Gas chromatography (GC) is a powerful analytical technique used to separate and analyze compounds in a mixture. Whether you're working in pharmaceuticals, environmental testing, or food safety, understanding the key components of a gas chromatograph is essential for accurate and efficient results.In this article, we will delve into the primary components of gas chromatography, including the injector, column, detector, and carrier gas—and explain how each plays a critical role in the separation and analysis process.By mastering these elements, you can optimize your GC setup for precise and reliable outcomes. Let's explore each component in detail:<h3>Sample Injector</h3>The injector is the starting point in the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.phenomenex.com/techniques/gc">gas chromatography process</a>, where the sample is introduced into the system. In GC, the sample must be vaporized into a gas before it enters the column. The injector serves this purpose by heating the sample to its gaseous state. There are many types of injectors, Split/Splitless, PTV, on column.The most common injector is the Split/Splitless injector that can be used in split mode or in splitless mode:<ul><li>Split Injection: This mode allows a portion of the sample to be sent to the column while the remainder is vented. It is useful for high-concentration samples to prevent system overload.</li><li>Splitless Injection: In this mode, the entire sample is introduced into the column, making it ideal for trace analysis where even minute quantities need detection.</li></ul>Proper choice of injector type and proper control of injection conditions, such as temperature, sample size, injection mode are crucial for achieving reproducible and reliable results.<h3>Carrier Gas</h3>In gas chromatography, the mobile phase is represented by carrier gas, which transports the vaporized sample through the column. The carrier gas is an inert gas, such as helium, nitrogen, or hydrogen. The choice of carrier gas can influence the efficiency of the separation process.<ul><li>Helium is the most used carrier gas due to its inertness and high flow rate.</li><li>Hydrogen offers faster analysis times but requires careful handling due to its flammability.</li><li>Nitrogen provides a cheaper solution compared to Helium, although it's slower than helium or hydrogen.</li></ul>The flow rate and pressure of the carrier gas need to be carefully controlled to ensure that the sample moves smoothly through the system and adequate efficiency is generated.<h3>Column/Stationary Phase</h3>The column is the heart of the gas chromatograph, where the actual separation of compounds occurs. <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://labrulez.com/en-us/gcms/products?category=7&amp;manufacturerItems=50">GC columns</a> are typically long, thin tubes made from stainless steel or fused silica. They are coated with a stationary phase, which interacts with the components of the sample as they pass through.<ul><li>Packed Columns: These contain small particles of stationary phase material and generally have a larger volume. While they are less efficient than capillary columns, they can be suitable for specific applications.</li><li>Capillary Columns: These thin tubes are coated with a stationary phase, offering higher resolution and faster analysis times due to their smaller diameter.</li></ul>The length, diameter, and type of stationary phase of the column are important factors that affect the efficiency and selectivity of the separation. The choice of stationary phase (polar or non-polar; liquid-coated or solid) affects how different compounds interact with it.As the sample moves through the column, compounds separate based on volatility and their affinity for the stationary phase, resulting in distinct peaks in the chromatogram.<h3>Detector</h3>Once the sample has passed through the column, it reaches the detector, where individual components are identified and measured. There are several types of detectors, each suited to different applications:<ul><li>Flame Ionization Detector (FID): One of the most commonly used detectors in GC. It measures ions produced when organic compounds are burned in a hydrogen-air flame. FID is highly sensitive to a wide range of organic compounds and offers a broad linear dynamic range.</li><li>Thermal Conductivity Detector (TCD): Detects changes in the thermal conductivity of the gas stream as analytes elute from the column. It is a universal, non-destructive detector, but is generally less sensitive than FID.</li><li>Electron capture detector (ECD): A very sensitive and selective detector used to detect chlorinated compounds it is easily contaminated and requires very pure and dry carrier and makeup gases and difficult maintenance.</li><li>Mass Spectrometer (MS): Provides structural information, aiding in both identification and quantification. Requires advanced and trained users and it’s difficult to maintain.</li></ul>The choice of detector depends on the type of analysis being performed and the sensitivity required. Each detector converts physical or chemical changes associated with the analytes into a measurable signal, producing a chromatogram that reflects concentration and retention time.<h3>Data System</h3>Although not a physical part of the chromatograph, the data system plays an integral role in processing and interpreting the signals generated by the detector. Modern gas chromatographs are equipped with software that converts detector signals into chromatograms—visual representations of the separation process. The software allows users to quantify and identify the components of the sample based on retention times and peak areas.<h3>How to Read a Gas Chromatogram?</h3>Interpreting a gas chromatogram involves understanding its essential elements, such as peaks, retention times, and the overall data for qualitative and quantitative analysis.<h4>The Nature of the Sample</h4>Begin by considering the sample's characteristics; different samples, such as environmental pollutants or food components, may exhibit distinct peak patterns. Recognizing the baseline (the flat line representing the signal without analytes) is crucial for identifying peaks accurately. While well-defined peaks indicate successful separation of components, poorly shaped or broad peaks may suggest issues with the separation process. For instance, if a mixture is injected and three peaks are observed, it indicates the presence of three different compounds in the sample. Conversely, when evaluating the purity of a sample, one would anticipate observing a single peak. Ideally, the chromatogram should reflect this expectation, confirming the sample's purity.<h4>The Identity of the Sample</h4>Retention time (Rt) is a critical factor in identifying the compounds present in the sample. Each analyte has a characteristic retention time that can be compared to known standards or literature. To confirm identities, a standard mixture should run alongside the sample; this allows to correlate retention times with specific compounds. If available, utilizing MS in conjunction with gas chromatography (GC-MS) can provide additional structural information, enhancing identification accuracy. With HR-MS or MS-MS detectors, unknown compounds can be identified by matching perfectly the Molecular weight or by matching the fragmentation pattern.<h4>The Amount of Sample</h4>Quantifying analytes involves analyzing peak area or height, which is directly proportional to the concentration of the analyte in the sample. A calibration curve constructed from known concentrations can help relate peak areas to actual concentrations. It is essential to consider the detector’s sensitivity and the limits of detection, as peaks below a certain threshold may not provide reliable quantification.

Basic Principles of Gas Chromatography - Separation and Analysis

ISC 2026 officially opened in Prague on Sunday, September 6, bringing the international separation science community together at the Prague Congress Centre. The first day began with six Short Courses covering topics from analytical procedure lifecycle and mass spectral interpretation to HILIC, oligonucleotides, LC/MS data analysis, and supercritical fluids. In the afternoon, conference chairs Michal Holčapek and Lucie Nováková welcomed participants during the Opening Ceremony, followed by the J.F.K. Huber Medal Award Ceremony. The scientific program then moved into its first plenary session, spanning spintronics, single-cell proteomics and robust LC-MS, and rapid evaporative ionisation mass spectrometry. The opening day concluded with the Welcome Reception, giving participants their first opportunity to meet colleagues from around the world and begin a week of scientific exchange, new ideas, and chromatography in the heart of Prague.<h4>Sunday, September 6th</h4><h5>8:30–15:45 Short Courses 3 - 8</h5><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/ISC_ISC_2026_Day_1_Short_Courses_Koen_Sandra_176f1c6d52.jpg" alt="ISC: ISC 2026 - Day 1: Short Course SC 6 Oligonucleotides and Other Biopharmaceuticals (Koen Sandra)" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_ISC_ISC_2026_Day_1_Short_Courses_Koen_Sandra_176f1c6d52.jpg 235w," sizes="100vw" width="1600" height="1067"><h5>16:00–16:30 Opening Ceremony</h5><ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://labrulez.com/en-us/lcms/articles?search=hol%C4%8Dapek">Michal Holčapek</a>, Czech Republic</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://labrulez.com/en-us/lcms/articles?search=Lucie+Nov%C3%A1kov%C3%A1">Lucie Nováková</a>, Czech Republic</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/ISC_ISC_2026_Day_1_Opening_Novakova_and_Holcapek_bbf9dd44e3.jpg" alt="ISC: ISC 2026 - Day 1: Michal Holčapek and Lucie Nováková opened ISC 2026" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_ISC_ISC_2026_Day_1_Opening_Novakova_and_Holcapek_bbf9dd44e3.jpg 235w," sizes="100vw" width="1600" height="1067"><h5>16:30–17:00 Award Ceremony</h5><ul><li>J.F.K. Huber Medal (awarded by the Austrian Society for Analytical Chemistry)</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/ISC_ISC_2026_Day_1_JFK_Huber_Award_winner_Dave_846f6a5dff.jpg" alt="ISC: ISC 2026 - Day 1: Davy Guillarme as a 2026 recipient of the J.F.K. Lecture Award of the Austrian Society of Analytical Chemistry" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_ISC_ISC_2026_Day_1_JFK_Huber_Award_winner_Dave_846f6a5dff.jpg 235w," sizes="100vw" width="1600" height="1066"><h4>Plenary lectures</h4><h5>17:00 - 17:30 Spintronics: A new paradigm in digital bits</h5><ul><li>Tomáš Jungwirth, Czech Republic&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</li></ul>Besides the rapid developments in the big world of cloud data centers and AI, a remarkable paradigm shift is occurring on the level of the smallest “elementary particle” of information technologies – the single physical bit. For the first time in the history of microprocessor chips, semiconductor bits are being replaced by a fundamentally distinct technology. The technology is based on magnets and is called spintronics. All major developers and manufacturers of the advanced chip technologies are now implementing these new spintronic bits. Not across the entire microprocessor chip, but in some of its vital memory parts. The transition to the spintronic bits is happening because further miniaturization of semiconductor bits has become prohibitively expensive or even reached fundamental physical limits. In the talk we will introduce the distinct physical principle behind the spintronic bits, and highlight some of the recent adbances in spintronics research and development.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/ISC_ISC_2026_Day_1_Tomas_Jungwirth_dd6eeca2b5.jpg" alt="ISC: ISC 2026 - Day 1: Spintronics: A new paradigm in digital bits (Tomáš Jungwirth, Czech Republic)" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_ISC_ISC_2026_Day_1_Tomas_Jungwirth_dd6eeca2b5.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1595" height="1008"><h5>17:30 - 18:00 Single cell proteomics requires robust LC-MS: Unexpected findings bring new biological understanding</h5><ul><li>Jennifer Van Eyk, USA&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</li></ul>Underlying precision medicine is the concept that an individual’s Omic signature (including the proteome) will provide a physician with clinically actionable diagnosis and a subsequent mechanistic therapeutic route that is appropriate for a particular person. This concept is based on the idea of pathological heterogeneity and recognizes the impact of differences in the heath state of individuals. The deployment of single cell technologies has demonstrated heterogeneity within a single cell type which impacts the degree of cellular heterogeneity within an organ. Unlike bulk proteomic approaches, which average signals across heterogeneous populations, single-cell proteomics captures the molecular diversity of cell. Today single-cell proteomics can provide high-resolution characterization of protein quantities and variability within the structural composition and signaling dynamics within individual cells which requires robust, precise and sensitive liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (LC-MS) workflows with sufficient throughput to quantitatively analyze 1000s of single cells.We have developed stable and precise single cell LC-MS workflow based on high-flow, dual trap with a single analytical column system that can achieve 96 samples per day. Furthermore, we have coupled this with a novel parallel sample preparation method on demand within the autosampler reducing sample lose and matching throughput with the LC-MS. Here, we have investigated the proteomic heterogeneity of cardiac muscle cells, cardiomyocytes, the specialized cells that contain the contractile proteins and which are responsible for the heart contraction and relaxation. By applying single-cell proteomics to cardiomyocytes isolated from human and mouse hearts, as well as human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes, we uncovered previously unrecognized cellular subpopulations distinguished by differences in contractile and metabolic protein expression. As well unexpectedly, we unambiguously identified proteins traditionally considered absent in adult cardiomyocyte, such as slow skeletal troponin T, previously thought to be restricted to fetal or skeletal muscle or those proposed to be limited to non-cardiac cell types (e.g., neuronal proteins) or species (e.g., myosin heavy chain 7b). This suggests an unexpected fluidity in cardiac protein expression. Furthermore, single cell proteomics has provided critical insight into protein-level remodeling in heart failure, where the same single amino acid mutation in a contractile protein can give rise to diverse clinical phenotypes. At the single cell level, the mutant protein dosage in each cell drives a continuum of subproteomic pathological alterations. Only with precise protein quantification at the single cell level, is this understanding possible – all of which hinges on the LC-MS performance.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/ISC_ISC_2026_Day_1_Jennifer_Van_Eyk_f8641196ff.jpg" alt="ISC: ISC 2026 - Day 1: Single cell proteomics requires robust LC-MS: Unexpected findings bring new biological understanding (Jennifer Van Eyk, USA)" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_ISC_ISC_2026_Day_1_Jennifer_Van_Eyk_f8641196ff.jpg 235w," sizes="100vw" width="1600" height="1066"><h5>18:00 - 18:30 Rapid evaporative ionisation mass spectrometry: From MSI to LC-MS</h5><ul><li>Zoltan Takats, United Kingdom&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</li></ul>Rapid Evaporative Ionisation Mass Spectrometry (REIMS) was originally developed for mass spectrometry-guided surgery applications, enabling the direct, real-time analysis of surgical aerosols for in-situ histological identification of tissues in cancer surgery. Coupling the technique with various surgical and non-surgical lasers led to the recognition, that the technique has comparable sensitivity to other, widely used desorption ionisation methods including DESI and MALDI. Laser Ablation REIMS using 3 μm wavelength picosecond lasers was demonstrated to provide sub-cellular resolution metabolic and lipidomic images at 2-5 μm spatial resolution, with clear visualisation of cellular nuclei. The method was subsequently used for regenerative neuroscience and cancer biology applications. The unexpectedly high sensitivity of the method (fg amounts of lipids and metabolites / pixel) encouraged us to attempt using REIMS as an LC-MS ion source. The current commercially available REIMS instrumentation utilises the so-called matrix-assited REIMS technology, involving the co-introduction of a polar solvent (water, acetonitrile or aliphatic alcohols) together with the sample aerosol. The fused droplets containing solvent and soluble components of the aerosol are introduced into the vacuum where they impact a heated (≈900 ºC) surface resulting in their 'rapid evaporation' yielding the detected ion population. In this context, the ionisation matrix was replaced by LC effluent, leading to a fundamentally new way of ionisation. The new technique termed LC-REIMS was characterised using reversed phase LC applications including lipid and metabolite profiling. The new ionisation method was found to exhibit high similarity to sonic spray and related techniques, in spite of the high temperature involved. Analytical sensitivity for complex lipids and amino acids were found to be comparable to those in ESI or APCI, albeit the relative response factors followed markedly different trends. As the technology represents an LC-MS coupling without any requirement for pressurised gas or high voltage, it has significant application potential for field instrumentation including industrial process control or security screening.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/ISC_ISC_2026_Day_1_Zoltan_Takats_3e0c11a22e.jpg" alt="ISC: ISC 2026 - Day 1: Rapid evaporative ionisation mass spectrometry: From MSI to LC-MS (Zoltan Takats, United Kingdom)" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_ISC_ISC_2026_Day_1_Zoltan_Takats_3e0c11a22e.jpg 129w," sizes="100vw" width="1600" height="1933"><h5>18:30–19:30 Welcome Reception</h5><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/ISC_ISC_2026_Day_1_Welcome_reception_36bfcb7276.jpg" alt="ISC: ISC 2026 - Day 1: Welcome reception" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_ISC_ISC_2026_Day_1_Welcome_reception_36bfcb7276.jpg 235w," sizes="100vw" width="1600" height="1067"><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/ISC_ISC_2026_Day_1_Welcome_reception_2_4ae69091a6.jpg" alt="ISC: ISC 2026 - Day 1: Welcome reception" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_ISC_ISC_2026_Day_1_Welcome_reception_2_4ae69091a6.jpg 235w," sizes="100vw" width="1600" height="1067">

ISC 2026 - Day 1

ISC 2026 - Day 2

Article

Events

Academy

Phenomenex is a global technology leader committed to developing novel analytical chemistry solutions that solve the separation and purification challenges of researchers in industrial, government and academic laboratories.

Phenomenex

The International Symposium on Chromatography (ISC) represents the oldest conference series focussing on separation science. ISC symposia have been organised since 1956 in each even year. ISC is internationally recognised as one of the premier meeting series for discussion of all modes of chromatography and separation science with a broad coverage of techniques and applications.

International Symposium on Chromatography - (ISC)

Phenomenex Strata C18-U Solid Phase Extraction (SPE)

C18 sorbent with no end-capping, giving the phase moderate hydrophobic selectivity with slight polar selectivity due to the active silanol groups.

Moderate Hydrophobic Selectivity Solid Phase Extraction (SPE)C18 sorbent with no end-capping, giving the phase moderate hydrophobic selectivity with slight polar selectivity due to the active silanol groups.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Phenomenex_Strata_C18_U_f0c8e66506.webp" alt="Phenomenex: Strata C18-U SPE" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Phenomenex_Strata_C18_U_f0c8e66506.webp 245w," sizes="100vw" width="500" height="150"><ul><li>Surface Area (m²/g): 500</li><li>Separation Mode: Reversed Phase</li><li>Pore Size: 70</li><li>Particle Size: 55</li><li>Recommended Use: Enhanced cleanup of hydrophobic compounds that contain hydroxy or amine functional groups</li></ul><h4>Starting Method</h4><h5>Strata Reversed Phase</h5><ul><li>Condition: 1 mL Methanol</li><li>Equilibrate: 1 mL DI Water</li><li>Load: Pretreated sample</li><li>Wash: 1 mL 5% Methanol in DI Water, dry under vacuum for 2-5 min</li><li>Elute: 1 mL Methanol</li></ul>Based on 100 mg/1 mL sorbent mass. The above is a convenient starting point for SPE method development, further optimization may be required to tailor the method for your specific extraction needs.

Phenomenex Strata C18-T Solid Phase Extraction (SPE)

A wide-pore C18 sorbent that offers strong hydrophobic selectivity and accommodates molecules up to 75 kD in size.

Strong Hydrophobic Retention Solid Phase Extraction (SPE)A wide-pore C18 sorbent that offers strong hydrophobic selectivity and accommodates molecules up to 75 kD in size.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Phenomenex_Strata_C18_T_294d3923f5.webp" alt="Phenomenex: Strata C18-T" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Phenomenex_Strata_C18_T_294d3923f5.webp 245w," sizes="100vw" width="500" height="150"><ul><li>Surface Area (m²/g): -</li><li>Separation Mode: Reversed Phase</li><li>Particle Size: 55</li><li>Recommended Use: Wide pore for the extraction of large hydrophobic molecules (up to 75 kDa)</li></ul><h4>Starting Method</h4><h5>Strata Reversed Phase</h5><ul><li>Condition: 1 mL Methanol</li><li>Equilibrate: 1 mL DI Water</li><li>Load: Pretreated sample</li><li>Wash: 1 mL 5% Methanol in DI Water, dry under vacuum for 2-5 min</li><li>Elute: 1 mL Methanol</li></ul>Based on 100 mg/1 mL sorbent mass. The above is a convenient starting point for SPE method development, further optimization may be required to tailor the method for your specific extraction needs.

Phenomenex Strata C8 Solid Phase Extraction (SPE)

An end-capped C8 sorbent that offers moderate hydrophobic retention with negligible secondary polar interactions from active silanol groups. 

Reversed Phase Solid Phase Extraction (SPE)An end-capped C8 sorbent that offers moderate hydrophobic retention with negligible secondary polar interactions from active silanol groups. &nbsp;Ideal for compounds that may interact too strongly with a C18 sorbent.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Phenomenex_Strata_C8_9efc4274c5.webp" alt="Phenomenex: Strata C8" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Phenomenex_Strata_C8_9efc4274c5.webp 245w," sizes="100vw" width="500" height="150"><ul><li>Surface Area (m²/g): -</li><li>Separation Mode: Reversed Phase</li><li>Particle Size: 25, 55</li><li>Recommended Use: Extraction of extremely hydrophobic compounds that are retained too tightly on C18-E.</li></ul><h4>Starting Method</h4><h5>Strata Reversed Phase</h5><ul><li>Condition: 1 mL Methanol</li><li>Equilibrate: 1 mL DI Water</li><li>Load: Pretreated sample</li><li>Wash: 1 mL 5% Methanol in DI Water, dry under vacuum for 2-5 min</li><li>Elute: 1 mL Methanol</li></ul>Based on 100 mg/1 mL sorbent mass. The above is a convenient starting point for SPE method development, further optimization may be required to tailor the method for your specific extraction needs.

Phenomenex Strata Phenyl Solid Phase Extraction (SPE)

A short alkyl chain with a phenyl group provides moderate hydrophobic selectivity and aromatic selectivity through π−π interactions.

Retention of Aromatic CompoundsA short alkyl chain with a phenyl group provides moderate hydrophobic selectivity and aromatic selectivity through π−π interactions.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Phenomenex_Strata_Phenyl_5bc4ec65e4.webp" alt="Phenomenex: Strata Phenyl" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Phenomenex_Strata_Phenyl_5bc4ec65e4.webp 245w," sizes="100vw" width="500" height="150"><ul><li>Surface Area (m²/g): 500</li><li>Separation Mode: Reversed Phase</li><li>Pore size: 70</li><li>Particle Size: 55</li><li>Recommended Use: Extraction of aromatic and hydrophobic compounds</li></ul><h4>Starting Method</h4><h5>Strata Reversed Phase</h5><ul><li>Condition: 1 mL Methanol</li><li>Equilibrate: 1 mL DI Water</li><li>Load: Pretreated sample</li><li>Wash: 1 mL 5% Methanol in DI Water, dry under vacuum for 2-5 min</li><li>Elute: 1 mL Methanol</li></ul>Based on 100 mg/1 mL sorbent mass. The above is a convenient starting point for SPE method development, further optimization may be required to tailor the method for your specific extraction needs.

Phenomenex Strata SDB-L Solid Phase Extraction (SPE)

A rugged polymer sorbent that is pH stable from 1-14 and offers hydrophobic and aromatic selectivity for reversed phase applications.

Styrene-Divinylbenzene Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) SorbentA rugged polymer sorbent that is pH stable from 1-14 and offers hydrophobic and aromatic selectivity for reversed phase applications.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Phenomenex_Strata_SDB_L_49e276aab1.jpg" alt="Phenomenex: Strata-SDB-L" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Phenomenex_Strata_SDB_L_49e276aab1.jpg 193w," sizes="100vw" width="208" height="168"><ul><li>Surface Area (m²/g): 500</li><li>Separation Mode: Reversed Phase</li><li>Pore size: 260</li><li>Particle Size: 100</li><li>Recommended Use: Extraction of hydrophobic and aromatic compounds</li></ul><h4>Starting Method</h4><h5>Strata Reversed Phase</h5><ul><li>Condition: 1 mL Methanol</li><li>Equilibrate: 1 mL DI Water</li><li>Load: Pretreated sample</li><li>Wash: 1 mL 5% Methanol in DI Water, dry under vacuum for 2-5 min</li><li>Elute: 1 mL Methanol</li></ul>Based on 100 mg/1 mL sorbent mass. The above is a convenient starting point for SPE method development, further optimization may be required to tailor the method for your specific extraction needs.

Phenomenex Strata Eco Screen Solid Phase Extraction (SPE)

This proprietary normal phase sorbent is topped with sodium sulfate to remove any excess water and is used for the extraction of hydrocarbons from environmental samples.

Specialty Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) SorbentThis proprietary normal phase sorbent is topped with sodium sulfate to remove any excess water and is used for the extraction of hydrocarbons from environmental samples, resulting in high recoveries of naphthalene.

Phenomenex Strata EPH Solid Phase Extraction (SPE)

This specialty normal phase sorbent was developed for the fractionation of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons from environmental samples.

Specialty Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) SorbentThis specialty normal phase sorbent was developed for the fractionation of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons from environmental samples.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Phenomenex_Strata_eph_6f99720a51.webp" alt="Phenomenex: Strata-EPH" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Phenomenex_Strata_eph_6f99720a51.webp 245w," sizes="100vw" width="500" height="150"><ul><li>Surface Area (m²/g): -</li><li>Separation Mode: Multi-mode</li><li>Particle Size: 200</li><li>Recommended Use: Fractionation of aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons from environmental samples</li></ul><h4>Starting Method</h4><h5>Strata EPH Normal Phase</h5><ul><li>Condition: IPA/DCM</li><li>Equilibrate: Hexane</li><li>Load: Pretreated sample</li><li>Wash: 5 % DCM in Hexane</li><li>Elute: 1:1 Hexane / DCM or 1:1 Hexane / IPA</li></ul>Based on 100 mg/1 mL sorbent mass. The above is a convenient starting point for SPE method development, further optimization may be required to tailor the method for your specific extraction needs.

Phenomenex Strata PAH Solid Phase Extraction (SPE)

Strata PAH is a proprietary sorbent designed to provide high recoveries of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from water.

Specialty Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) SorbentStrata PAH (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons) is a proprietary sorbent designed to provide high recoveries of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from water (as specified in EPA Method 550.1) while simultaneously removing humic acids from the extract.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Phenomenex_Strata_pah_c48e1fab83.webp" alt="Phenomenex: Strata-PAH" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Phenomenex_Strata_pah_c48e1fab83.webp 245w," sizes="100vw" width="500" height="150"><ul><li>Surface Area (m²/g): -</li><li>Separation Mode: Reversed Phase</li><li>Particle Size: 55</li><li>Recommended Use: Extraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from water (as specified in EPA Method 550.1) while simultaneously removing humic acids from the extract</li></ul>

Phenomenex Strata PFAS Solid Phase Extraction (SPE)

A new stacked cartridge able to offer 2x gains in productivity and reduce the need for multiple tubes, transfer steps, and wasted time. 

Specialty Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) SorbentA new stacked cartridge able to offer 2x gains in productivity and reduce the need for multiple tubes, transfer steps, and wasted time. This product is recommended to be used for EPA 1633 and DOD QSM 5.1/5.3 guidelines to minimize multiple sample but still provide high recoveries of low level PFAS (Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances) in solid samples, soils, biota, sediments, or non-drinking water samples.<ul><li>Surface Area (m²/g): -</li><li>Separation Mode: Multi-Mode</li><li>Pore Size: 0</li><li>Recommended Use: for EPA 1633 and DOD QSM 5.1/5.3 applications for diverse matrices and non-drinking water PFAS applications</li></ul><h4>Stacked SPE Cartridges for Efficient PFAS Extraction</h4>Strata PFAS is a stacked solid phase extraction cartridge for EPA method 1633 and DOD QSM 5.1/5.3 applications.<ul><li>Reliable SPE with 2x gains in productivity</li><li>Reproducible extraction</li><li>Reduced need for multiple tubes, transfer steps, and wasted time</li></ul>

Organomation 45 Position N-EVAP Nitrogen Evaporator

Our 45-position nitrogen evaporator offers the largest number of sample positions in our N-EVAP line. 

Our 45-position nitrogen evaporator (Catalog # 11645) offers the largest number of sample positions in our N-EVAP line. The sample holder has dual circular rings. The outer ring has 30 positions and can accommodate samples with an outside diameter of 10-19 mm The inner ring has 15 positions and can accommodate samples with an outside diameter of 16-30 mm and a minimum height of 70 mm.This time-tested, durable system provides the least expensive price per position of all our N-EVAPs. The evaporative system, along with the standard flow control and pressure reducing regulator, enables the operator to achieve the desired level of concentration with efficient nitrogen usage. Our unique dual band spring hoist assembly ensures easy and effective operator use. Additionally, the 45 position N-EVAP includes a side control box. Timed, digitally controlled water bath temperatures provide even evaporation rates. The pressure regulator and timer combine to allow timed automatic gas flow cut off which slows evaporation to a minimum once the timed cycle has been completed. The heat can also be shut off with the gas after a timed cycle.<ul><li>Gentle: N-EVAP nitrogen evaporators combine nitrogen blow down with a heated bath to gently concentrate delicate samples</li><li>Flexible: An adjustable sample holder design fits a wide variety of sample tubes and vials at once</li><li>Precise: Digital controls allow exact temperature regulation</li><li>Individualized Control: Optimize evaporation of diverse samples with individual gas flow control at each vial</li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Organomation_45_Position_N_EVAP_Nitrogen_Evaporator_5_20078e3969.jpg" alt="Organomation: 45 Position N-EVAP Nitrogen Evaporator." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Organomation_45_Position_N_EVAP_Nitrogen_Evaporator_5_20078e3969.jpg 156w," sizes="100vw" width="1400" height="1400"><h3>STANDARD FEATURES</h3><ul><li>Nitrogen filter</li><li>Adjustable flow meter, 0-30 LPM</li><li>Built-in pressure reducing regulator</li><li>Side control box</li><li>Digital temperature controller</li><li>Electronic timer</li><li>Safety control cover plate</li><li>High pressure phthalate free tubing&nbsp;</li><li>High temperature limit switch for safety</li><li>Dual band spring hoist assembly&nbsp;</li><li>Precision needle valve tube assembly</li><li>Needles, 4 inch x 19 gauge with chrome plated brass hub and stainless steel shaft</li></ul><h3>OPTIONS&nbsp;</h3><ul><li>220v wiring harness (Option Code# -2), Cat# 11645-2</li><li>Z-Purge/positive pressure purge case (Option Code# -Z), Cat# 11645-Z</li><li>Acid resistant coating on instrument and needles (Option Code# -RT), Cat# 11645-RT</li></ul><h3>SPECS</h3><h4>45 Position N-EVAP (Water Bath)</h4><ul><li>Bath Type: Water</li><li>Instrumental Catalog Number: 11645</li><li>Number of Sample Positions: 45</li><li>Overall Dimension (w × d × h): 24 × 19 × 34 in / 61 × 48 × 86 cm</li><li>Sample Holder Layout: Circular</li><li>Gas Manifold Layout: Dual Rings</li><li>Outer Circle Sample Holder Test Tube Range: 10–19 mm OD</li><li>Inner Circle Sample Holder Test Tube Range: 16–30 mm OD; &gt;70 mm height</li><li>Gas Flow Meter: 0–30 L/min</li><li>Stainless Steel Needles (Length × Gauge): 4.0 in × 19 ga / 102 mm × 19 ga</li><li>Sample Tray Lift Mechanism: Dual Band Spring Hoist Assembly</li><li>Rotating, Leak Tight Gas Fitting: Standard</li><li>Built-in Nitrogen Gauge Input: 30–110 psig</li><li>Acid Resistant Coating: Optional</li></ul><h5>Heating Device Specs</h5><ul><li>Model Number: 13165</li><li>Heating Medium: Water</li><li>Inside Dimensions (Diameter × Depth): 16.0 × 4.5 in / 40.6 × 11.4 cm</li><li>Outside Dimensions (w × d × h): 24 × 19 × 6 in / 61 × 48 × 15 cm</li><li>Total Wattage: 1300 W</li><li>Bath Temperature Range: 30–90 °C</li><li>Temperature Controller Type: Digital Electronic with LED Display</li><li>Controller Accuracy: ±2 °C</li><li>Side Mount Control Box with Timer for Nitrogen &amp; Heat: Standard</li></ul><h4>45 Position N-EVAP (No Bath)</h4><ul><li>Bath Type: None</li><li>Instrumental Catalog Number: 11645-O</li><li>Number of Sample Positions: 45</li><li>Overall Dimension (w × d × h): 24 × 19 × 32 in / 61 × 48 × 81 cm</li><li>Sample Holder Layout: Circular</li><li>Gas Manifold Layout: Dual Rings</li><li>Outer Circle Sample Holder Test Tube Range: 10–19 mm OD</li><li>Inner Circle Sample Holder Test Tube Range: 16–30 mm OD; 70 mm height</li><li>Gas Flow Meter: 0–30 L/min</li><li>Stainless Steel Needles (Length × Gauge): 4.0 in × 19 ga / 102 mm × 19 ga</li><li>Sample Tray Lift Mechanism: Dual Band Spring Hoist Assembly</li><li>Rotating, Leak Tight Gas Fitting: Standard</li><li>Built-in Nitrogen Gauge Input: 30–110 psig</li><li>Acid Resistant Coating: Optional</li></ul><h3>MODELS</h3><h5>Catalog Number &nbsp;/&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Bath Type</h5><ul><li>11645: Water Bath</li><li>11634-O: No Bath*</li></ul>*All “-O” models come with a base and stand assembly instead of a heated bath. These instruments are designed for evaporation procedures performed at ambient temperature.<h3>ACCESSORIES</h3><ul><li>Nitrogen generator (cat# NA1955)</li><li>Pasteur pipette adapters (cat# NA0636)</li><li>High temperature silicone fluid (cat# NA1240)</li><li>Various needle sizes and gauges</li></ul><h3>REPLACEMENT PARTS</h3><ul><li>P0627: Valve Tube Assembly – Post 1997</li><li>P0607: Luer &amp; washer for N-EVAP valve tube</li><li>P0634: Tube Fitting nylon 3 part for N-EVAP valve tube</li></ul>

Products focused on Sample Preparation - page 4

Related content

ISC 2026 - Day 2

Basic Principles of Gas Chromatography - Separation and Analysis

ISC 2026 - Day 1