Microwave-assisted sample preparation for screening of heavy metal elements in food additives by ICP-MS

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezICPMS Library in the week of 9th February 2026? Check out new documents from the field of spectroscopy/spectrometry and related techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT SPECTROSCOPY/SPECTROMETRY RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezGCMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you application notes by Agilent Technologies, Metrohm, Shimadzu and Thermo Fisher Scientific!<h3>1. Agilent Technologies: Black Pepper Origin Differentiation Using Large ICP-MS Datasets and Chemometric Tools</h3>Elemental profiling using an <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?manufacturerItems=1&amp;search=7850+ICP-MS">Agilent 7850 ICP-MS</a> and Agilent <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?manufacturerItems=1&amp;search=Mass+Profiler+Professional+software">Mass Profiler Professional (MPP) software</a><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_black_pepper_origin_7850_icp_ms_5994_8741en_agilent_7c190968ef.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Black pepper’s high value and global demand are drivers for economically motivated adulteration, a fraudulent practice that can pose public health risks. Because black pepper is most often sold in ground, crushed, or mixed forms, its supply chain is difficult to monitor and manage. Also, consumer campaigns against deforestation and the European Union Regulation on Deforestation-free (EUDR) products have increased calls for greater sourcing transparency. Products with a known geographical indication can demand a higher price. Companies do not want to become implicated in false claims about the sourcing of products, and many are keen to have full visibility of their products’ origin. To address this need, the European Commission has established the Protected Geographical Indication (PGI) system to protect regional specific products, thereby promoting their unique characteristics based on geographical origin and traditional competence of production. The PGI scheme has increased the demand for detailed information regarding the geographical source of food products, a trend that is likely to continue as EUDR is implemented across the EU and associated markets. Verifying the geographical origin of black pepper using elemental fingerprints is highly relevant to protecting value chain stakeholders, ensuring both quality and traceability while upholding the principles of food integrity.&nbsp;Several analytical methods can be used for profiling certain elements in foods. However, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is unique because of its rapid throughput, multi-element capability, ultratrace sensitivity, isotopic analysis, versatility across sample types, low sample volume requirements, compliance with regulatory requirements, and low cost.3&nbsp;The Agilent 7850 ICP-MS is equipped with an Octopole Reaction System (ORS4 ), a collision/reaction cell (CRC) that uses helium (He) gas and Kinetic Energy Discrimination (KED) to remove polyatomic interferences on key analytes.4 If left unchecked, these interferences can affect data accuracy in complex food products. The integration of the 7850 with Agilent ICP-MS MassHunter software streamlines data analysis. When integrated with chemometric analysis, ICP-MS demonstrates high precision in multi-elemental profiling of diverse food matrices, effectively distinguishing their geographical origin.5&nbsp;In this study, 150 black pepper samples from five countries (Brazil, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, Vietnam) were analyzed using the 7850 ICP-MS to obtain elemental fingerprints of the samples. Agilent Mass Profiler Professional (MPP) software was used to process the ICP-MS elemental data and to construct chemometric models for distinguishing the geographical origin of the samples, as adapted from Chilaka et al.5<h4>Experimental&nbsp;</h4><h5>Instrumentation&nbsp;</h5>An <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?manufacturerItems=1&amp;search=7850+ICP-MS">Agilent 7850 single-quadrupole ICP-MS</a> was used for the analysis of 38 elements in the black pepper samples. Sample introduction was performed via a peristaltic pump connected to an Agilent MicroMist nebulizer and an Agilent SPS 4 autosampler. All elements were measured using helium collision (He KED) mode, except for boron (B), which was analyzed in no gas mode. Instrument control was performed using <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?manufacturerItems=1&amp;search=MassHunter">Agilent ICP-MS MassHunter 5.1 software</a>, and data processing was conducted using <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?manufacturerItems=1&amp;search=Mass+Profiler+Professional+software">Agilent MPP software</a>, version 15.1. Instrument operating conditions as shown in Table 1.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>This study investigated the potential of ICP-MS elemental profiling coupled with chemometric analysis for geographical origin discrimination of black pepper samples from five countries, including Brazil, Cambodia, India, Indonesia, and Vietnam. A total of 38 elements was measured in 150 black pepper samples using the Agilent 7850 ICP-MS. Chemometric analysis was performed on the ICP-MS elemental data using Agilent Mass Profiler Professional (MPP) software. The PCA analysis exhibited satisfactory reliability and classification rates and demonstrated potential for the authentication of the geographical origin of black pepper. However, the separation of the Cambodian and Vietnamese samples was less distinct than the other groups, revealing potential similarities in elemental profiling between the bordering countries, which share similar climatic, geological, and agricultural conditions. Using LDA and RF classification models on the black pepper test set, we achieved a high overall accuracy in determining the geographical origin of the samples. These findings provide empirical support for the combined use of elementomics and chemometric techniques in black pepper authentication, contributing to fraud prevention. The study also demonstrates the potential of the method for application to other food types.<h3>2. Metrohm: Milk powder analysis by near-infrared spectroscopy</h3>Determination of moisture, fat, lactose, and protein content<ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_nir_128_download_867321cfb0.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>For milk powder producers, final product control is essential to meet strict regulatory standards, guarantee comprehensive quality assurance, ensure consistent nutritional quality, and extend shelf life. These are all especially important for infant formula and dairy ingredients used in sensitive applications. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a fast, reagentfree method for measuring key quality parameters such as moisture, protein, lactose, and fat content directly in milk powder. The NIRS solution requires no sample preparation, enabling real-time monitoring either in the lab or directly on the production line. This allows producers to react quickly to process variations, minimize waste, and maintain product integrity batch after batch.<h4>EXPERIMENTAL EQUIPMENT&nbsp;</h4>More than 600 samples of powdered milk from different suppliers were analyzed on an <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?manufacturerItems=56&amp;search=OMNIS+NIR">OMNIS NIR Analyzer</a> (Figure 1). The different milk powders were placed into an OMNIS sample cup and analyzed in diffuse reflection mode. To include sample variety, the sample rotated during measurement to collect spectra from different locations. The automatically averaged spectra were used for model development. Reference values were obtained by official methods, e.g., AOAC 927.05 (moisture), AOAC 939.02 (protein), and AOAC 932.06 (fat). For the lactose content determination, a phenol-sulfuric acid method was used.<h4>CONCLUSION</h4>This Application Note presented the analysis of milk powder using NIR spectroscopy. Models for several quality parameters (fat, protein, lactose, and moisture content) were created. Independent validation samples confirmed the robustness and reliability of the models, with high correlation coefficients and low prediction errors achieved across all parameters. Notably, the dataset included samples from diverse global origins, capturing a broad range of product variability. This study shows that NIRS can be successfully integrated into the quality control workflow for dairy powder analysis.<h3>3. Shimadzu: Analysis of Electrolyte and Electrode in LIB Degraded by Overcharge and High Temperature</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_01064_en_b4f9f4330a.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul><h4>User Benefits</h4><ul><li>ICP-AES enables accurate quantification of cathode material dissolved in electrolytes.</li><li>GC-MS assesses degradation from components in electrolytes with unknown usage.</li><li>EDXRF easily evaluates transition metals, phosphorus, fluorine, and other elements deposited on electrodes</li></ul>When lithium-ion batteries are used in EVs or ESS applications, numerous cells are connected in series and parallel to form modules, and multiple modules are further connected to construct a pack. In such configurations—where many cells are connected in series—the state of charge of individual cells varies, as shown in Figure 1. Moreover, because the cells are densely packed to reduce volume, the ambient temperature experienced by each cell also varies. In this application, we conducted cycle tests under overcharged or high-temperature conditions, disassembled the degraded pouch cells, and analyzed both the electrolytes and the electrodes.<h4>Analysis of electrolyte and electrode</h4>Electrolytes and electrodes were extracted from the batteries degraded through the cycle tests (hereafter referred to as “degraded cells”) and analyzed using the instruments shown in Figures 3–5. It is known that electrolytesin degraded cells contain transition metals (Ni, Co, Mn) dissolved from the cathode active material1). In addition, electrolyte solvents are known to generate characteristic degradation products as deterioration progresses2). By analyzing these degradation-related elements and compounds, the degradation state of the battery can be assessed. In this article, we propose a multifaceted evaluation of electrolytes using <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?manufacturerItems=3&amp;search=ICPE-9820">ICP-AES</a> and GC-MS. On both the cathode and anode, insulating layers known as CEI/SEI form on the electrode surfaces. Under improper charging conditions, excessive formation of these layers can lead to capacity loss. Furthermore, the dissolved metals from the cathode deposit and precipitate on the anode. These deposits can cause internal short circuits, posing risks such as fire hazards. While such electrode conditions are typically evaluated by ICP-AES or XPS to examine elemental content or surface chemical states, this article introduces a simpler evaluation method using <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?manufacturerItems=3&amp;search=EDX-8100">EDXRF</a>.<h4>Summary</h4>Analysis of the electrolytesfrom degraded batteries using ICP-AES and GC-MS revealed dissolution of transition metals as well as the formation of degradation products. Furthermore, EDXRF analysis of the electrodes enabled straightforward detection of changesin elemental composition, including transition metals, fluorine, and phosphorus. These analytical techniques allow for a multifaceted evaluation of battery degradation. In real-world battery operation, fluctuations in charging conditions and ambient temperature introduce variability in degradation states. By assessing degradation mechanisms individually, as demonstrated in thisreport, it is possible to obtain insights that contribute not only to improving intrinsic battery performance but also to optimizing implementation methods and control conditions.<h3>4. Thermo Fisher Scientific: Analyzing Spinel refractory MgO-Al2O3 premix using <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?manufacturerItems=2&amp;search=ARL%E2%84%A2+X%E2%80%99TRA+Companion">ARL X’TRA Companion XRD</a></h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/spinel_refractory_xrd_an41525_en_75f2527e78.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Spinel refractories—primarily magnesia–alumina (MgAl₂O₄)— are the workhorses of high-temperature linings in steel ladles, cement rotary kilns, glass tanks, and non-ferrous smelters. Their appeal lies in a combination of shock resistance, chemical stability against basic slags, and an expansion behavior that mitigates cracking. Depending on the duty, they are used as bricks, castables, or gunned repairs, sometimes with engineered microstructures that blend spinel with periclase, corundum, or zirconia to tune creep, corrosion, and spalling performance.&nbsp;X-ray diffraction (XRD) underpins manufacturing control from raw mix to fired product. During synthesis, XRD tracks the solid-state reaction of MgO and Al₂O₃ into spinel, verifying the disappearance of periclase and alumina and quantifying the spinel fraction by Rietveld analysis. Lattice parameters reveal cation stoichiometry and solid-solution effects; peak breadth trends indicate crystallite growth and microstrain, proxies for sintering progress. In finished components, XRD detects secondary phases such as calcium aluminates introduced by binders, slags, impurities, and it provides fingerprinting for batch-to-batch consistency after thermal exposure. Embedded into routine QA/QC, XRD shortens feedback loops, stabilizes recipes, and links processing conditions to the microstructure that governs refractory life.<h4>Instrument &amp; software&nbsp;</h4>The <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?manufacturerItems=2&amp;search=ARL%E2%84%A2+X%E2%80%99TRA+Companion">Thermo Scientific™ ARL™ X’TRA Companion</a> X-Ray Diffractometer (c.f. Figure 1) is a simple, easy-to-use benchtop instrument for routine phase analysis as well as more advanced applications. The ARL X’TRA Companion uses a θ/θ goniometer (160 mm radius) in Bragg-Brentano geometry coupled with a 600 W X-ray source (Cu or Co). The radial and axial collimation of the beam is controlled by divergence and Soller slits, while air scattering is reduced by a variable beam knife. An integrated water chiller is available as an option. Thanks to the state-of-the art solid state pixel detector (55x55 μm pitch), the ARL X’TRA Companion provides very fast data collection and comes with single-click Rietveld quantification capabilities and automated result transmission to a LIMS (Laboratory Information Management System) seamless integrated into Thermo Scientific™ SolstiX™ Pronto instrument control software.<h4>Your benefits&nbsp;</h4>The ARL X’TRA Companion XRD workflow delivers answers in minutes, quantifying MgO, α-Al₂O₃, and MgAl₂O₄ while resolving Ca–Si silicates and trace Fe-spinels. Subtle differences between corundum and spinel are cleanly separated, and LOI drivers—carbonates, brucite, and Mg-sulfates—are identified and trended. These insights let you compute spinel potential, anticipate pore-closing expansion, and set the right pre-dry / prefire schedule to avoid spalling. You can clearly distinguish mid-grade, ore-derived feeds from premium low-silica materials, tighten incoming QA, and optimize formulations for cement/lime kilns, tundish linings, and other carbon-free basic applications.

News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 07, 2026

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezICPMS Library in the week of 2nd March 2026? Check out new documents from the field of spectroscopy/spectrometry and related techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT SPECTROSCOPY/SPECTROMETRY RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezGCMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you application notes by Agilent Technologies, Metrohm, Shimadzu and Thermo Fisher Scientific!<h3>1. Agilent Technologies: Routine Analysis of Rare Earth Elements in Basalt using ICP-MS</h3>Accurate, precise, and stable results in a basalt sample matrix with the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=7850+ICP-MS">Agilent 7850 ICP-MS</a> in helium collision mode&nbsp;<ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_rare_earth_metals_7850_icp_ms_5994_8963en_agilent_07d5eb637c.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Rare Earth Elements (REEs) play a vital role in numerous industrial applications, including advanced materials, electronics, renewable energy technologies, and geochemical research.1 Precise and routine quantification of REEs in geological matrices such as basalt is essential for understanding magmatic processes, resource assessment, and environmental monitoring. ICP-MS is suitable for the analysis of trace REEs in basalt. However, the sample poses significant analytical challenges due to its complex matrix, high concentrations of major elements, and the risk of polyatomic interferences such as oxides and hydroxides of barium (Ba) and REEs that can compromise accuracy.1–3 Because it contains high levels of alumina, silica, and refractory metals, basalt can also compromise plasma robustness due to matrix-induced signal suppression.Various techniques have been used to measure REEs in geological samples, including multicollector (MC-) ICP-MS detection following α-hydroxyisobutyric acid (HIBA) separation.4 Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) offers excellent sensitivity for many lanthanides (and long lived actinides like thorium and uranium) but is constrained by long irradiation times and the need to access nuclear reactors.5 Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometry (TIMS) provides highly precise isotopic measurements; however, it requires complex sample preparation and is unsuitable for routine multi-element analysis.6 Laser Ablation ICP-MS (LA-ICP-MS) enables direct, spatially resolved measurements of geological samples but demands careful matrix matching of standards and is sensitive to variations in ablation behavior.7 High-Resolution ICP-MS (HR-ICP-MS) improves spectral resolution, yet its high cost, lower throughput, and operational complexity limit its widespread use. While these techniques remain valuable for specialized applications, they often fall short when laboratories require rapid, routine, and interference-free determination of lanthanides and actinides in rock matrices.&nbsp;ICP-MS has become the preferred technique for routine REE analysis due to its exceptional sensitivity, wide linear dynamic range, and multi-element capability. In this study, REE measurements were performed using an Agilent 7850 ICP-MS with an Agilent SPS 4 autosampler and controlled using Agilent ICP-MS MassHunter software. A preset method enabled the accurate and precise determination of 16 lanthanide and actinide elements in a single run, supporting high sample throughput. The 7850 includes Octopole Reaction System (ORS⁴) cell technology and optimized helium (He) collision mode to effectively remove polyatomic ion interferences using Kinetic Energy Discrimination (KED). Common interferences can be eliminated by the 7850 using default He KED tuning conditions, ensuring reliable analysis in complex matrices.8,9 As polyatomic ions pass through the ORS⁴ cell with an optimized helium flow, their larger collisional cross sections cause them to lose more kinetic energy via frequent collisions. Upon exiting the cell, these lower energy polyatomic ions are filtered out by the KED barrier, while analyte ions retain enough energy to pass through the quadrupole for detection by the electron multiplier detector. This process enables accurate multi element analysis using a single gas mode.<h4>Experimental&nbsp;</h4><h5>Instrumentation&nbsp;</h5>The <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=7850+ICP-MS">Agilent 7850 ICP-MS</a> equipped with the ORS4 cell and an Agilent SPS 4 autosampler was used for all the measurements of the basalt sample. (The same 7850 ICP-MS setup is also installed at Geochemistry and Geochronology facility of the Institute of Seismological Research, India.) Because ammonium fluoride (NH4 F) was used during sample preparation, the 7850 ICP-MS was fitted with the optional PFA kit and platinum sampling and skimmer cones. All 16 elements were measured using one set of He KED collision cell mode conditions. He KED ensures effective control of most background and matrix-based polyatomic interferences, such as ArO, ArCl, and BaO. The instrument was controlled using ICP-MS MassHunter software. Typical instrument operating parameters are listed in Table 1. The highlighted parameters were predefined by selecting the General Purpose preset method, while lens voltages were automatically tuned for optimal performance using the software’s autotune feature.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>The Agilent 7850 ICP-MS successfully quantified all 16 lanthanides and actinide elements in the basalt CRM using a single helium KED cell method. The use of a General Purpose preset method and automated lens tuning routine within the Agilent ICP-MS MassHunter software streamlined the analytical workflow, minimizing instrument setup time and ensuring consistent instrument performance. These ease of use features simplified instrument operation while maintaining accurate, interference free results. Internal standard stability over three hours of continuous operation demonstrated the robustness of the 7850 under routine, high throughput conditions. This level of instrument stability is important for maintaining productivity, as it reduces drift, QC failures, sample reanalysis, and instrument maintenance. The 7850 ICP-MS method supports laboratories conducting routine, high-throughput multi-element analyses of demanding geological matrices.<h3>2. Metrohm: Flour analysis by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)</h3>NIR flour analysis determines moisture, protein, ash, gluten, starch, and rheological properties within seconds<ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_nir_123_download_f35ec480b3.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Monitoring ash content, along with key quality parameters such as protein and moisture content, can significantly enhance the milling yield of flour. Next to these chemical parameters, rheological parameters like baking strength or tenacity influence the product quality. Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy enables chemical-free quality control of both chemical and rheological parameters, producing results within seconds. This simple, efficient, and rapid analysis method is ideal for continuous quality checks and can be implemented in laboratory settings or atline, requiring minimal training for effective use.<h4>EXPERIMENTAL EQUIPMENT&nbsp;</h4>A total of 237 flour samples, including wheat flour, spelt flour, and other types, were analyzed on a <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=220&amp;search=omnis+nir">Metrohm OMNIS NIR Analyzer Solid</a> (Figure 1) with the large cup OMNIS NIR, 100 mm and OMNIS software. The samples were filled into the sample cup and analyzed in diffuse reflection mode. To include sample variety, the sample cup rotated during measurement to collect spectra from different locations. The automatically averaged spectra were used for model development. Reference values for moisture, protein, and ash content were obtained with the respective primary methods: moisture analysis followed AOAC 953.10, protein according to AOAC 2001.11, and ash content followed AOAC 923.03.<h4>CONCLUSION</h4>This Application Note shows the feasibility of using NIR spectroscopy for the analysis of several quality parameters in flour. With no chemicals involved, nearinfrared spectroscopy is an ideal way to avoid timeconsuming sample preparation and reduce costs. NIRS instruments from Metrohm allow users to not only to monitor the flour milling process, but also to predict the rheological properties of the dough the flour is produced with.<h3>3. Shimadzu: Observation of Expansion/Contraction Process of Bubbles in PVA Gel</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_00855_en_d5da0bf713.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul><h4>User Benefits</h4><ul><li>The <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=HPV-X3">HPV-X3</a>, with a maximum framerate of 20 Mfps, is suitable for observation of high-speed phenomena such as cavitation.</li><li>The HPV-X3 provides 3 times higher resolution than the conventional device, enabling detailed observation.</li><li>Since the image sensor of HPV-X3 is burst-type, the HPV-X3 enables image acquisition with constant resolution, regardless of the recording speed.</li></ul>When laser-induced shock waves and cavitation are applied in the medical field, it isimportant to understand the actual phenomena. Here, a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) gel was irradiated with a laser, and the condition of the shock wave and cavitation generated upon laser light condensation (LC) was observed. PVA gel has high biocompatibility and is known as a promising biomaterial which is suitable for tissue mimicking. In this experiment, the newlydeveloped Hyper Vision HPV-X3 high-speed video camera was used to observe bubble expansion/contraction in PVA gel. In comparison with the conventional device, the recording speed (framerate) of the HPV-X3 is 2 times faster. The new HPV-X3 also provides 3 times higher resolution, supporting more detailed observation.<h4>Comparison of HPV-X3 and HPV-X2</h4>Fig. 2 shows images captured by the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=HPV-X3">HPV-X3</a> and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=HPV-X2">HPV-X2</a>. The images show the condition of the bubble and shock wave after laser irradiation captured at 500 kfps (HP mode of HPV-X2). As can be seen in Fig. 2 (a) and (b), assuming the same device composition, the HPV-X3 can capture a wider field due to its larger sensor size. In Fig. 2 (c), the image has been partially cropped from Fig. 2 (b) to show the same field of view as the HPV-X2. It can be understood that the information in the cropped image is also clearer due to the three-fold improvement of the resolution of the HPV-X3. Thus, when a wide field of view is captured in order to check the phenomena and the image is then cropped to show only the phenomenon of interest, the HPV-X3 is the more suitable device thanks to its excellent resolution.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>Hyper Vision and HPV are trademarks of Shimadzu Corporation or its affiliated companies in Japan and/or other countries. Using the new HPV-X3 high-speed video camera, the expansion/contraction of a bubble and shock wave when a laser was irradiated on PVA gel were observed. Because the resolution of the HPV-X3 is 3 times higher than that of the conventional device, resolution is adequate, and it is possible to obtain clear and distinct images, even when a wide angle of view is observed and the image is partially cropped. The HPV-X3 also has a maximum recording speed of 20 Mfps, which enabled detailed observation of the shock wave and the process of bubble collapse.<h3>4. Thermo Fisher Scientific: Analysis of rare earth elements in clay using XRF and XRD</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/analysis_of_rare_earth_elements_an41526_en_df78e144e1.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Rare earth elements (REEs) are 17 elements used in dozens of high-tech applications. The global demand for REEs has surged in recent years, driven by advancements in technology and the transition towards green energy solutions. REE magnets are compact, efficient, and hard to replace. Electric vehicles (EVs) and wind power are the main growth industries for these use cases.&nbsp;Although rare earth elements are relatively abundant in the earth’s crust, they are rarely concentrated into mineable ore deposits. REEs are associated with alkaline rocks, carbonatite (bastnäsite, monazite, parisite, and synchysite), pegmatite, and placer deposits (residual deposits formed from deep weathering) and are often discovered via geochemical exploration. They may also be absorbed in clay minerals or ion adsorption clays (IACs) such as kaolinite, illite and smectite. The ores of rare earth elements are mineralogically and chemically complex and commonly radioactive. REE mining is challenging because REEs are concentrated in more than one mineral, and each mineral requires a different costly extraction technology and mineral processing.&nbsp;For companies operating in REE exploration and mining, the accuracy of geochemical analysis is critical to assess the viability of deposits, respectively targeting REE rich areas for extraction. The Thermo Scientific™ ARL™ X’TRA Companion X-ray Diffractometer detects and quantifies mineral phases that contain REEs such as kaolinite, smectite, monazite and bastnasite. Thermo Scientific™ ARL™ PERFORM’X WDXRF Spectrometer on the other hand provides fast, accurate major/minor oxides analysis on the REE ores.<h4>Instrument and software&nbsp;</h4>The <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2296">ARL X’TRA Companion X-Ray Diffractometer</a> (Figure 1) is a simple, easy-to-use benchtop instrument for routine phase analysis as well as more advanced applications. The ARL X’TRA Companion XRD uses a θ/θ goniometer (160 mm radius) in Bragg-Brentano geometry coupled with a 600 W X-ray source (Cu or Co). The radial and axial collimation of the beam is controlled by divergence and Soller slits, while air scattering is reduced by a variable beam knife. An integrated water chiller is available as an option. Thanks to the state-of-the art solid state pixel detector (55x55 μm pitch), the ARL X’TRA Companion XRD provides very fast data collection and comes with single-click Rietveld quantification capabilities and automated result transmission to a LIMS (Laboratory Information Management System). Both capabilities are seamlessly integrated into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2297">Thermo Scientific™ SolstiX™ Pronto Instrument Control Software</a>.&nbsp;The <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/1211">ARL PERFORM’X series spectrometer</a> (Figure 2) used in this analysis was a 2500-watt system. This system is configured with 6 primary beam filters, 4 collimators, up to nine crystals, two detectors and our 5GN+ Rh X-ray tube for best performance from ultra- light to heaviest elements thanks to its 50 microns Be window. This innovative, ultralight X-ray tube fitted with a low current filament ensures an unequalled analytical stability month after month. When paired with industry-leading Thermo Scientific™ UniQuant™ Software the ARL PERFORM’X spectrometer provides the best limits of detection and accuracy in standardless analysis up to element Am.<h4>Your benefits&nbsp;</h4>The ARL X’TRA Companion XRD workflow delivers answers in a few minutes, quantifying the mineral phases available in the ion adsorption clay samples. Users are able to identify the type of mineral phases associated with REEs such as kaolinite, halloysite, smectite, illite. They are also able to verify the ion adsorption clay (IAC) mechanism due to absence of monazite/ xenotime peaks &amp; availability of kaolinite &amp; smectite which supports ion-adsorbed REE.&nbsp;ARL PERFORM’X WDXRF spectrometer together with UniQuant standardless analysis software enables the users to screen through REE ores for up to 79 elements without the need for conventional calibrations. Well suited for mining ore analysis which will have varying sample matrices. UniQuant software is fully calibrated and installed from the factory. Hence the ARL PERFORM’X spectrometer is ready to perform meaningful analysis of unknown samples directly after installation at the customer’s site.

News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 10, 2026

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezICPMS Library in the week of 15th June 2026? Check out new documents from the field of spectroscopy/spectrometry and related techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT SPECTROSCOPY/SPECTROMETRY RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezGCMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you technical note by Agilent Technologies, application note by Shimadzu and other document by Thermo Fisher Scientific!<h3>1. Agilent Technologies: Smooth Migration from Single Quadrupole ICP-MS to the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=9500">Agilent 9500 ICP-QQQ</a></h3>Automated method transfer using the Batch Conversion Tool of Agilent OpenLab ICP-MS software<ul><li>Technical note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/te_batch_conversion_tool_9500_icp_ms_5994_9214en_agilent_0a1bba76e2.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Transitioning from a single quadrupole (SQ) ICP-MS to a triple quadrupole ICP-MS (ICP-QQQ) might appear daunting or disruptive, usually requiring the redevelopment of analytical methods and workflows. Users often wonder if they can reuse existing batches and whether routine processes will be interrupted during this switch.&nbsp;Switching from SQ ICP-MS to the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=9500">Agilent 9500 ICP-QQQ</a> involves minimal disruption. Agilent provides a solution that enables smooth, automated transfer of existing SQ ICP-MS methods to the 9500 ICP-QQQ, all while preserving the current batch logic and analytical purpose.This note explains how the Batch Conversion Tool in Agilent OpenLab ICP-MS software facilitates automated batch conversion. It allows users to seamlessly transition from SQ ICP-MS to the 9500 ICP-QQQ without needing to rebuild methods or alter their existing workflows.&nbsp;Three key aspects of method migration are addressed in this document:&nbsp;<ul><li>The design concept and conversion behavior of the Batch Conversion Tool, detailing which batch elements are preserved or adapted during conversion.&nbsp;</li><li>It also explains the rationale behind the available conversion options and how the advanced cell technologies of the 9500, such as Advanced Helium Mode (AHM) and Air cell mode, support operational continuity and potential performance improvements after migration.&nbsp;</li><li>Additionally, it outlines a typical end-to-end migration workflow, including methods for reviewing the postconversion process and assessing data quality using built-in indicators.&nbsp;</li></ul>These points collectively show that switching from SQ ICP-MS to the 9500 ICP-QQQ can be seamless. They also illustrate how to carry out method transfer in a controlled and transparent manner, providing a practical framework for refining the method when necessary.<h4>What is the Batch Conversion Tool?&nbsp;</h4>The Batch Conversion Tool is a feature of OpenLab ICP-MS software that transforms batches created for Agilent SQ ICP-MS systems into formats compatible with the 9500 ICP-QQQ (see Figure 1).&nbsp;Batches made for <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=7700">Agilent 7700</a>, <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=7800">7800</a>, <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=7850">7850</a>, and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=7900">7900 </a>ICP-MS instruments using Agilent ICP-MS MassHunter or OpenLab ICP-MS software can be imported and converted. During this process, the tool applies predefined rules to produce a batch suitable for the 9500, all while maintaining the original batch setup.&nbsp;These conversion rules are based on Agilent’s over 10 years of experience in ICP-QQQ development and applications. By harnessing this expertise, the Batch Conversion Tool automatically implements optimal measurement conditions and reaction strategies for each analyte, ensuring strong interference control and consistent analytical performance post-migration.Manually recreating batch components like element selections, isotope settings, and QC configurations can be time-consuming. Alternatively, the Batch Conversion Tool automates this process, usually finishing within seconds.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>The Batch Conversion Tool in Agilent OpenLab ICP-MS software allows for easy, automated transfer of existing SQ ICP-MS batches to the Agilent 9500 ICP-QQQ, without affecting current analytical workflows.&nbsp;By maintaining batch structure and analytical intent, users can switch to the 9500 ICP-QQQ without needing to rebuild methods or disrupt daily operations. The tool also offers structured conversion options to help users harness the advanced features of the 9500 platform.&nbsp;Additionally, migration from non-Agilent ICP-MS systems can be streamlined through element list import via the Method Advisor, providing an efficient way to create methods when transitioning to Agilent equipment. Overall, moving from SQ ICP-MS to the 9500 ICP-QQQ is a smooth, controlled process that ensures continuity and offers opportunities for method enhancement.<h3>2. Shimadzu: Static Puncture Strength of Geotextile Products Usinga 50mmProbe</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_07_2603_en_2470aa6ee5.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Geotextiles are permeable geosynthetic materials, typically made from polypropylene or polyester, available in woven and non-woven forms. They provide separation, filtration, drainage, and reinforcement, improving soil stability, load distribution, and the durability of infrastructure such as roads, railways, embankments, landfills, and retaining structures.&nbsp;During transportation, installation, and service geotextiles can be exposed to concentrated loads and sharp objects which can reduce the effectiveness of materials therefore puncture resistance is a critical parameter for evaluating geotextile durability. The puncture resistance of geotextiles are commonly determined as per ASTM D62411) and ISO 122362), which measures the force required to penetrate the fabrics using a standard plunger. Overall, puncture resistance testing plays a vital role in ensuring the long-term durability and reliability of geotextilesin demanding engineering applications.&nbsp;The <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=AGS-X2">Shimadzu AGS-X2 series Universal Testing Machine </a>is a high-precision universal testing system designed for accurate evaluation of mechanical properties such as tensile, compression, and puncture resistance. It features advanced control technology, high data acquisition rates, and reliable load measurement, ensuring consistent and reproducible results. The system is operated using TRAPEZIUMX-V software, enabling efficient test control, data acquisition, and analysis that complies with national and international standards.<h4>2. Test Method&nbsp;</h4>The test was conducted on the non-woven geotextile using the AGS-50kNX2D UTM, shown in the Figure 1. Two different samples (1000 and 400 GSM) were procured from the market and five specimens were prepared from various areas of each sample. Table 1 shows testing apparatus and test conditions and Figure 2 shows the typical clamping and loading system.<h4>4. Conclusion</h4>The test results are consistent across multiple specimens and exhibit gradual deformation behavior. This indicates that the material can withstand high penetration forces without sudden failure, demonstrating its ability to effectively resist localized stresses.&nbsp;Geotextiles are available in different GSM values, representing mass per unit area and directly influence their mechanical and physical performance. Lower GSM geotextiles are lighter, flexible and lower thickness making them suitable for applications involving moderate loads. In contrast higher GSM geotextiles are thicker and denser, offering significantly higher puncture resistance and making them suitable for heavy duty applications.&nbsp;The Shimadzu’s universal testing machine AGS-X2 series demonstrated accurate, stable, and repeatable performance for conducting puncture resistance testing in accordance with ASTM D6241 and ISO 12236. The system provided precise control of crosshead speed, reliable load measurement, and clear identification of the initial peak load as required by the standard. The high-resolution load–displacement data acquisition enabled accurate determination of puncture strength and displacement at maximum force. Overall, the Shimadzu system ensures compliance with ASTM D6241 and ISO 12236 requirements and offers a dependable solution for quality control, research, and material comparison of geotextiles.¨<h3>3. Thermo Fisher Scientific: Small parts analysis with the Niton Apollo LIBS Analyzer</h3><ul><li>Other document (Smart note)</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/small_parts_analysis_with_the_niton_apollo_libs_analyzer_sn1608_en_c69d4c0695.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Small parts and precision components are critical to product quality and safety. Their limited surface areas and complex geometries make them some of the most challenging items to analyze accurately. Traditional optical emission spectroscopy (OES) delivers excellent accuracy but often lacks the portability needed for challenging environments.&nbsp;The <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2000">Thermo Scientific™ Niton™ Apollo™ Handheld Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) Analyzer</a> changes the equation by delivering accurate analysis of steel and stainless steel in a portable format.<h4>A lower cost of ownership, with repeatability and reliability you can trust&nbsp;</h4>For industries where a single incorrect part can have significant consequences, consistency is crucial. The Apollo analyzer delivers the dependable features you need, in a unit designed to save users time and money over the long term:&nbsp;<ul><li>Carbon detection – Detects carbon for equivalent carbon content (C.E.) for welding &amp; L/H grade ID of stainless steel&nbsp;</li><li>Efficient argon use – Optimized purge minimizes gas consumption.&nbsp;</li><li>Reduced downtime – Portable OES-like accuracy eliminates long lab lead time.</li><li>Rugged durability – Field-ready build lowers repair and replacement costs.&nbsp;</li><li>Ease of training – Intuitive interface reduces errors and onboarding costs.</li><li>Designed to perform – Reliable data across a wide range of finishes and geometries&nbsp;</li></ul>By combining technical performance with durability and efficiency, the Apollo analyzer delivers the lowest total cost of ownership in its class.&nbsp;<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>The Niton Apollo LIBS analyzer sets the standard for small parts analysis. With its unique argon seal and updated small nose design, it delivers repeatable, OES-like accuracy unmatched by any other handheld LIBS device for the analysis of steel and stainless-steel including carbon. Add in a lower total cost of ownership, and the Apollo analyzer becomes the clear choice for manufacturers and inspectors who demand precision, reliability, and value.

News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 25, 2026

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezICPMS Library in the week of 20th July 2026? Check out new documents from the field of spectroscopy/spectrometry and related techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT SPECTROSCOPY/SPECTROMETRY RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezGCMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you application notes by Agilent Technologies, Shimadzu and Thermo Fisher Scientific!<h3>1. Agilent Technologies: Analysis of Elemental Impurities in GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Oral Tablets by ICP-MS</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_glp_1_receptor_tablets_7850_icp_ms_5994_9317en_agilent_c355750808.pdf">Full PDF for download</a>&nbsp;</li></ul>Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists represent a rapidly expanding class of therapeutics for the management of type 2 diabetes and chronic weight management. While many approved GLP-1 receptor agonists are administered by subcutaneous injections, oral formulations are generating significant clinical and commercial interest. However, formulating peptide-based therapeutics as oral solid dosage forms introduces additional manufacturing complexity, including the need for permeation enhancers, excipients, and coating materials. Each of these components presents a potential source of elemental impurity contamination. International or national-based regulatory authorities are responsible for ensuring that pharmaceutical products are both effective and safe for use. Control of elemental impurities in drug products is governed by the International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) Guideline for Elemental Impurities, Revision 2 (Q3D(R2))1 and United States Pharmacopeia (USP) &lt;232&gt;/&lt;233&gt; (Elemental Impurities — Limits and Procedures)2,3 using ICP-OES- or ICP-MS-based instrumental methods.The USP chapters classify 24 elemental impurities in three classes based on toxicity and probability of occurrence, with permitted daily exposure (PDE) limits defined by route of administration. Analytical method validation follows ICH Q2(R2) (Validation of Analytical Procedures, 2023)4 and the harmonized USP &lt;1225&gt; (Validation of Compendial Procedures)5 , with system suitability criteria defined in USP &lt;233&gt;.3 ICH Q2(R2) provides updated guidance on the validation of analytical procedures that is applicable to biological- and biotechnology-derived products. The revised guideline offers clearer guidance on complex therapeutics, such as peptide-based biotherapeutics, including GLP-1 receptor agonists—an area not specifically addressed in the earlier Q2(R1) framework.&nbsp;In this study, an analytical method was developed and validated in accordance with USP &lt;232&gt;/&lt;233&gt; and ICH Q3D(R2)/Q2(R2). The method enables quantitative determination of all 24 regulated elemental impurities in an oral tablet of a GLP-1 receptor agonist using an <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=7850">Agilent 7850 ICP-MS</a>. The instrument features an integrated fourthgeneration Octopole Reaction System (ORS4) collision cell, which was operated in helium (He) mode to provide robust suppression of matrix-derived polyatomic interferences affecting the analytes. Data were acquired to evaluate drift/ stability, detectability, precision (repeatability and intermediate precision), specificity, accuracy, and linearity. <h4>Results and discussion&nbsp;</h4>Before being used for limit or quantitative procedures, the analytical instrument and method must meet performance criteria defined in ICH Q2(R2) and USP &lt;233&gt;. System suitability—verified by confirming that results remain stable (drift ≤ 20%) throughout the analytical run—must be demonstrated on the day of analysis. Separately, USP &lt;233&gt; requires procedure validation to demonstrate fitness for purpose: detectability, precision, and specificity for Limit Procedures; and accuracy, precision/repeatability, intermediate precision (ruggedness), specificity, limit of quantitation, linearity and range (demonstrated across 0.5–1.5 J) for Quantitative Procedures.<h4>Speciation considerations for As and Hg&nbsp;</h4>For some elements, toxicity is highly dependent on their chemical form. Of the analytes listed in the ICH/USP regulations, As and Hg are of particular concern. The PDE limit for both elements refers to their inorganic forms because inorganic As is the most toxic, and inorganic Hg is considered the most likely form to be present in pharmaceutical materials.&nbsp;If the measured total As concentration exceeds the target concentration, USP &lt;232&gt; suggests that a speciation analysis is performed using LC-ICP-MS to allow independent quantification of inorganic As. If inorganic As is found to be below the limit, the material would be considered compliant even if total As exceeds the limit. The speciation of Hg should be established if the test material is likely to contain the more toxic methyl Hg species (for example, ingredients sourced from marine-derived materials). Otherwise, compliance is established by determining total Hg.&nbsp;In this study, only trace-level Li (0.23 ppb) and Ni (0.07 ppb) were detected in the sample blank. All other elements were below the IDLs. Therefore, speciation analysis on As and Hg was not required. However, the 7850 ICP-MS can be easily integrated with an Agilent LC system for routine speciation analysis if needed.7<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>This study demonstrates the suitability of the Agilent 7850 ICP-MS for the identification and quantification of 24 regulated elemental impurities in a GLP-1 receptor agonist oral tablet formulation, prepared by microwave digestion. The instrument’s ORS4 collision cell was operated in helium mode, providing robust, non-specific attenuation of matrixderived polyatomic interferences. The method successfully met the limit and accuracy requirements specified in USP &lt;232&gt;/&lt;233&gt; and ICH Q3D(R2)/Q2(R2) guidelines, ensuring reliable multi-element quantification of GLP-1 tablets without the need for element-specific method optimization. For pharmaceutical QC laboratories, the Agilent ICP-MS MassHunter instrument control software assisted in developing the workflow, reducing the time and effort required to establish a compliant analytical method. The preset ICH/USP method template, automated J-value calculation, and built-in system suitability reporting eliminated manual configuration steps, making it easier for different analysts to use the instrument. The software also enables method transfer across sites. The demonstrated eight-hour signal stability performance of the 7850 ICP-MS further supports high-throughput batch testing in routine manufacturing QC environments.&nbsp;As ICH Q2(R2) provides improved clarity for validating analytical procedures used with peptide based therapeutics, including GLP 1 receptor agonists, this application note provides a regulation-ready reference method. The workflow can be directly adopted or adapted for oral solid dosage forms containing active peptide ingredients, supporting faster regulatory submissions and reducing analytical development timelines.<h3>2. Shimadzu: State Analysis of Iron Oxides in Sintered Ore for Steel Manufacturing after Hydrogen Reduction</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_01029_en_ca7771b317.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul><h5>User Benefits</h5><ul><li>The mineral structure of sintered ore can be investigated by quantitative mapping of Al, Mg, Si, Ca, and Fe.&nbsp;</li><li>EPMA analysis is a useful technique in research on the composition of the calcium ferrite phase due to differences in the reduction reaction depending on the furnace temperature.&nbsp;</li><li>Investigation of the oxidation state of iron is useful in study of the production conditions for sintered ore, such as oxidation and reduction.</li></ul>Foreign matter in CMP* slurrReduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions is being promoted with the aim of achieving carbon neutrality in 2050. In the hydrogen reduction ironmaking process, iron ore is reduced with hydrogen (H2) in place of coke (C), forming water (H2O) instead of CO2, thereby reducing CO2 emissions. Targeting a reduction of 10 % or more in CO2 emissions, research on a hydrogen reduction technology using hydrogen in the blast furnace is now underway in the Japanese national project COURSE50, focusing on reduction of the heat requirement and optimization of the reaction conditions of the raw materials, together with circulating use of gas with a regenerated reduction capacity, by promoting hydrogen reduction, which is a smaller endothermic reaction than direct reduction by coke. Development of a Super COURSE50 technology has also begun, and will make it possible to inject a larger amount of hydrogen into the blast furnace. This article introduces a state analysis of the iron oxides in sintered ore, which was carried out by measuring the detailed spectra of micro-regions in sintered iron ore after hydrogen reduction using an EPMA electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA8050G).<h4>Phase Analysis of Sintered Ore after Hydrogen Reduction</h4>To identify differences in the oxidation valence, the element distribution images in Fig. 3 show oxygen (O) and iron (Fe) by the mass percentage concentration (wt%) of the simple elements. Fig. 4 (a) and (c) are Fe-O scatter diagrams showing the positions of the compounds by the theoretical concentration of iron oxide under low temperature and high temperature reduction, respectively. In Fig. 4 (a), the symbols 〇 and ▼ represent hematite (Fe2O3) and magnetite (Fe3O4), respectively, while in Fig. 4 (c), clusters (point-sets) can be seen in regions showing ☒ wustite (FeO) and compounds of iron (Fe). Fig. 4 (b) and (d) are phase diagrams in which filters were set by the Fe-O scatter diagrams (see Related Applications 3). In the phase diagrams, the purple regions are hematite, red regions are magnetite, green regions are wustite, dark blue regions are iron, yellow regions are magnesia ferrite, blue regions are calcium ferrite, and yellowgreen regions are slag. The sintered ore contains hematite and magnetite before reduction, but in the reduction reactions at the different furnace temperatures, the species of iron oxides are different depending on the furnace temperature. From the element distribution images and phase diagrams, it can be understood that metallic iron (Fe) has formed in the sintered ore subjected to hydrogen reduction at the high temperature of 1000 ˚C. The light blue region in Fig. 4 (d) is considered to be slag.<h4>Conclusion</h4>Quantitative mapping analysis and phase analysis of sintered ores after hydrogen reduction can be used not only in identification of iron oxide species and calcium ferrite, but also in structural analysis and research and development of the reduction process by utilizing state analysis from the detailed spectra of micro-regions.&nbsp;<h3>3. Thermo Fisher Scientific: Accurate analysis of major components and trace level impurities in cathode active materials used in lithium ion battery production</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_003968_analysis_impurities_cathode_active_materials_lithium_ion_battery_production_an003968_na_en_97783566af.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) provide a compact and versatile solution for energy storage, powering everything from consumer electronics to electric vehicles (EVs) and large-scale energy systems. Currently, they are the most important power storage materials for EVs due to their power density and life cycle performance. The performance, longevity, and safety of a battery heavily depends on the purity and the composition of the components, especially the cathode material.&nbsp;To meet the required performance criteria (i.e., long battery lifetime and maximum achievable charge capacity), it is important to monitor not only the concentration ratio of the main components (typically nickel, manganese, cobalt, and lithium in nickel manganese cobalt (NMC) batteries), but also trace impurities in both the precursor materials and the finished products. In general, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is the preferred analytical technique for the analysis of metals and related contaminants at low levels (sub μg·L-1). However, the analysis of samples containing higher levels of total dissolved solids (TDS, typically above 0.5% weight/volume (w/v)) is a known challenge in ICP-MS. The complexity of the sample matrix can significantly affect the sensitivity of the instrument, cause intensity fluctuation (suppression and drift), and lead to increased system maintenance with unwanted downtime due to clogging of the interface cone orifices, torch injector, or nebulizer. Diluting high matrix samples with argon gas allows direct placement on the autosampler, eliminating the need for manual, time-consuming, off-line dilution.&nbsp;A further challenge for the analysis of battery materials such as cathodes when using conventional, single quadrupole ICP-MS is the presence of polyatomic interferences generated by the principal components of the samples. For example, in addition to the well-known argon-based interferences, arsenic can be affected by a cobalt-based interference (59Co16O+). Since arsenic is monoisotopic at m/z 75, removal of this interference is crucial for accurate data. Furthermore, nickel oxide-based interferences can impact the determination of selenium using a single quadrupole ICP-MS system.&nbsp;This application note describes an optimized analytical method for the analysis of nickel, manganese, and cobalt (NMC) based cathode materials. To overcome the analytical challenges described above, a triple quadrupole ICP-MS instrument, the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/1488">Thermo Scientific™ iCAP™ MTX ICP-MS</a>, was employed for the analysis. Use of triple quadrupole technology offered superior interference removal, and operation using Argon Gas Dilution (AGD) facilitated direct analysis of the samples derived from the digestion process. Adverse effects caused by the introduction of high matrix containing samples, such as more frequent maintenance, can also be reduced, thanks to the use of AGD. This enables more efficient laboratory workflow.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>The iCAP MTX ICP-MS enables analysts to perform accurate and reliable elemental analysis in challenging samples such as digested cathode active materials. The proposed analytical method was evaluated for performance, and the results obtained clearly demonstrate the following analytical advantages for battery cathode sample analysis:&nbsp;<ul><li>The use of argon gas dilution (AGD) allows the direct analysis of acid digested samples so that labor-intensive manual sample dilutions can be omitted. At the same time, there is no increased need for system maintenance.&nbsp;</li><li>Using oxygen as a reactive gas in TQ-O₂ mode enabled sensitive, interference-free analysis of all analytes, including challenging ones like sulfur and arsenic.&nbsp;</li><li>Excellent CCV recovery and spike recovery results, as well as stable and consistent internal standards response, were obtained, demonstrating the reliability of the method<acknowledgement>The authors wish to express their heartfelt gratitude to Prof. Taichi Murakami of Tohoku University Graduate School of Environmental Studies (GSES) for his generous cooperation in providing the samples and instructions regarding the data analysis in the preparation of this Application News article.</acknowledgement></li></ul>

News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 30, 2026

This study evaluates how microwave digestion temperature, time, and power affect the extraction and ICP-MS determination of Pb, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Cd, and Hg in apricot flesh, kernels, and shells. Digestion was performed according to EPA Methods 3051A and 3052, and method accuracy was confirmed using certified reference material.The optimized conditions significantly improved extraction efficiency and enabled reliable quantification of toxic elements across the different apricot fractions. Estimated Daily Intake and Hazard Quotient models were also applied to assess potential consumer health risks.<blockquote><h4>The original article</h4><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/acsodf/article/11/25/36454/5162246/The-Effect-of-Microwave-Oven-Extraction">The Effect of Microwave Oven Extraction Temperature, Time, and Power Optimization on the Determination of Heavy Metals in Apricot by ICP-MS&nbsp;</a></h4>Servet Askin; Nevin Çankaya* ; Halim YılmazACS Omega (2026) 11 (25): 36454–36467&nbsp;<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.5c13020">https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.5c13020</a><h6>licensed under <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC-BY 4.0</a></h6></blockquote>Selected sections from the article follow. Formats and hyperlinks were adapted from the original.<div><div>Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) is a species belonging to the genus Prunus, the family Rosaceae, and the order Rosales. (<a href="javascript:;">10</a>) The apricot is a drupe in structure. Anatomically, it consists of four parts: the epicarp, mesocarp, endocarp, and kernel. (<a href="javascript:;">10−13</a>) Heavy metals such as As, Hg, Cd, Se, Zn, Pb, and Cu in apricots, which are consumed as fruit and nuts, can accumulate in the human body during consumption and lead to central nervous system disorders, skeletal system disabilities (osteodystrophy), urinary symptoms associated with renal failure, liver diseases and cancer, gastrointestinal disorders, hypertension, mental disorders in children in early periods, and ulceration. (<a href="javascript:;">14−19</a>) As a result of the MWOD process of foods, Zor found heavy metals in spinach, lettuce, and parsley sold in the Marmara region. (<a href="javascript:;">20</a>) In their study, TokalıoĞlu et al., found heavy metals in flaked red pepper (<a href="javascript:;">21</a>) and Pardinho et al., identified trace elements in the Yerba mate plant by ICP-MS. (<a href="javascript:;">22</a>) Umaz et al. found heavy metals in the topsoil parts of some plant species, (<a href="javascript:;">23</a>) and Magalhâesa et al. identified heavy metals in edible, chia, flax, and coconut oils by ICP-MS measurement as a result of the MWOD process. (<a href="javascript:;">24</a>) A study conducted by Chatterjee reported arsenic compounds in oyster tissue. (<a href="javascript:;">25</a>) Ashoka et al. found trace elements in fish tissue samples, (<a href="javascript:;">26</a>) Lao et al. identified heavy metals in seafood, (<a href="javascript:;">27</a>) and Türkmen et al. found trace elements in fish species in the Mediterranean and Aegean seas by ICP-MS as a result of MWOD. (<a href="javascript:;">28</a>) In studies conducted by Öztürk and Lee et al., using the MWOD process with cow’s milk, they determined major and minor elements in cow’s milk by ICP-MS. (<a href="javascript:;">29, 30</a>) These studies demonstrate the effectiveness of MWOD coupled with ICP-MS for trace element analysis across diverse food matrices. Using the MWOD process, Lee et al. found minor and major elements in rice in Brazil, (<a href="javascript:;">31</a>) and Barnet et al. identified minor and major elements in rice in South Korea by ICP-MS. (<a href="javascript:;">32</a>) Shishov et al. found major and minor elements in tobacco and lettuce leaves, (<a href="javascript:;">33</a>) Bhandari and Amarasiriwardena found trace elements in maple sap, (<a href="javascript:;">34</a>) and Sucharova and Suchara found major and minor elements in peach leaves, spinach, pine leaves, aquatic plants, and lagarosiphon by ICP-MS as a result of the MWOD process. (<a href="javascript:;">35</a>) Using the MWOD process, TokalıoĞlu found major and minor elements in medicinal herbs, (<a href="javascript:;">36</a>) Barbosa et al. detected trace elements in soybean products, (<a href="javascript:;">37</a>) Komorowicz et al. identified arsenic in mushroom species, (<a href="javascript:;">38</a>) and Bengü et al. found major and minor elements in honey by ICP-MS. (<a href="javascript:;">39</a>)</div><div>In microwave-assisted ultraviolet (UV) acid digestion, Hartwig et al. identified Ni, Pd, and Pt elements as catalysts in the production of margarine oils, (<a href="javascript:;">40</a>) and Aydin identified major and minor elements in wool by ICP-MS-OES. (<a href="javascript:;">41</a>) In a study conducted by Chen et al. on the quantitative identification of major and minor elements in oranges, they used the MWOD process and the ICP-MS device. (<a href="javascript:;">42</a>)</div><div>This study analyzed major and minor elements separately in orange seeds, orange pulp, and orange peel. The results showed that orange is rich in Mg, K, and Ca elements. The highest amount of Mg was found in orange peel, while the highest amount of K element was found in the seeds. As, Cd, and Pb elements were found at low concentrations in orange. The wet digestion method was used for the identification of K, Mg, Ca, Cu, Zn, Fe, and Mn minerals in IĞdır apricot flesh by AAS, and the following concentrations were found, respectively: K: 262.20–144.86, Mg: 14.54–8.39, Ca: 13.66–7.53, Cu: 0.27–0.11, Zn: 0.15–0.06, Fe: 1.06–0.37, and Mn: 0.09–0.04 mg 100 g–1; whereas they were 74.5–467.6, 164.53–126.86, 40.63–30.46, 1.51–1.05, 2.39–2.01, 2.91–2.11, 0.53–0.36 mg 100g–1, respectively, in the apricot kernel. (<a href="javascript:;">43</a>)In this context, the present study applies EPA Methods 3051A (<a href="javascript:;">57</a>) and 3052 (<a href="javascript:;">58</a>) to determine heavy metal concentrations in the Şalak apricot variety. Microwave digestion parameters (time, temperature, and power) were optimized, and Pb, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Cd, and Hg concentrations were quantified using ICP-MS. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS to evaluate differences among apricot parts. Furthermore, the study aims to assess potential synergistic or additive effects of heavy metals and to evaluate associated health risks using Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) and Hazard Quotient (HQ) models. (<a href="javascript:;">54, 55, 59, 60</a>)<h4>2. Material and Method</h4><h5>2.3. Chemicals and Tools Used</h5>Apricot samples were digested using a microwave digestion system. Suprapure reagents including 65% HNO3, 36.5% HCl, and 30% H2O2 (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) were used. The microwave system (ETHOS One, Milestone, Italy) consisted of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-sealed vessels (10–100 mL). Optimum extraction was achieved by microwave digestion (MWOD) with concentrated acid, using temperature (tp), time (tm), and power (pw) parameters in sealed containers. All the analyses were performed by the multielement method using an <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=7700">Agilent 7700 model </a>(Agilent Corporation, USA) and inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Measurement parameters obtained using ICP-MS are given in <a href="javascript:;">Table 1</a>, while microwave digestion parameters are given in <a href="javascript:;">Tables 5</a>, <a href="javascript:;">8</a>, and <a href="javascript:;">11</a>.<h4>3. Results and Discussion</h4><div>After separation and drying of apricot kernel, kernel shell, and flesh samples, comprehensive results were obtained through microwave digestion and ICP-MS analysis. Lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and arsenic (As) are classified as priority toxic elements in international food safety frameworks due to their cumulative toxicity and adverse health effects, even at low exposure levels. (<a href="javascript:;">1, 63</a>) In contrast, copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), and selenium (Se) are essential trace elements with important physiological roles but may pose health risks when intake exceeds recommended limits. Therefore, monitoring both deficiency and excess levels is critical. (<a href="javascript:;">63</a>) The simultaneous evaluation of toxic and essential elements in apricot matrices provides a comprehensive assessment of dietary exposure and potential health risks in line with established food safety guidelines.</div><div>In the literature, studies using ICP-MS have included: a. Solvent method: nitric acid+hydrochloric acid+hydrogen peroxide; b. Use of CRM 414 plankton material for verification. c. Different optimization applications: d. Statistical calculations and verification and evaluation methods. (<a href="javascript:;">18, 21, 22, 26</a>) In addition to these established approaches, the present study was designed based on EPA Method 3052 and its analytical framework, ensuring methodological robustness and reliability. (<a href="javascript:;">57, 58</a>)<h5>3.1. Optimization of Temperature Variation</h5><a href="javascript:;">Table 4</a> shows the experimental parameters used for temperature optimization. <a href="javascript:;">Figure 1</a> presents the ICP-MS measurement results of toxic elements in apricot kernel, kernel shell, and flesh samples after microwave digestion at 180 °C, 200 °C, and 220 °C. The highest values obtained from ICP-MS measurements under these digestion conditions were as follows: Cu: 0.357 mg kg–1, Zn: 6.65 mg kg–1, As: 10.76 μg kg–1, Se: 8.66 μg kg–1, Cd: 21.13 μg kg–1, Hg: 0.45 μg kg–1, and Pb: 1.45 mg kg–1. When compared with World Health Organization (WHO) concentration limits (Cw), Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Hg exceeded the reference values, whereas Se and Pb remained below the limits. (<a href="javascript:;">14</a>) The lowest measured concentrations were 0.08 mg kg–1 (Cu), 0.13 mg kg–1 (Zn), 0.14 μg kg–1 (As), 0.08 μg kg–1 (Se), 1.01 μg kg–1 (Cd), 0.05 μg kg–1 (Hg), and 0.08 mg kg–1 (Pb), respectively. (<a href="javascript:;">14</a>) The results further indicated that the highest Zn concentration (2.278 mg kg–1) was observed in the flesh sample from Site I at 180 °C, whereas the highest Cd concentration (17.466 μg kg–1) was detected in the flesh sample from Site III (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/acsodf/article-supplement/5162246/xlsx/ao5c13020_si_002/">Supporting Information 2</a>). Comparison with previously published data on cornflakes provides additional context for these findings. (<a href="javascript:;">54</a>) In that study, the reported concentrations of As (0.0831 μg kg–1), Cd (0.0636 μg kg–1), Hg (0.0233 μg kg–1), and Pb (0.0689 mg kg–1) were substantially lower than the maximum values obtained in the present study, particularly for Cd and Zn. These differences may be attributed to variations in geographical origin, soil–plant transfer mechanisms, agricultural practices, and analytical procedures, including digestion efficiency and matrix effects.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/ACS_Omega_2026_11_25_36454_36467_Table_4_Parameters_of_the_Temperature_Variation_Optimization_e99d752128.jpg" alt="ACS Omega (2026) 11 (25): 36454–36467: Table 4.Parameters of the Temperature Variation Optimization" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_ACS_Omega_2026_11_25_36454_36467_Table_4_Parameters_of_the_Temperature_Variation_Optimization_e99d752128.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1603" height="292"><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/ACS_Omega_2026_11_25_36454_36467_Figure_1_ICP_MS_measurements_of_apricot_s_kernel_regions_92e37d2d10.jpg" alt="ACS Omega (2026) 11 (25): 36454–36467: Figure 1. ICP-MS measurements of apricot’s kernel regions I.K, II.K, III.K, IV.K, kernel’s shell, I.S, II.S, III.S, IV.S, and flesh I.F, II.F, III.F, IV.F in a microwave oven (at 800 W for 15 min) at 180 °C, 200 °C, and 220 °C temperature variations (Cu, Zn, and Pb concentrations: C × 103 μg kg–1)." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_ACS_Omega_2026_11_25_36454_36467_Figure_1_ICP_MS_measurements_of_apricot_s_kernel_regions_92e37d2d10.jpg 224w," sizes="100vw" width="1600" height="1119"><div>Furthermore, the trace element levels determined in this study were compared with previously reported data for dried apricots from Türkiye. Overall, the elemental distribution pattern showed good agreement with the literature, especially for essential elements such as Fe, Zn, and Cu, which were within reported ranges. Observed quantitative differences may be associated with variations in soil composition, environmental conditions, cultivation techniques, and postharvest processing methods such as drying. These findings suggest that, despite some variability, the trace element profiles of the analyzed apricot samples are generally consistent with previously published studies. The results of microwave digestion at 200 °C (the second stage of temperature optimization) showed that the highest concentration of Pb (1.174 mg kg–1) was detected in the flesh sample from Site II, while the highest concentration of Cd (15.932 μg kg–1) was also observed in the flesh sample from Site II. Similarly, the results obtained at 220 °C (the third stage of temperature optimization) indicated that the highest concentration of Zn (6.650 mg kg–1) was found in the kernel sample from Site III, whereas the highest Cd concentration (21.127 μg kg–1) was detected in the flesh sample from Site III. Based on the μg kg–1-level measurements, it was observed that increasing temperature significantly enhanced the detection and extraction of cadmium.</div><div>An increase in temperature during microwave-assisted acid digestion improved the extraction efficiency of Zn and Pb, while the extraction efficiencies of As, Hg, Cd, Se, and Cu showed a decreasing trend. When these results were compared with World Health Organization (WHO) (2007) concentration limits (Cw), it was determined that Pb levels in Sites I, II, and III (flesh samples) and Se levels in the kernel from Site I exceeded recommended limits and may pose potential health risks. (<a href="javascript:;">1</a>)</div><div>In this study, analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare the elemental levels of Cu, Zn, As, Se, Cd, Hg, and Pb among different sample groups (kernel (K), kernel shell (S), and flesh (F)). Prior to analysis, normality and homogeneity of variance assumptions were tested. The sample size (n = 36) for temperature optimization was clearly defined. The Kolmogorov–Smirnov test indicated that the data were normally distributed, as all p-values were greater than 0.05. The assumption of homogeneity of variance was verified using Levene’s test, which also produced p-values above 0.05, confirming homogeneity. According to the results of one-way ANOVA, statistically significant differences were found among the groups for Zn (p = 0.000) and Hg (p = 0.000) (p &lt; 0.05). No statistically significant differences were observed for the other elements (p &gt; 0.05). Post hoc comparisons were performed using Duncan’s multiple range test, and the differences between groups are presented in the corresponding table (p &lt; 0.05).</div></div><h4>4. Conclusion</h4><div>Apricot kernel, kernel shell, and flesh samples collected from four different regions were subjected to digestion processes that were repeated three times. To determine toxic elements (Cu, Zn, As, Se, Cd, Hg, and Pb), a total of 108 ICP-MS measurements were performed for temperature optimization during microwave-assisted acid digestion: 36 from the kernel, 36 from the kernel shell, and 36 from pulp samples. Similarly, 108 ICP-MS measurements were performed for time optimization and another 108 for power optimization with the same sample distribution. As part of the basic optimization grouping, quality control (QC) and quality assurance (QA) results for toxic elements in the ripe apricot were evaluated by using relative standard deviation (RSD) values obtained by ICP-MS. Although the 36 samples in each optimization group came from four different regions, the microwave digestion processes for temperature, time, and power were each repeated three times, increasing the statistical confidence interval for each element and ensuring reliable and accurate results.</div><div>This study demonstrates the importance of statistically supported optimization in microwave-assisted acid extraction for determining the elemental composition of the food samples. Analysis of apricot samples also shows that, although the daily dietary intake hazard quotient (HQ) values of toxic elements are not considered dangerous to human health, their accumulation in the body over time can contribute to the development of serious and potentially fatal diseases.</div><div>The presence of high concentrations of toxic metals in fish is of particular importance in relation to the FAO/WHO standards for Pb and Cd. The maximum permissible doses for an adult are 3 mg of Pb and 0.5 mg of Cd per week, but the recommended doses are only one-fifth of those quantities. Lead is known to induce reduced cognitive development and intellectual performance in children, as well as increased blood pressure and cardiovascular disease in adults.</div><div>The results demonstrated that heavy metal concentrations in apricot fruit are significantly influenced by the geological characteristics of cultivation areas, microwave digestion parameters, and the compositional structure of the fruit. Statistical analysis of microwave-assisted digestion processes (temperature, time, and power) further supported significant correlations among the Cu–Zn, As–Hg, and Se–Cd element pairs.</div></div></div>

The Effect of Microwave Oven Extraction Temperature, Time, and Power Optimization on the Determination of Heavy Metals in Apricot by ICP-MS

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezICPMS Library in the week of 10th August 2026? Check out new documents from the field of spectroscopy/spectrometry and related techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT SPECTROSCOPY/SPECTROMETRY RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezGCMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you application notes by Agilent Technologies, Shimadzu and Thermo Fisher Scientific!<h3>1. Agilent Technologies: Accurate and Robust Measurement of Elemental Impurities in Pharmaceuticals by ICP-MS</h3>Implementation of Indian Pharmacopeia General Chapter 5.10 compliant workflow using the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=7850">Agilent 7850 ICP-MS</a><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_elemental_impurity_pharma_7850_icp_ms_5994_9312en_agilent_78f5dc61d6.pdf">Full PDF for download</a>&nbsp;</li></ul>Elemental impurity testing is a vital part of pharmaceutical quality assurance because trace metals can enter drug products at various points of the manufacturing process. Impurities may originate from raw materials and excipients, leach from processing equipment, remain as residues from catalysts, or arise through environmental or packaging related contamination. Even at very low concentrations, certain metals pose toxicological risks, making their assessment and control essential for ensuring product safety.&nbsp;To address these risks, global regulatory bodies—including the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the European Medicines Agency (EMA), and other members of the International Council for Harmonization (ICH)—require manufacturers to perform systematic risk assessments and ongoing monitoring of elemental impurities. The harmonized ICH Q3D guideline provides the framework for this evaluation by defining toxicology based permitted daily exposure (PDE) limits. It also outlines expectations for analytical testing, reporting, and control strategies across a variety of dosage forms.&nbsp;To align with these international regulatory standards, the draft Indian Pharmacopeia (IP) General Chapter 5.10 has been developed to harmonize with the corresponding requirements of the European, Japanese, and U.S. Pharmacopeias.6 Harmonization will ensure that India’s regulatory framework reflects globally accepted best practices for assessing and controlling elemental impurities. It will also ensure that pharmaceutical products manufactured for the Indian and global markets meet internationally aligned safety standards. As part of these harmonized expectations, IP General Chapter 5.10 mandates the quantitative determination of specified elemental impurities using validated, high performance analytical technologies such as ICP MS or ICP OES. These techniques provide the sensitivity, selectivity, and sample throughput required to reliably measure trace-level elemental impurities and demonstrate compliance with PDE based limits.&nbsp;An <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=7850">Agilent 7850 ICP-MS</a> was used in this study to meet the trace level elemental impurity requirements defined in IP General Chapter 5.10. Designed to quantify elements at low concentrations, the 7850 achieves detection limits suitable for accurate, confident measurement of impurities at sub ppb levels. Its advanced ORS4 collision cell technology uses helium (He) mode to effectively remove polyatomic interferences across multiple analytes, enabling reliable measurement of secondary or qualifier isotopes. This capability supports analyte confirmation as required by regulatory guidelines, including IP 5.10, ICH Q2(R1), USP &lt;233&gt;, and USP &lt;1225&gt;. The combination of sensitivity and spectral clarity is essential when testing regulated pharmaceutical products, where accuracy, reproducibility, and compliance with pharmacopeial limits are required.&nbsp;The 7850 ICP-MS delivers robust performance in real-world pharmaceutical environments, where complex matrices and routine, high throughput testing are the norm. The hightemperature plasma improves matrix tolerance, minimizes matrix-induced interferences, and enhances ionization efficiency.8 This capability provides higher and more consistent sensitivity for poorly ionized elements such as As, Cd, and Hg, as well as platinum group elements (PGEs) including Os, Ir, and Pt. The 7850 ICP-MS system’s high matrix tolerance also enables efficient handling of diverse sample types, including active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), excipients, and finished dosage forms, without excessive dilution or instrument downtime. Long term signal stability ensures consistent results throughout long analytical runs, minimizing re-analysis and supporting dependable quality control (QC) testing.&nbsp;The 7850 offers streamlined, workflow-based operation with intuitive software and pre-configured method templates that are aligned with pharmacopeial guidelines. Instrument parameters are automatically optimized, simplifying method development, minimizing operator intervention, and ensuring consistent analytical performance.&nbsp;This application note outlines an end-to-end analytical workflow designed to help laboratories comply with the elemental impurity requirements of IP General Chapter 5.10 using ICP MS. Twenty four elements were determined in three types of oral drug products, and the method was evaluated against the performance criteria specified in IP 5.10.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>The analytical approach described in draft Indian Pharmacopoeia (IP) General Chapter 5.10 for the determination of elemental impurities in pharmaceutical products was applied in this study using ICP-MS. Three over-the-counter oral tablet drugs were acid digested by microwave, spiked at various J levels, and analyzed for 24 target elements using an Agilent 7850 ICP-MS.&nbsp;The 7850 ICP-MS, equipped with a robust plasma system and the ORS4 collision/reaction cell operating in helium mode, effectively minimized polyatomic interferences and enabled accurate measurement of target isotopes and qualifier ions. Its wide dynamic range detector further supported the analysis of all three oral drug products using a single analytical method and standard operating conditions.&nbsp;Instrument setup and method development were simplified by selecting General Purpose plasma conditions, applying automated lens tuning, and using the ICH/USP preset method in the Agilent ICP-MS MassHunter software.&nbsp;The method met all performance criteria outlined in IP 5.10, including specificity, accuracy, spike recovery, stability, and system suitability for both limit and quantitative procedures. Instrument detection limits were significantly lower than the J values for oral drugs, ensuring reliable quantification of elemental impurities at regulatory control levels.&nbsp;Overall, the results confirm that the 7850 ICP-MS provides a reliable, sensitive, and efficient platform for compliance with IP 5.10 requirements for elemental impurity testing in oral drug products. The simplified method development, robust interference removal, and workflow-based operation significantly reduce analytical complexity while supporting consistent regulatory compliance for routine pharmaceutical quality control laboratories.<h3>2. Shimadzu: Evaluation of Particle Size in Chocolate —Evaluation of Particle Size Distribution and Coarse Particles that Affect Texture</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_00624_en_ea48de171d.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul><h5>User benefits</h5><ul><li>The solid particle size distribution in chocolate can be easily measured using the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=SALD-2300">SALD-2300</a>.&nbsp;</li><li>The <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=iSpect+DIA-10">iSpect DIA-10</a> enables not only the measurement of particle size distribution but also, the number concentration of particles in a specified particle size range.</li></ul>Particle size distribution is one of the physical properties that describe the characteristics of materials and products containing particulate matter. In some cases, the difference in characteristics can be described simply by the average particle size. In other cases, the amount of particles above a certain size is important. The values to be noted vary depending on the type of material, product, and its intended use.&nbsp;Here, chocolate is taken as an example of a product where particle size control is important. An example is presented of measuring the particle size distribution and the quantity of particles within a specific size range to assess the texture of chocolate.&nbsp;When performing chocolate quality control, the particle size distribution is generally evaluated using a laser diffraction-type particle size distribution analyzer. In this article, in addition to using the SALD-2300 Laser Diffraction Particle Size Analyzer, the iSpect DIA-10 Dynamic Particle Image Analysis System is also employed to show the possibility of a slightly different evaluation approach to investigating the relationship between particle size/concentration and texture.<h4>Measurement of Particle Size Distribution by <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=SALD-2300">SALD-2300&nbsp;</a></h4>Chocolate is solid at room temperature. Therefore, it must be dissolved (dispersed) in a solvent to measure the particle size distribution of the solid particles contained within it. Samples must also be diluted to a concentration suitable for the particle size distribution measuring analyzer. Isopropanol was selected as the dispersant because it can dissolve oil and fat and disperse the solid particles to measure the particle size distribution of just the solid particles in the chocolate.&nbsp;Two commercial milk chocolate samples were used: sample F and sample UF. Taste tests were conducted by several individuals (including the author), and comparisons were made prior to measurement. The taste tests focused on texture differences and the smoothness on the palate and tongue. The results showed that although there were differences among individuals, most perceived sample UF as smoother than sample F, while sample F feltslightly rough.<h4>Particle Size and Number Concentration Measurement by <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=iSpect+DIA-10">iSpect DIA-10&nbsp;</a></h4>So far, the particle size distribution of two types of chocolate has been measured using the SALD-2300, and the relationship between the results and the texture has been examined. Next, we considered the measurement results obtained using the iSpect DIA-10.&nbsp;The iSpect DIA-10 is different from general image analysis type particle size measurement equipment, and it has the advantage of being able to detect almost all particles within the measurement range. As a result, it is possible to accurately calculate the number concentration in the measurement solution.From the SALD-2300 measurement results, it is clear that the sample contains about 20 to 30 percent particles that are below 5 µm, which is the minimum measurement size of iSpect DIA-10. Therefore, it is not possible to capture the number concentration of all particlesin the sample.&nbsp;On the other hand, since no particles exceed the measurement limit of 100 µm and almost all particles in the coarse particle region can be detected, it is possible to calculate the number concentration of particles above a certain size.&nbsp;The results of measurements of samples F and UF using the iSpect DIA-10 are presented below. The dispersion procedure is the same as that for the SALD-2300 shown in Table 1, but the final concentration is equivalent to that of 0.1 g of chocolate dispersed in 1000 mL of isopropanol due to a further 50 times dilution during measurement.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>In this article, the particle size distribution of chocolate was measured using two instruments, the SALD-2300 and the iSpect DIA-10, and introduced the relationship between these results and the texture perceived when the chocolate was eaten. By looking at the results of the two measurement methods together, it is believed that a more in-depth analysis is possible.&nbsp;In particular, the results of the number concentration of coarse particles measured using the iSpect DIA-10 are considered useful for evaluating texture based on the quantity of coarse particles. This can be expected to be effective in the food field and other fields where the abundance of small quantities of coarse particlesisimportant.<h3>3. Thermo Fisher Scientific: From waste to performance: Reactive extrusion upcycling validated by rheology and chemical (FTIR) imaging</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/from_waste_to_performance_an1803_en_8b501f445c.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Global plastic production exceeds 400 million tons annually, with polypropylene among the most widely used polymers. This high volume of polymer production results in large amounts of plastic ending up in our environment. Recycling is a strong potential solution; however, mechanical recycling often leads to molecular weight degradation via chain scission, limiting performance in secondary applications.&nbsp;Upcycling through reactive extrusion provides a pathway to restore or enhance performance by incorporating recycled streams into high-value matrices. Polyamide 12 (PA12) offers superior mechanical and thermal properties but is immiscible with polypropylene due to thermodynamic incompatibility.Compatibilization using PP-g-MA enables interfacial stabilization through in situ formation of diblock copolymers via reaction between maleic anhydride groups and PA12 amine end groups. This study evaluates several aspects of the resultant plastic products:&nbsp;<ul><li>Molecular degradation of reprocessed PP&nbsp;</li><li>Rheological signatures of interfacial stabilization&nbsp;</li><li>Mechanical property recovery&nbsp;</li><li>Quantitative chemical homogeneity via FTIR mapping</li></ul><h4>Materials and methods</h4>Specimens were molded using the HAAKE MiniJet Pro Piston injection molding system:&nbsp;<ul><li>25 mm disc specimens for rheology &nbsp;</li><li>Dog-bone specimens for tensile testing</li></ul>Rheological characterization was performed using oscillatory rheology. A HAAKE MARS iQ rotational rheometer was employed, measure key features.&nbsp;<ul><li>Parallel plate geometry&nbsp;</li><li>Amplitude sweep (LVR determination)&nbsp;</li><li>Frequency sweep (viscoelastic response)</li></ul><h5>FTIR microscopy and chemical mapping</h5>While rheological and mechanical testing provide indirect evidence of interfacial stabilization, direct chemical verification of phase distribution is required to confirm compatibilization efficiency. Immiscible polymer blends such as PP/PA12 exhibit morphology-dependent performance governed by droplet size, spatial distribution, and interfacial adhesion.&nbsp;Micro-ATR Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy enables spatially resolved chemical analysis without extensive sample preparation. The <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=3&amp;search=RaptIR">Nicolet RaptIR+ FTIR microscope</a> was used to collect high-density chemical maps of blend cross-sections, providing direct insight into compositional uniformity and interfacial mixing.&nbsp;ATR sampling was selected to minimize preparation artifacts and avoid the need for thin microtomed sections. The evanescent wave penetration depth of less than a few microns enables surface-sensitive chemical characterization while maintaining high spectral quality.&nbsp;To enable quantitative phase mapping, distinct and non-overlapping spectral markers were selected:&nbsp;<ul><li>PA12 amide I band (~1636 cm⁻¹) – characteristic carbonyl stretch of polyamide</li><li>PP methyl deformation (~1376 cm⁻¹) – characteristic polypropylene signature</li></ul>These bands were chosen for specific reasons:&nbsp;<ul><li>High intensity&nbsp;</li><li>Minimal overlap&nbsp;</li><li>Structural specificity</li></ul><h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>Reactive extrusion of reprocessed polypropylene with PA12 using PP-g-MA successfully produced a mechanically robust upcycled material containing 50% recycled content.&nbsp;Key outcomes:&nbsp;<ul><li>Rheology confirmed enhanced interfacial stability.&nbsp;</li><li>Tensile properties were restored to near-virgin PA12 performance.&nbsp;</li><li>FTIR chemical mapping provided quantitative compositional uniformity analysis.&nbsp;</li><li>Statistical treatment of mapping data enabled objective evaluation of compatibilization efficiency.&nbsp;</li></ul>The integrated workflow combining extrusion, molding, rheology, and FTIR microscopy enables accelerated development of sustainable polymer blends with validated performance.

News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 33, 2026

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezICPMS Library in the week of 31st August 2026? Check out new documents from the field of spectroscopy/spectrometry and related techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT SPECTROSCOPY/SPECTROMETRY RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezGCMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you brochures by Agilent Technologies and Waters Corporation and application notes by Shimadzu and Thermo Fisher Scientific!<h3>1. Agilent Technologies: Agilent OpenLab ICP-MS Software</h3>Simplify every step of ICP-MS analysisFor Agilent <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://labrulez.com/en-us/icpms/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=7800">7800</a>, <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://labrulez.com/en-us/icpms/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=7850">7850</a>, and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://labrulez.com/en-us/icpms/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=7900">7900</a> ICP-MS systems, and Agilent <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://labrulez.com/en-us/icpms/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=8900">8900</a> and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://labrulez.com/en-us/icpms/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=9500">9500 ICP-QQQ</a> systems.<ul><li>Brochure</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://labrulez.com/pdf/br_openlab_icp_ms_software_5994_9288en_agilent_05f01dcdef.pdf">Full PDF for download</a>&nbsp;</li></ul>The brochure introduces <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://labrulez.com/en-us/icpms/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=OpenLab+ICP-MS+Software">Agilent OpenLab ICP-MS Software</a>, designed to simplify routine operation and data handling for Agilent 7800, 7850, and 7900 ICP-MS systems and the 8900 and 9500 ICP-QQQ systems. The software supports the complete analytical workflow—from checking instrument readiness and creating batches to acquisition, data review, reporting, and compliance. A central dashboard provides an overview of system status, maintenance requirements, instrument health, and utilization, while Smart EMF and post-run performance checks help users identify when maintenance may be required. Guided Diagnostics, Meter Monitor, and time-stamped system records also support troubleshooting by tracking parameters such as vacuum levels, gas flows, and temperatures.Method and batch setup are designed to reduce manual configuration. Batches can be created from preset methods, templates, existing batches, Method Wizard, or Method Advisor, and legacy Agilent ICP-MS MassHunter batches can be opened directly in OpenLab ICP-MS. For the 9500 ICP-QQQ, Method Advisor provides an element-focused approach in which users select target elements and calibration information while the software applies recommended acquisition masses and cell-gas conditions. Preset methods are available for applications including EPA 200.8/EPA 6020, USP &lt;232&gt;, ICH Q3D, and Chinese Pharmacopoeia requirements, while an IntelliQuant Screening preset supports semiquantitative screening of unknown samples. Routine instrument tasks can also be automated through autotuning, startup checks, batch queues, end-of-run verification, rinse functions, and automatic shutdown.For data evaluation, OpenLab ICP-MS provides a real-time workspace where users can review analyte concentrations, internal-standard recoveries, stability plots, spectra or chromatograms, calibration information, QC charts, and IntelliQuant results in a single view. IntelliQuant acquires a complete mass spectrum and displays semiquantitative elemental concentrations using a color-coded periodic table, while IntelliQuant Star Rating assigns a zero-to-five-star data-quality score based on factors such as potential interferences, calibration quality, background, detection limits, and precision. Reporting options include whole-batch reports, elemental impurity reports for USP &lt;232&gt;/&lt;233&gt; and ICH Q3D, customizable reports, structured CSV export, and direct data transfer to LIMS.The software can be expanded for specialized applications, including LC-ICP-MS and GC-ICP-MS, advanced QC workflows, single-particle ICP-MS and FFF-ICP-MS, ADS 2 automation, semiconductor analysis, and peripheral-device control. Supported analytical approaches include external calibration, standard additions, semiquantitative calibration, isotope ratios, and isotope dilution. For regulated laboratories, OpenLab ICP-MS can be combined with scalable OpenLab compliance solutions providing electronic signatures, user access control, configurable roles, system activity logs, and audit trails, supporting workflows subject to 21 CFR Part 11, EU Annex 11, and equivalent regulations. Overall, the platform is positioned as a unified environment for routine and advanced ICP-MS workflows, combining instrument control, method setup, diagnostics, data-quality assessment, reporting, and compliance support.<h3>2. Shimadzu: Identification of Virgin PET and Recycled PET by X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://labrulez.com/pdf/an_01_01204_en_f3f20ff020.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul><h5>User benefits</h5><ul><li>EDX enables the identification of recycled PET.&nbsp;</li><li>Measurements are quick and simple, require no cumbersome pretreatment, and can be automated using a multi-sample turret.&nbsp;</li><li>The instrument offers excellent cost-performance and supports the detection of a wide range of elements.</li></ul>Establishing a sustainable circular economy is a major societal challenge, and recycling plastic materials such as PET (polyethylene terephthalate) plays a particularly important role in reducing environmental impact. Large numbers of PET bottles and molded products are used every day in the food and beverage sectors. To recycle these materials safely and reliably, technologies are required that can accurately identify their origin. In practice, however, appearance and conventional physical properties alone are insufficient to distinguish virgin material from recycled material, creating a need for a more reliable identification method.&nbsp;For rapid identification in industrial settings, a method requiring little or no pretreatment is highly desirable. In some cases, nondestructive analysis is also needed to enable subsequent application of other analytical techniques. This article presents a practical approach in which metal catalysts present in PET are detected by EDX (Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy) and used to distinguish material-recycled PET from virgin PET.<h4>Principle and Overview&nbsp;</h4>Metal catalysts such as antimony (Sb) and germanium (Ge) are used in the synthesis of PET resin. These catalyst metals have been reported to be useful indicators of material origin. 1),2) For example, Sb and Ge are frequently detected together in material-recycled PET, whereas only one catalyst metal is detected in chemically recycled PET and virgin PET. This likely reflects the fact that material-recycled PET is derived from a mixture of feedstocks using different catalysts.&nbsp;ICP-AES (ICP optical emission spectrometry) and ICP-MS (ICP mass spectrometry), which are commonly applied to catalyst metal analysis, provide high sensitivity and accuracy. However, they require pretreatment to convert the sample into a solution, thereby lengthening the analytical workflow. By contrast, EDX can measure solid samples directly, making it well-suited to applications requiring rapid results, such as incoming material inspection and in-line analysis in molding plants. Because EDX is non-destructive, it is also suitable for multimodal analytical workflows.&nbsp;On the other hand, some commercially available handheld EDX instruments do not support elements such as Sb and Ge. At the same time, higher-end systems may not offer the specifications or price range needed for industrial deployment. The <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://labrulez.com/en-us/icpms/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=EDX-7200">EDX-7200</a> supports a broad range of elements with excellent cost performance. This article describes the analysis of Sb and Ge in PET using this instrument.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>EDX enables rapid and straightforward elemental analysis without cumbersome sample pretreatment. Previous studies have shown that the presence of Sb and Ge can be used to identify recycled PET. Building on this concept, this article presents a practical analytical approach based on EDX. Using the EDX-7200, which combines broad elemental coverage with excellent cost performance, the proposed method provides a practical tool for rapid on-site identification, quality control, and traceability management. When combined with physical property data and other information, this approach is expected to contribute to the safety assessment and quality assurance of recycled materials, thereby supporting a more advanced circular economy.<h3>3. Thermo Fisher Scientific: Optimizing lithium-ion battery recycling operations using handheld XRF analysis</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://labrulez.com/pdf/lithium_ion_battery_recycling_handheld_xrf_analysis_an1120_en_4c00477b78.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>The shift to a low-carbon economy and the adoption of electric vehicles will drive an exponential increase in the demand for lithium-ion batteries. As a corollary to this, the International Energy Agency expects the demand for some key commodities to increase significantly over the next two decades: the demand for Copper (Cu) is anticipated to increase by more than 40%; for nickel (Ni) and cobalt (Co), by 60-70% each; and for lithium (Li), by nearly 90%.¹ This will translate into increased mining activities and potentially generate larger amounts of deleterious waste.&nbsp;To reduce the environmental impact and limit reliance on scarce commodities associated with economical and geopolitical implications, several countries have implemented regulations regarding producers’ responsibilities.² These regulations contain both incentives and accountability guidelines for lithium-ion battery and electric vehicles manufacturers. Their goal is to facilitate the emergence of a circular economy in which recycling will increasingly contribute to the supply of the strategic raw materials.&nbsp;Lithium-ion batteries are made of multiple components, the most valuable being the cathode that contains between 40 and 70% ³, ⁴ of the total value of the battery, depending on its exact chemistry. As of 2023, lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxides (NCM) account for 66% of lithium-ion battery cathode active materials for electric vehicles, followed by lithium iron phosphates (LFP) which account for 24%, and lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide (NCA) accounts for the remaining 10%.³<h4>Handheld X-ray Fluorescence Analysis&nbsp;</h4>Handheld X-ray fluorescence analysis (HHXRF) is an elemental analysis technique that has proven to be cost-effective in recycling areas such as scrap metal and automotive catalytic converters. HHXRF can measure elements from magnesium (Mg) to uranium (U) in various types of materials such as metals and alloys; non-metallic inorganic materials such as ceramics; or ores or plastics. The <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://labrulez.com/en-us/all/products/1993">Thermo Scientific™ Niton™ XL2</a> and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://labrulez.com/en-us/all/products/1992">Thermo Scientific™ Niton™ XL5 Plus Handheld XRF Analyzers </a>deliver accurate elemental analysis in real time, with little or no sample preparation, across multiple steps of the lithium-ion battery recycling workflow. Although handheld XRF does not detect lithium, it can measure most elements from the periodic table including nickel or cobalt which often command much higher value than the lithium in a lithium-ion battery.⁴<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>There is no ideal process to recycle lithium-ion batteries that simultaneously incorporates low environmental impact, high metal recovery yield, and economic viability. Because of the variety of technologies and materials used, recycling lithium-ion batteries is a complex journey with multiple possible paths. HHXRF helps recyclers by generating lab-quality data in real time, allowing them to optimize their processes and make fast decisions that generate significant benefits:&nbsp;<ul><li>Unwanted materials containing heavy metals such as lead or cadmium can be prevented from entering subsequent steps in the recycling workflow.&nbsp;</li><li>Materials can be accurately sorted and adequate processes for recovery selected depending on the material type (e.g., LFP vs. MCM).&nbsp;</li><li>The economic value of incoming and outgoing material can be more accurately estimated.</li></ul><h3>4. Waters Corporation: Waters Aura Systems</h3><ul><li>Brochure</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://labrulez.com/pdf/720009268_7b9ad02cb4.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>The presentation introduces the Waters Aura Systems, a family of high-throughput, fluidics-free instruments for the characterization and identification of visible and subvisible particles. All Aura platforms provide particle counting, identification, morphology assessment, and flexible sample volumes ranging from microliters to milliliters. The portfolio includes configurations tailored to different applications: AuraBMI for biologics particle analysis, Aura for particle analysis with identification, <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://labrulez.com/en-us/all/products/2437">AuraPTx</a> for protein formulation development, <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://labrulez.com/en-us/all/products/2438">AuraGT</a> for gene therapy, <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://labrulez.com/en-us/all/products/2439">AuraCL</a> for cell therapy, and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://labrulez.com/en-us/all/products/2190">Aura+</a> as the most comprehensive platform. The systems are designed for automation-ready operation, straightforward method transfer, and continuity from research through QC.A key feature of the Aura platform is the combination of Backgrounded Membrane Imaging (BMI), Fluorescence Membrane Microscopy (FMM), and Side Illumination Membrane Imaging (SIMI). BMI captures particles on a membrane and subtracts the membrane background to improve particle contrast, while FMM uses fluorescent dyes or conjugated antibodies to distinguish specific particle types. This enables differentiation of protein aggregates, cells, viral capsids, degraded excipients, plastics, fibers, and other contaminants that may look similar based on morphology alone. SIMI adds further information for identifying unlabeled inorganic particles such as glass, fibers, and Dynabeads. Together, these techniques provide more specific particle identification than morphology-based classification alone.The systems are particularly suited to biologics, gene therapy, and cell therapy development. For gene therapy, Aura can evaluate AAV stability, distinguish capsid-related particles, and monitor DNA leakage using SYBR Gold fluorescence, with measurements possible from as little as 5 µL of sample. For cell therapy, the system can differentiate single cells, cell aggregates, protein aggregates, and extrinsic particles. The platform also supports flexible sample volumes and 24- or 96-well membrane formats, allowing the same general approach to be used from sample-limited early development through larger-volume and QC workflows. The brochure reports excellent quantitative linearity across serial dilutions and emphasizes the ability to preserve sample for additional orthogonal analyses.From a technical perspective, Aura Systems provide 100% sampling efficiency, a particle detection and quantitation range above 1 µm, and can handle concentrations above 3,000,000 particles/mL for 1.6 µm particles. Brightfield membrane imaging takes approximately one minute per sample, while fluorescence measurements require about 15–30 seconds per sample. The instruments are compatible with robotic automation and offer different fluorescence-channel configurations depending on the selected Aura model. Overall, the platform is positioned as a comprehensive solution for obtaining quantitative particle counts together with information on particle identity and composition across the development and quality-control lifecycle.

News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 36, 2026

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