Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezICPMS Library in the week of 12th January 2026? Check out new documents from the field of spectroscopy/spectrometry and related techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT SPECTROSCOPY/SPECTROMETRY RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezGCMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you application notes by Agilent Technologies, Shimadzu, and Waters Corporation and brochure by Thermo Fisher Scientific!<h3>1. Agilent Technologies: Detecting Spice Adulteration with the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=8700+LDIR">Agilent 8700 LDIR</a> Chemical Imaging System</h3>Accelerating adulterant detection in turmeric with IR spectroscopy and imaging&nbsp;<ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_spice_adulteration_8700_ldir_5994_8800en_agilent_235b48c7e6.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Spices are essential components of culinary practices worldwide, valued for their flavor, aroma, and health benefits. However, the intentional or accidental adulteration of spices with cheaper or foreign substances poses significant risks to both food quality and consumer safety. Adulteration practices often aim to increase product volume, enhance visual appeal, or mimic authentic flavors, compromising the integrity of the final product.1Common adulteration practices include substituting genuine plant materials with cheaper or visually similar ones, using inferior plant species or parts, and mixing with fillers such as corn starch, bran, or sawdust. Some products are also adulterated with chemicals to enhance flavor, inorganic substances such as sand, chalk, or red brick powder, or illegal dyes such as Sudan dyes and rhodamine B to intensify&nbsp;color.1–4&nbsp;Current tools for detecting adulteration in herbs and spices face several challenges. Sampling across complex supply chains often lacks consistency, making it difficult to obtain representative samples.5 The chemical and physical complexity of sample matrices, combined with natural variation among species and origins, complicates data interpretation.5&nbsp;In&nbsp;ground or powdered spices, the original plant structures are lost, making it difficult to visually or morphologically identify adulterants, particularly when they are fine or physically similar to the genuine&nbsp;material.6 An <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=8700+LDIR">Agilent 8700 Laser Direct Infrared (LDIR) chemical imaging system</a> (Figure&nbsp;1) was used in this study to detect spice adulteration through the integration of infrared spectroscopy and&nbsp;microscopy<h4>Experimental&nbsp;</h4>Agilent Clarity software: To evaluate the 8700 LDIR's capability in distinguishing genuine spices from common adulterants, a series of pure and adulterated samples were prepared and analyzed using the system's automated Particle Analysis (PA) workflow.<h4>Results and discussion&nbsp;</h4><h5>Identification of pure spices (turmeric)&nbsp;</h5>To verify the 8700 LDIR and the user&nbsp;generated library in identifying particles of varying sizes, shapes, and counts, the pure turmeric sample was analyzed as an "unknown". Turmeric sample identification demonstrated high spectral matching accuracy. Within the selected analysis area, 74&nbsp;particles were detected and 70&nbsp;particles (94.6%) were matched to the turmeric reference spectra in the custom library. Notably, 64 particles achieved Hit Quality Index (HQI) values exceeding 0.8, indicating strong spectral correlation and high confidence in the identification data (Figure 2).<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>This study demonstrates the suitability of the Agilent 8700 LDIR chemical imaging system with Agilent Clarity software as an effective tool for detecting adulteration in ground spices. Using the automated Particle Analysis (PA) workflow, the system quickly and reliably distinguished turmeric from both organic (corn starch) and inorganic (sand) adulterants based on their distinct IR spectral signatures.&nbsp;Differentiating between chemically similar spices remains challenging due to overlapping IR profiles. However, the 8700 LDIR system's ability to build custom spectral libraries offers flexibility for targeted authentication, allowing laboratories to adapt the system to their evolving analytical needs.&nbsp;A key advantage of the 8700 LDIR method is the speed and simplicity of sample preparation—dry powders can be analyzed directly on low-e slides without solvents or extraction. By combining the high-throughput automated PA workflow with integrated imaging, the 8700 LDIR provides a practical, time-saving solution for routine analysis in food testing&nbsp;laboratories.<h3>2. Shimadzu: Observation of the Automotive Cylindrical Lithium-Ion Battery “4680” Using a Micro-Focus X-ray CT System</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_01060_en_5e744626ad.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul><h4>User Benefits</h4><ul><li>The internal structure of the “4680” cylindrical lithium-ion battery for automotive use, which is a market trend, can be observed nondestructively.&nbsp;</li><li>Electrode placement and bonding condition can be verified, which is useful for product quality inspection.</li></ul>In recent years, with the proliferation of electric vehicles (EVs), the development of high-performance, low-cost automotive batteries has become an urgent priority. Among these, the cylindrical lithium-ion battery “4680” has attracted particular attention. Compared with the conventional “2170,” the “4680” is larger, and its energy density per cell is increased, thereby extending vehicle range. In addition, the adoption of a tab-less structure reduces internal resistance, improving charge/discharge efficiency and thermal management performance, while simplification of the manufacturing process is expected to reduce cost. Owing to these characteristics, the “4680” is drawing attention across both industry and academia as a core technology for next-generation EVs. Meanwhile, lithium-ion batteries are always subject to concerns about the risk of ignition and explosion due to internal short circuits or foreign matter inclusion. Because X-ray CT enables nondestructive testing (NDT) with three-dimensional visualization of internal structures, it is possible to detect fine defects such as electrode misalignment, separator damage, and foreign matter inclusion.&nbsp;This article introduces a case study in which the cylindrical lithium-ion battery “4680” for automotive applications was observed using the microfocus <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=inspeXio+7000">X-ray CT system inspeXio 7000</a> (Fig. 1).<h4>Conclusion</h4>We presented a case study of imaging the cylindrical lithium-ion battery “4680” using a microfocus X-ray CT system. By nondestructively visualizing its three-dimensional structure, it is possible to obtain important information on the battery’s internal structure, such as the arrangement of electrodes and their bonding state. Thus, X-ray CT is shown to be a powerful tool that contributesto the advancement of battery technology.<h3>3. Thermo Fisher Scientific: MarqMetrix All-In-One X Process Raman Analyzer</h3>Enabling accurate, real-time results for process monitoring in hazardous locations<ul><li>Brochure</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/marqmetrix_all_in_one_x_process_raman_analyzer_ds1339_en_c1739807d2.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>The <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2208">Thermo Scientific™ MarqMetrix™ All-In-One X Process Raman Analyzer </a>is a compact, portable spectrometer designed for fast deployment and ease of use. Built for industries where rapid time-to-results is critical, it is designed to be intrinsically and inherently safe for operation within hazardous locations, in such applications as:&nbsp;<ul><li>Midstream and downstream oil &amp; gas operations&nbsp;</li><li>Chemical and polymer applications&nbsp;</li><li>Pharmaceutical development and manufacturing</li></ul><h4>The MarqMetrix All-In-One X Analyzer offers multiple operational advantages:&nbsp;</h4><ul><li>Analysis without sample preparation, delivering Raman spectral results in real time&nbsp;</li><li>Easy setup and deployment by non-spectroscopists&nbsp;</li><li>Intrinsically and inherently safe optical power to robust probes, which can be deployed in hazardous locations: up to ATEX Zone 0 (Europe &amp; Middle East), IECEx (Asia), and Class 1 Div 1 (North America)&nbsp;</li><li>Nondestructive workflows to protect precious samples&nbsp;</li><li>A small footprint for convenient deployment&nbsp;</li><li>Factory calibration for hardware stability and portability&nbsp;</li></ul>The MarqMetrix All-In-One X Process Raman Analyzer is designed for out-of-the-box use, enabling you to be ready in less than 15 minutes to collect highly accurate Raman measurements. Pack this analyzer in a protective case and take it to the point of need; its factory calibration ensures continuous and precise analysis on the go. Easily integrate the MarqMetrix All-In-One X Process Raman Analyzer into your existing process without the need for costly technical expertise. Once implemented, the analyzer enables operators in hazardous locations to make faster, safer, and smarter decisions by delivering real-time compositional insights directly on site.<h3>4. Waters Corporation: Residual Dynabeads Detection with <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2190">Aura+</a></h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/720009096_en_aeb7e4288f.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Autologous cell therapies have seen explosive growth as evidenced by the recent landmark FDA approvals of two CAR-T cell therapies, Yescarta® and Kymriah®. 1 Dynabeads™ are commonly used in cell therapy manufacturing process to expand and activate CAR-T cells.2 CD3/CD28 Dynabeads specifically are one of the leading approved GMP expression beads for T cell therapies and are key to achieving the potency required of these novel medicines. Dynabeads are also efficiently removed from the final product to ensure final purity. However, residual CD3/CD28 beads present a significant risk patients’ safety and therefore are generally kept below a widely accepted but not yet regulatory controlled limit of 100 residual beads per 3,000,000 cells.3–4&nbsp;Residual bead analysis is currently performed with manual hemocytometry that uses light microscopy and manual counting. However, manual hemocytometry is prone to human error, which leads to significant bead undercounting because it is incredibly difficult to find and differentiate between Dynabeads and cells in a sample, making residual bead counting one of the most challenging cell therapy lot release assays. Other traditional cell and subvisible analysis tools, including flow cytometers, also undercount beads and cannot differentiate residual Dynabeads from cells and other subvisible particles.&nbsp;In this technical note, we show step-by-step how Aura CL and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2190">Aura+</a> enable fast, accurate, sensitive, and specific residual Dynabead detection in a concentrated cell therapy product. Powered by backgrounded membrane imaging (BMI) to characterize the entire cell therapy particle population and side illumination membrane imaging (SIMI) to specifically detect Dynabeads, Aura® CL and Aura®+ are the first and only tailored solutions to find and count these hard to detect contaminants.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>Analysis of the cell therapy sample on Aura CL or Aura+ begins with the BMI well image, where sharp contrast, high resolution optics provide the landscape to count and size all the particles in your cell therapy product. SIMI imaging, which is run at the same time as BMI, enables the differentiation of biologic vs. non-biologic particles which is essential to this application. Figures 2 and 3 capture how BMI detects all particles present in a cell therapy sample, while SIMI mode selects for particles of higher refractive index contrast. In BMI mode, cells, Dynabeads, and mixtures of the two were all easily visible. However, in SIMI mode, only the residual Dynabeads were detected both in the standard high-throughput 4x mode and in the 10x high magnification mode. This is essential for specific detection of residual Dynabeads given their low abundance in a highly concentrated cell sample as shown in Figure 4. We determined that the limit of quantitation (LOQ) of Dynabeads is &lt;1 bead/well (or 18 beads/mL of sample), well below the hemacytometer residual bead detection rate of 1 bead per 10,000 cells. Additionally, the bead counts in our dilution series exhibited a linear relationship, measuring an R2 of 0.98. Using Aura CL or Aura+ for residual Dynabead detection provides greater accuracy and higher-throughput in counting compared to the cumbersome and error prone currently used methods. Resolving false positive counts can be easily rectified by measuring the particles at higher magnification, where single Dynabeads identity can be confirmed by size. Aura CL and Aura+ deliver the only automated way of measuring single Dynabeads in concentrated cell therapy solutions, while also offering built in orthogonal confirmation through various objectives and light sources.

News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 03, 2026

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezICPMS Library in the week of 26th January 2026? Check out new documents from the field of spectroscopy/spectrometry and related techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT SPECTROSCOPY/SPECTROMETRY RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezGCMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you application notes by Agilent Technologies, Metrohm and Shimadzu and brochure by Thermo Fisher Scientific!<h3>1. Agilent Technologies: Thin Multilayer Analysis Using the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=8700+LDIR">Agilent 8700 LDIR</a> Chemical Imaging System</h3>Rapid micrometer-scale measurement of layer thickness and composition identification in laminated materials<ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_thin_multilayer_materials_8700_ldir_5994_8799en_agilent_892afacbb6.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Multilayer laminate materials represent a structurally and chemically complex system. They often comprise several distinct polymer layers that are engineered for specific functional roles, despite having total thicknesses of only a few hundred microns. Each layer contributes unique properties such as mechanical strength, barrier performance, or environmental protection, depending on its chemical composition and thickness. Accurate identification and measurement of these thin layers is therefore critical, as defects or deviations in layer thickness can compromise product integrity. Weaknesses can cause failures through damage, potentially resulting in safety issues for the user.Precise mapping and micrometer-scale thickness analysis is essential during the development, quality control, and troubleshooting of multilayer materials. The <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=8700+LDIR">Agilent 8700 Laser Direct Infrared (LDIR) chemical imaging system</a> offers a powerful solution for this application. By combining IR spectroscopy with high-resolution imaging, the system enables chemical identification and visualization of polymer layers with exceptional spatial detail. Enhanced by the intuitive Agilent Clarity software, the 8700 LDIR delivers a fast and effective workflow for multilayer material characterization, addressing key needs in quality assurance, failure analysis, and reverse engineering.&nbsp;<h4>Results and discussion&nbsp;</h4><h5>User-generated spectral library&nbsp;</h5>Following sample preparation, the 8700 LDIR high‑magnification visible camera provided an overview of the laminate structure of sample 1, revealing three distinct layers. The total thickness of the sample and each layer was measured using the Clarity software ruler feature. As shown in Figure 3, the total thickness of sample 1 based on the visible image was measured to be 150 µm (layer 1: 50 µm; layer 2: 50 µm; layer 3: 50 µm). A high‑resolution IR image was then acquired at 1,442 cm–1 with a 1 µm pixel size, enabling detailed visualization of the layer morphology under infrared light (Figure 3).<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>The Agilent 8700 LDIR chemical imaging system provides a powerful, non-destructive solution for multilayer analysis across diverse applications ranging from food packaging to battery separators. By combining a laminate holder, high-magnification imaging, IR imaging, and line profile spectral collection, the method delivers clear insights into layer thickness, morphology, and material composition. The ability to quickly build custom spectral libraries within the Agilent Clarity software further enhances its utility, especially for identifying unknown materials or contaminants in multilayer&nbsp;materials. The 8700 LDIR multilayer analysis workflow supports both R&amp;D innovation in advanced materials and routine quality assurance across different industries.<h3>2. Metrohm: Almond analysis with near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy</h3>Multiparameter determination of moisture, fat, and protein<ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_nir_132_download_ab5d492c05.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Almonds are nutritious edible nuts from the almond tree and can be eaten whole or processed in other foods. During processing, quality control (QC) parameters like moisture levels are checked to ensure that the correct percentage is reached before moving on to other stages (e.g., grinding or packaging). When determining almond quality, destructive analytical techniques are helpful but can involve extensive sample preparation and solvent extractions. These traditional techniques are also slow and expensive. Nondestructive near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a great alternative because it is fast, simple, and cost effective [1]. In this study, almond moisture content (water content), protein content, and fat have been measured using NIRS. NIR spectroscopy offers the rapid and reliable prediction of several quality parameters in seconds without any sample preparation.<h4>EXPERIMENTAL EQUIPMENT&nbsp;</h4>60 samples of ground almonds and 60 samples of whole almonds were measured on a <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=220&amp;search=NIR+Analyzer">Metrohm NIR Analyzer</a>. All measurements were performed in reflection mode (1000–2250 nm) using the large cup accessory. The samples were measured in rotation to collect spectral data from diverse areas. Spectral averaging of signals from several spots helped to reduce sample inhomogeneity. Metrohm software was used for all data acquisition and prediction model development.<h4>CONCLUSION</h4>This Application Note demonstrates that almond protein content analysis, almond fat content analysis, and almond water content (or almond moisture content) analysis can be done with NIRS. NIR spectroscopy offers users a faster, simpler, highly accurate alternative to standard analytical methods for the analysis of ground and whole almonds during processing and final product quality control (Table 1). By using NIRS, all of these parameters can be measured simultaneously without sample preparation, saving time and money.<h3>3. Shimadzu: Technique for Measuring Microplastics Collected on Various Filters Using a Particle Filter Holder</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_00976_en_155bd58551.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul><h4>User Benefits</h4><ul><li>Particle filter holders provide clear microscope images of samples, enabling highly accurate measurements.</li><li>Microplastics can be analyzed accurately and efficiently by using a particle filter holder with a high-speed mapping program and a particle analysis program.</li></ul>Since microplastics (MPs) (with diameters ranging from a few µm up to 5 mm) are widely recognized as an environmental problem in marine environments, Japan’s Ministry of the Environment has issued guidelines for preparation and measuring MPs in environmental surface waters. 1)&nbsp;The guidelines include examples of using a Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR) to identify plastics by the total reflectance measurement method. However, to identify fine MPs, they recommend using instruments like infrared microscopes.&nbsp;In recent years, an increasing number of studies have analyzed fine MPs smaller than 100 µm. Measuring MPs with an infrared microscope requires collecting samples on a filter. Various types of filters can be used for infrared microscopes, each with unique characteristics. But if a filter cannot be held horizontal during drying or measuring, it can develop wrinkles that might decrease measurement accuracy. Therefore, a particle filter (PF) holder was developed that can be placed directly on an infrared microscope stage while holding the filter horizontally. This article describes using the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=IRXross">IRXross Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer</a>, an <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=AIMsight">AIMsight infrared microscope</a> (Fig. 1), and a PF holder to evaluate the properties of various filters and measure a standard sample of MPs.<h4>Example of Measuring MPs&nbsp;</h4>Polystyrene (PS), polyethylene (PE), and polypropylene (PP) particles that fell through a 100 µm mesh were dispersed in purified water. They were then collected by suction filtering through PTFE, Al2O3, Au/PC, and stainless steel filters (Table 1). After collecting the particles, the filters were dried using a PF holder. Fig. 5 shows the filter holder placed in the infrared microscope. Measurement condition settings are indicated in Table 2. The PTFE and Al2O3 filters were measured by the transmission method, whereas the stainless steel and Au/PC filters were measured by the reflection method. For the highspeed mapping program in this measurement, a peak detection range of 3,400 to 2,400 cm-1 was specified for detecting the signal from hydrocarbons (C-H). If there are peaks in that range, the range will be scanned the specified number of times. A tiled image of each filter is shown in Fig. 6. The areas marked with a yellow box were measured. For more information about the high-speed mapping program, refer to <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_01001_en_79904665ce.pdf">Application News No. 01-01001-EN</a>.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>This article describes using a PF holder to collect fine microplastic particles on various types of filters, and it provides a summary of the characteristics of each filter. Since there are differences in the wavenumber ranges and data acquisition methods for each filter type, users need to understand the individual characteristics of a filter when using it. The results also show that by using a PF holder to hold the filter flat, fine microplastic particles can be conveniently measured with an infrared microscope to obtain clear images and accurate measurements. Furthermore, a highspeed mapping program and particle analysis program can be used to accurately and efficiently analyze microplastics.<h3>4. Thermo Fisher Scientific: Raman at the speed you need - Thermo Scientific DXR3 Raman Family</h3><ul><li>Brochure</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/SS_53191_DXR_3_raman_family_spec_sheet_896bbe523e.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>The Thermo Scientific DXR3 Raman Family is a versatile portfolio of Raman spectroscopy instruments designed to deliver high-quality chemical information quickly and reliably across a wide range of applications. Built on a shared, modular platform, the family includes the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2239">DXR3 Raman Microscope</a>, <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2237">DXR3xi Raman Imaging Microscope</a>, and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2235">DXR3 SmartRaman Spectrometer</a>, enabling users to choose the optimal configuration for point analysis, high-resolution imaging, or bulk sample characterization. All systems emphasize ease of use, reproducibility, and rapid data acquisition, making advanced Raman analysis accessible to both expert spectroscopists and routine laboratory users.The DXR3 Raman Microscope provides research-grade performance with sub-micrometer spatial resolution and intuitive point-and-shoot operation, supporting demanding analytical tasks such as microanalysis, depth profiling, and chemical mapping. For applications requiring fast, high-resolution chemical imaging, the DXR3xi Raman Imaging Microscope delivers exceptional stability, automated feature identification, and rapid image acquisition over both small and large areas. Its advanced EMCCD detector technology and intelligent autofocus significantly reduce experiment time while maintaining high data quality, making it ideal for materials research, pharmaceuticals, and life sciences.The DXR3 SmartRaman Spectrometer is optimized for high-performance bulk sample analysis in busy analytical laboratories. Featuring a large sampling compartment and flexible accessories, it accommodates a wide range of sample formats—from powders and tablets to liquids in bottles or vials. Variable Dynamic Point Sampling (VDPS) technology enables representative averaging over large sample areas, improving reproducibility and reducing sampling bias. Together with multiple excitation laser options and interchangeable gratings, the system supports diverse analytical workflows with minimal maintenance.Across the entire DXR3 family, pre-aligned, user-exchangeable Smart Components, automated alignment and calibration, and powerful OMNIC™ software ensure consistent performance and simplified operation. Extensive microscopy, macro-sampling, and automation options allow systems to be tailored to specific applications, while robust system qualification and diagnostics support long-term reliability. Overall, the DXR3 Raman Family combines speed, flexibility, and analytical confidence, making it a comprehensive solution for modern Raman spectroscopy in research, quality control, and industrial environments.

News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 05, 2026

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezICPMS Library in the week of 23rd February 2026? Check out new documents from the field of spectroscopy/spectrometry and related techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT SPECTROSCOPY/SPECTROMETRY RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezGCMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you application notes by Agilent Technologies, Metrohm, Shimadzu and Thermo Fisher Scientific!<h3>1. Agilent Technologies: UV-Vis Spectroscopy for Quality Assessment of Paprika as per ASTA Method 20.1</h3>From sample prep to analysis using the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=Cary+3500">Agilent Cary 3500 Multicell UV-Vis</a><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_paprika_uv_vis_cary_5994_8612en_agilent_d903914b39.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Paprika is a widely used spice valued for its deep red color and characteristic flavor, contributing to its prominence in both culinary and commercial applications. As a high‑demand commodity produced from dried capsicum pods, paprika is subject to quality variation and adulteration, which can compromise product authenticity, consumer trust, and regulatory compliance. UV-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy is a rapid, reproducible analytical technique for evaluating paprika quality by quantifying pigment concentration. In paprika, color intensity primarily arises from carotenoid compounds, and is commonly assessed using the ASTA Method 20.11 – a well-established industry standard that commercially grades paprika samples as a numerical ASTA color value.In this application note, we used an <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=Cary+3500">Agilent Cary 3500 Multicell UV-Vis spectrophotometer</a> and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=UV+Workstation+software">Agilent Cary UV Workstation software</a> to determine the ASTA color value of two commercial paprika samples. The measurements were performed in accordance with ASTA Method 20.1 for the determination of extractable color in capsicums and their&nbsp;oleoresins.<h4>Results and discussion</h4><h5>Paprika samples' analysis&nbsp;</h5>ASTA Method 20.1 measures the color intensity of paprika by extracting pigments with acetone and recording absorbance at 460 nm. The absorbance reading, along with sample weight is then used to calculate the ASTA color value. The ASTA color value is a crucial quality parameter for paprika and other spices, as it indicates the intensity and vibrancy of the red color, which is a key characteristic for consumers and food manufacturers. In this study, the two extracted paprika samples were each measured three times to produce triplicate results (Table 4). Sample 1 had a corrected ASTA color value of approximately 103, and sample 2 had a corrected ASTA color value of approximately 61, indicating a lower color intensity. The corrected ASTA color value was automatically generated in an easy-to-read table of values, and a scan report was automatically exported into a user-defined location.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>The Agilent Cary 3500 Multicell UV-Vis spectrophotometer with Agilent Cary UV Workstation software enabled fast, reliable, and standardized quality assessment of paprika samples. Using the well-established industry method, ASTA 20.1, the Cary 3500 system provided precise quantification of carotenoid pigments, supporting grading categorization. The high-throughput multicell design of the Cary 3500 Multicell UV-Vis spectrophotometer allows simultaneous measurement of up to seven samples and a reference, improving efficiency and minimizing variability. The Cary UV Workstation software simplifies data acquisition and analysis with intuitive spectral features such as the End of sequence analysis tool, which can be applied automatically to any scan method, and spectra comparisons through the Load spectrum tool. From sample absorbance measurement to final reporting, the Cary 3500 system eliminated the need for manual data processing or external tools, minimizing complexity and facilitating confidence.<h3>2. Metrohm: NIRS analysis of forages</h3>Multiparameter determination in a few seconds<ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_nir_131_download_2f897ff7f5.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Forages are plants or parts of plants eaten by both livestock and wildlife. Forages provide bulk, help with weight maintenance, and combat several issues [1]. Alfalfa forage is high in protein—well-suited to promote muscle mass in beef cattle or to increase the production of dairy cows [2]. Alfalfa is also commonly used for horse feed. These animals require forages with good palatability along with high digestibility, intake potential, and protein levels, thus increasing the demand for alfalfa and other high-quality feeds. Farmers have responded by producing even higherquality alfalfa in recent years. Since forage quality depends on chemical, biological, and dynamic properties, both measured and calculated methods must be used. Standard alfalfa assays measure neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), crude protein (CP), ash, moisture, and protein. For alfalfa pellets, the mean particle size is also important. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) offers rapid and reliable prediction of fat, moisture, crude protein, fiber, ash and starch in a few seconds and without sample preparation.<h4>EXPERIMENTAL EQUIPMENT</h4>Samples of alfalfa (including fresh alfalfa, alfalfa pellets, and alfalfa cubes) were analyzed on a <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=220&amp;search=NIR+Analyzer">Metrohm NIR Analyzer</a>. All measurements were performed in reflection mode using the large cup. The samples were measured in rotation to collect spectral data from several areas. Spectral averaging of signals from several spots helped to reduce sample inhomogeneity. The reference values were measured according to ISO norms described at the end of this Application Note. Metrohm software was used for all data acquisition and prediction model development.<h4>CONCLUSION&nbsp;</h4>This Application Note demonstrates the feasibility to determine multiple key parameters of alfalfa forage with NIR spectroscopy. Several analytical methods are usually required to measure key quality parameters for forage (Table 4). NIRS forage analysis enables a highly accurate, cost-effective, and fast alternative.<h3>3. Shimadzu: Analysis of Heavy Metals in Baby Food Using ICP-MS</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_01039_en_c563bb1b82.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul><h4>User Benefits</h4><ul><li>Heavy metals in various baby foods can be analyzed simultaneously with sufficient sensitivity.</li><li>Stable analysis can be performed even for baby foods with high matrix content.</li><li>Using the standard LabSolutions ICPMS rinse function, the time to clean the sample introduction system is minimized, which prevents carryover.</li></ul>Infants’ metabolic pathways are still developing, and because of their lower body weight, they are known to be more susceptible to the effects of harmful substances. In the United States, the Baby Food Safety Act 20211), and in the EU, Commission Regulation (EU) 2023/9152) and Commission Regulation (EU) 2024/19873) require the control of toxic metals contained in baby foods. ICP-MS is suitable for the analysis of trace amounts of toxic metal elements because it can perform multi-element simultaneous analysis with high sensitivity.However, baby foods vary in matrix composition, which raises concerns about non-spectral interferences and long-term stability during ICP-MS analysis. This Application News describes the analysis of five baby foods with different matrices using the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=ICPMS-2040%2F2050">ICPMS-2040/2050</a> (Fig. 1). Additionally, spike recovery tests and long-term stability were assessed based on the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Elemental Analysis Manual (EAM) Section 4.74).<h4>Equipment Configuration and Analysis Conditions&nbsp;</h4>The equipment configuration is shown in Table 2. To reduce running costs, a mini-torch with lower argon gas consumption compared to conventional torches was used for analysis. Additionally, to streamline sample preparation, an Online Internal Standard Kit was utilized for online addition.&nbsp;The analysis conditions are detailed in Table 3. After analyzing high-concentration samples, the sample introduction system can influence the analysis values of subsequent samples (carryover). If carryover occurs, re-measurement is necessary, which consumes additional time and samples. With LabSolutions ICPMS, rinse solutions can be set for each sample, enabling effective cleaning in minimal time. Normal cleaning was performed using pure water (Rinse solution 1), and an additional acid rinse solution (Rinse solution 2) was introduced only after high-concentration samples.For example, Table 4 shows the difference in carryover concentration when measuring a blank sample after introducing a sample with a CCV concentration, comparing the case where rinse solution 2 is added for an additional 240 seconds to the case where it is not. Among the elements measured this time, Se and Hg tend to have a higher risk of carryover, but by introducing rinse solution 2, carryover was reduced to below the detection limit. Moreover, even if unexpectedly high-concentration samples are introduced, the Extended Rinsing function allows for automatic additional rinsing (Fig. 3). This eliminates the need to repeatedly check analysis values or to set a uniform cleaning time uniformly, thus reducing the verification effort, the amount of rinse solution required, and the analysis time while preventing carryover.&nbsp;Furthermore, to minimize time spent cleaning the sample introduction system, ProActive Rinsing was used (Fig. 4). When measuring multiple samples, starting the rinse in advance during measurement reduces the measurement time for subsequentsamples.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>In this Application News, elemental analysis of baby food was conducted using the ICPMS-2040/2050. We achieved detection limits that met stringent standards. The spike recovery tests yielded good results for all samples with different matrices, confirming the validity of the analysis. Additionally, we analyzed 50 samples of infant formula with a high matrix over approximately six hours and confirmed good stability. The ICPMS-2040/2050 offers high sensitivity, accurate analysis, and good stability. Its Extended Rinsing and ProActive Rinsing functions effectively clean the sample introduction system, preventing carryover. Therefore, the ICPMS-2040/2050 is a suitable instrument for elemental analysis in baby food.<h3>4. Thermo Fisher Scientific: Food protection methods assessed by Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/food_protection_methods_surface_enhanced_raman_spectroscopy_an54670_en_5c5e701389.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Lipid oxidation is a major issue for the meat industry as it can not only affect&nbsp;sensory quality in terms of flavor and odor but can also lead to the formation of toxic compounds such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and cholesterol oxidation products, as well as the accumulation of carbonyls, alcohols and volatile acids. The degree of oxidation depends on various factors such as the type of meat, the fat content, the storage temperature, the availability of oxygen and the type of packaging1, 2. To prevent oxidation, synthetic antioxidants are commonly added to meat products, but consumers are now demanding more natural products3. Several studies have been carried out to evaluate the antioxidant activity of many essential oils or extracts from plants or spices such as rosemary, cinnamon or oregano, and the new trend is to develop innovative packaging by adding these natural antioxidants directly to the packaging materials4–6. These materials, often films, are known as “active packaging” because they enable the controlled release of active agents either on the surface or in the internal atmosphere of the product, or by trapping the radicals responsible for harmful effects on food quality. However, the antioxidant performance of these films must be accurately determined to enable the selection of the right packaging for each foodstuff.&nbsp;Among all the techniques available, Raman spectroscopy is a promising candidate for detecting most molecular species with high specificity and sensitivity, particularly in the presence of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS). Indeed, SERS is a physical phenomenon that occurs in the presence of a rough nano-structured metallic surface that causes the intensification of Raman signals from molecules adsorbed to the surface thanks to the combination of a chemical effect and an electromagnetic effect7 . The metals used are generally gold or silver, which can be prepared by electrochemical roughening, metallic coating, or deposition of nanoparticles (often in a colloidal form). Commercial solutions are available, but many researchers prefer to create their own SERS substrates. The scope of this work is to investigate the potential of a home-made SERS substrate to compare the lipid oxidation over time in ground pork preserved either in a low-density polyethylene (LDPE) conventional packaging or in an active packaging containing oregano extract.<h4>Material and method&nbsp;</h4>Fresh ground pork meat was purchased in bulk from a local supermarket and 22 g samples of meat were placed in 5-cm diameter polystyrene Petri dishes. Each sample was covered with an active film and packed in an LDPE bag under a normal atmosphere. Reference samples were also prepared using conventional LDPE films. All samples were stored in a refrigerator at 5 °C and their lipid extracts were analyzed after 0, 7, 9, 11, 14 and 16 days using a home-made SERS substrate based on silver nanoparticles deposited on a glass Petri dish. A special home-made cooling system was used to perform the analyses at low temperature and SERS spectra were measured at -2 °C on a <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2239">Thermo Scientific™ DXR3 Raman Microscope</a> (Waltham, MA, USA) with a 532 nm laser source, a 900 lines/mm grating covering the 50-3500 cm-1 spectral range and an x10 objective (NA 0.40). The laser power was set at 5&nbsp;mW, and 20 exposures of 30 s each were selected to acquire all data. Thermo Scientific™ OMNIC™ v. 9.2 software was used for data collection and analysis. All the measurements were performed in triplicate. As the decrease in the peak at 1655&nbsp;cm-1 (stretching of C=C bonds from unsaturation) can be attributed to lipid peroxidation, and the 1439 cm-1 (scissoring deformation of CH2) is not affected by it, the area ratio between 1655 cm-1 and 1439 cm-1 bands was calculated to follow the lipid oxidation.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>The effectiveness of a home-made SERS substrate coupled with a home-made cooling system was demonstrated for monitoring lipid oxidation in packaged ground pork meat over time. The advantages of this technique are its speed and the minimal sample handling requirements. An improvement factor of the order of 107 over conventional Raman was observed. This study also confirmed the greater efficacy of active packaging containing oregano extracts against lipid oxidation in ground pork, compared to conventional LDPE packaging.

News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 09, 2026

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezICPMS Library in the week of 6th April 2026? Check out new documents from the field of spectroscopy/spectrometry and related techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT SPECTROSCOPY/SPECTROMETRY RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezGCMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you application notes by Metrohm, Shimadzu, Thermo Fisher Scientific and Waters Corporation!<h3>1. Metrohm: Whey permeate analysis with NIRS</h3>Monitor dairy production processes easily in seconds<ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_nir_144_download_34598659f1.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Whey permeate, a byproduct of manufacturing whey protein powder, contains high amounts of lactose, phosphate, and minerals. Because of its sweet and mild taste, whey permeate is often used in bakeries and chocolate manufacturing. The key to optimizing whey permeate production is to control production streams in real time. It is important to monitor the production process with highthroughput analytical techniques to maximize product yield and ensure high product quality.&nbsp;Nearinfrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a fast, and chemicalfree analysis technique that can support this kind of testing. NIR spectroscopy can measure the most important quality parameters (i.e., protein, lactose, moisture, ash, pH, and phosphate) simultaneously in whey permeate without any sample preparation. The NIRS solution is fast, easy to operate, and can be used atline or offline in a quality control lab.<h4>EXPERIMENTAL EQUIPMENT&nbsp;</h4>158 whey permeate samples were analyzed on a <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=220&amp;search=NIR+analyzer">Metrohm NIR Analyzer</a> equipped with a small cup accessory. All measurements were performed in reflection mode (1000–2250 nm). Metrohm software was used for data acquisition and prediction model development.<h4>CONCLUSION&nbsp;</h4>This Application Note demonstrates the feasibility of using NIR spectroscopy for whey permeate quality control. Near infrared-spectroscopy is a rapid, nondestructive analytical technique that can monitor the production process of dairy products. Aside from the analysis of whey permeate, the whey protein production stream can also be monitored by NIRS.<h3>2. Shimadzu: Measurement of Residual Metal Catalysts by X-ray Fluorescence</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_01086_en_4beb25fd1d.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul><h4>User Benefits</h4><ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=ALTRACE">ALTRACE</a> can determine levels of heavy metals present in organic compounds at around 1 mg/kg in under 10 minutes per sample.</li><li>Analyzing and managing levels of residual metal catalysts can be performed by simply placing samples in the sample vessel and analyzing them without the need for complex sample pretreatment.</li><li>By increasing the X-ray tube power and optimizing the optical design, the sensitivity of ALTRACE for heavy metals has been dramatically improved compared to the previous model.</li></ul>Many industrial products we encounter every day are produced from organic compounds by manufacturing processes that utilize a range ofsynthesisreactions and metal catalysts. Catalysis can be classified as either homogeneous or heterogeneous (although drug and chemical production processes typically use homogeneous catalytic systems). While homogeneous catalysis allows for precise control over catalytic reactions, recovering the catalyst after the reaction can be difficult.&nbsp;Nevertheless, managing the levels of residual catalysts in industrial products is critical to ensure safety and because of their high costs. For example, the ICH Q3D Guideline for Elemental Impurities (adopted in April 2017) requires risk assessments when materials such as metal catalysts are added intentionally during a production process.&nbsp;Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) spectrometry offers a simple but effective technique for assessing the levels of residual metal catalysts. Normally, the lower limit of quantification for EDXRF spectrometric analysis of heavy metals is above 1 mg/kg, which limitsits use in quantitative analysis. However, the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=ALTRACE">ALTRACE</a> is equipped with a high-power X-ray tube that dramatically improves its sensitivity for heavy metals, enabling their determination at 1 mg/kg and below in lessthan 10 minutes. This Application News describes using ALTRACE to determine residual levels of a homogeneous catalyst after a synthesis reaction. The catalyst used in this analysis is palladium (Pd), which is a widely applied heavy metal catalyst, and the reaction catalyzed by the Pd catalyst is a cross-coupling reaction. A metal scavenger and activated carbon were each used to remove the Pd catalyst from the reaction products. Metal scavengers are frequently used in this role, and activated carbon offers a relatively cheap method for removing catalysts.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>Common methods of elemental impurity analysis, such as atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), ICP atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), and ICP mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), require liquid samples, so solid and powder samples must be prepared into a solution prior to analysis. However, EDXRF spectrometry can determine levels of elemental impurities regardless of the sample phase or form (solution, powder, etc.), provided the target element is distributed uniformly throughout the sample. The sensitivity of ALTRACE for heavy metals has been substantially improved compared to previous models, allowing for rapid quantitative determination of heavy metals at 1 mg/kg and below. Based on the performance presented in this article, ALTRACE is an effective tool for managing residual levels of metal catalysts.<h3>3. Thermo Fisher Scientific: The Raman Spectroscopy of Graphene and the Determination of Layer Thickness</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/raman_spectroscopy_graphene_determination_layer_thickness_an52252_29274e8aea.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Currently, a tremendous amount of study is being directed toward graphene. This interest is driven by the novel properties that graphene possesses and its potential use in a variety of application areas that include but are not limited to electronics, heat transfer, bio-sensing, membrane technology, battery technology and advanced composites. Graphene exists as a transparent two-dimensional network of carbon atoms. It can exist as a single atomic-layer thick material, or it can be readily stacked to form stable, moderately thick samples containing millions of layers—a form generally referred to as graphite. However, the interesting properties exhibited by graphene (substantial electrical and thermal conductivity, high mechanical strength, and high optical transparency) are only observed for graphene films that contain only one or a few layers. Therefore, developing technologies and devices based upon graphene’s unusual properties requires accurate determination of the layer thickness for materials under investigation. Raman spectroscopy can be employed to provide a fast, non-destructive means of determining layer thickness for graphene thin films.<h4>Instrument considerations&nbsp;</h4>There are a few specifications that should be considered when selecting a Raman instrument for graphene characterization. First, since graphene samples are usually very small, selecting a Raman instrument with microscopy capabilities is imperative.The next issue to consider is which excitation laser to select. While graphene measurements can be made successfully with any of the readily available Raman lasers, it is also important to consider the substrate that the graphene will be deposited onto. It is common for graphene to be deposited on on either Si or SiO2 substrates, and both of these materials can exhibit fluorescence with near-infrared (NIR) lasers such as 780 nm or 785 nm. For this reason, visible lasers are usually recommended, typically a 633 nm or 532 nm laser.&nbsp;Next, since relatively small wavenumber shifts can significantly impact the interpretation of the Raman spectra, it is crucial to have a robust wavelength calibration across the entire spectrum. Using a single point wavelength calibration with some other applications may be sufficient, but this only ensures that one wavelength is calibrated and leaves room for a large margin of error. A multipoint wavelength calibration that is regularly refreshed, such as the standard calibration routine used with <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products?category=184&amp;manufacturerItems=3&amp;search=dxr3">Thermo Scientific DXR3 Raman instruments</a>, will provide considerably more confidence in the results. It is also necessary to have an instrument with high wavenumber precision to observe small wavenumber shifts when altering the sample. In fact, small wavenumber shifts can represent changes in the sample rather than represent the variability from the instrument. There is a common myth that it is necessary to utilize high resolution in order to achieve high wavenumber precision. Not only is this incorrect, but a high resolution will actually add considerable noise to the spectrum, which will add to the wavenumber variability. A high degree of wavenumber precision, such as that provided by the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2239">Thermo Scientific™ DXR™3 Raman Microscope</a>, will significantly improve data confidence even when you are evaluating band shifts from low levels of strain or doping. It is also important to have exact control of your laser power at the sample and be able to adjust that laser power in small increments. This is important to control temperature-related effects and to provide flexibility to maximize Raman signal while still avoiding sample heating or damage from the laser. The DXR3 Raman systems are equipped with a unique device called a laser power regulator, which maintains laser power with unprecedented accuracy and provides exceptional ability to fine-tune laser power and optimize it for each experiment.1&nbsp;Lastly, the Raman microscope must have an automated stage and associated software to generate detailed Raman point maps. As will be seen in the next section, Raman point mapping or imaging extends the single point measurement to assess a sample’s layer thickness uniformity. The Thermo Scientific OMNIC™ Software suite contains powerful mapping and processing tools that diminish the complexity of collecting highly detailed maps and interpreting their results.<h4>Conclusions&nbsp;</h4>Raman spectroscopy is an excellent tool for the characterization of graphene and layer thickness. Few techniques will provide as much information about the structure of graphene samples as Raman spectroscopy, and any lab doing graphene characterization without Raman would be at a significant disadvantage. The DXR3 Raman Microscope is an ideal Raman instrument for graphene characterization because it can provide the high level of stability, control, and sensitivity needed to produce confident results.<h3>4. Waters Corporation: See What’s Really in Your Formulation with Backgrounded Membrane Imaging</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/720009098_en_5d36d71789.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Protein aggregation in therapeutic protein products can induce adverse immunogenic responses in patients1–4 . Per the FDA’s recommendations, “strategies to minimize aggregate formation should be developed as early as feasible in product development”5 and “an assessment should be made of the range and levels of subvisible particles (2–10 µm) present in therapeutic protein products initially and over the course of the shelf life”.5 Yet, accurate subvisible protein aggregation analysis has remained elusive to protein drug formulators since current subvisible analyzers are not sensitive enough to measure protein aggregates effectively. In this application note, we explore how backgrounded membrane imaging (BMI), a high refractive index contrast technique used by the HORIZON particle analysis system, performs highly sensitive measurements of subvisible protein aggregates in the 2 µm–4 mm size range, enabling 30% higher reproducibility compared to flow imaging.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>When studying the impact of protein aggregate refractive index, IgG protein aggregates analyzed on both the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=5&amp;search=HORIZON">HORIZON® instrument</a> and flow imager systems produced equivalent particle count trends. However, the HORIZON® system was more sensitive (measured more overall counts) and had overall lower variability with average CVs of 14.4% compared to the flow imager which produced average CVs of 20.1%. The differences in variability and counts were most pronounced at lower concentrations and size range respectively. Given that most particles in a therapeutic drug formulation are small, the inability of flow imagers to accurately count the smallest of protein aggregates has a dramatic impact on the total number of particles measured. This can mean an undercounting by as much as 3–10X depending on the protein and formulation conditions.&nbsp;High variability at low concentrations in flow imagers can pose a hurdle for early stage analysis were sample is scarce. In low volume analysis (&lt;250 µL), the possibility of measuring fewer particles increases, therefore it is imperative to have high sensitivity measurements when already challenged by low sampling statistics.&nbsp;In the excipient effect study, sucrose did not have an impact on the overall particle counts when measured using the HORIZON® system. This contrasts with previous studies comparing excipient effects on three flow imagers.10 In each case, the particle counts decreased up to 30% or more using standard sucrose formulation concentrations of 0–20%. The difference between the data generated by BMI and FI can be attributed to the fact that the HORIZON® instrument is not affected by particle or solution refractive index.&nbsp;Flow imagers are deeply vulnerable to the impact of refractive index when measuring protein aggregates due to their translucency and the negative impact of surfactants. Due to this basic optical phenomenon, flow imagers can dramatically undersize and undercount particles. Finding the right tool for the job will have a critical impact on data accuracy and sensitivity. Powered with BMI, the HORIZON® system provides high refractive index contrast analysis to enable accurate, robust, and sensitive subvisible particle counting from 2 µm–4 mm in as little as 25 µL of sample and 96 samples in under 2 hours.

News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 15, 2026

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezICPMS Library in the week of 13th April 2026? Check out new documents from the field of spectroscopy/spectrometry and related techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT SPECTROSCOPY/SPECTROMETRY RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezGCMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you application notes by Metrohm, Shimadzu and Waters Corporation and other document byThermo Fisher Scientific!<h3>1. Metrohm: Dried pet food analysis by nearinfrared spectroscopy (NIRS)</h3>Rapid determination of moisture, protein, fat, and ash<ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_nir_129_download_9ff310dbb5.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Pet food testing involves accurate monitoring and control of moisture, protein, fat, and ash content. This allows pet food manufacturers to satisfy nutritional adequacy requirements, meet regulatory guidelines, and provide high-quality foods to pet owners. Traditional analysis methods are often slow and laborintensive. Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy provides a fast, nondestructive alternative for analyzing these key quality control parameters with minimal sample preparation. This study evaluates the use of NIR spectroscopy in the pet food industry for efficient and reliable quality control during dried pet food production.<h4>EXPERIMENTAL EQUIPMENT&nbsp;</h4>199 dried pet food samples (mainly dog and cat food) from different suppliers were analyzed in whole and ground forms on an <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=220&amp;search=OMNIS+NIR">OMNIS NIR Analyzer</a> Solid (Figure 1). The samples were added to an OMNIS sample cup and analyzed in diffuse reflection mode. To include sample variety, the sample rotated during measurement to collect spectra from different locations. The automatically averaged spectra were used for model development. Reference values were obtained by official methods such as ISO 6496 (moisture), ISO 5983 (protein), ISO 5984 (ash), and ISO 6492 (fat).<h4>CONCLUSION</h4>This Application Note demonstrates the feasibility of using NIR spectroscopy for the analysis of several pet food quality parameters, including protein, moisture, fat, and ash. Results indicate that lower prediction errors can be obtained when grinding pet food samples before their analysis. A comparison between different methods used for the analysis of pet food clearly highlights the significant time-saving potential of NIR spectroscopy (Table 1). Furthermore, the simplicity of the analysis and the availability of a pre-calibrated instrument, using the pre-calibration, dry pet food, solid (6.06008.027), make both the implementation and the application of NIR spectroscopy with OMNIS NIRS straightforward.<h3>2. Shimadzu: Determination of Elemental Impurities in Bioethanol Using ICP-MS</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_01021_en_942f8087b2.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul><h4>User Benefits</h4><ul><li>Bioethanol samples can be directly injected into ICP-MS for analysis.</li><li>Trace elements can be accurately determined with high sensitivity.</li></ul>To achieve carbon neutrality, bioethanol is expected to be one of the alternative energy sources to fossil fuels. First-generation bioethanol, produced mainly from corn, sugarcane, and similar crops, has been widely used. However, to avoid competition with food supplies, research and development are also advancing on second-generation bioethanol produced from non-food raw materials such as cellulosic materials. For example in Japan, seven companies including Toyota Motor Corporation have formed the raBit (Research Association of Biomass Innovation for Next Generation Automobile Fuels) to advance technologies for next-generation bioethanol. Shimadzu is also participating as a supporting member to promote R&amp;D through technical cooperation for analysis.&nbsp;Fuels in which bioethanol is blended into gasoline are referred to as E5 (up to 5% bioethanol), E10 (up to 10% bioethanol), etc.; using these fuels in vehicles can reduce environmental impact. At the same time, ethanol blended into gasoline and used as a fuel is required to meet trace element concentration limits (e.g., for copper) specified in standards such as ASTM D48061) and EN 153762). ICP-OES is commonly used for these analyses, but when ultra-trace impurity levels must be measured, higher-sensitivity ICP-MS is more suitable.&nbsp;In this Application, trace elements in first-generation and second-generation bioethanol were determined using the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=ICPMS-2050">ICPMS-2050</a> (Fig. 1). Spike recoveries were also evaluated to confirm the validity of the analytical results.<h4>Conclusion</h4>In this Application, bioethanol was introduced directly into the ICPMS-2050 using an organic solvent introduction system to determine trace elements. Good spike recoveries were obtained, demonstrating that bioethanol can be analyzed accurately by direct injection.<h3>3. Thermo Fisher Scientific: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2364">Thermo Scientific™ Nicolet™ FTIR</a> and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2239">Thermo Scientific™ DXR Raman Microscope</a> Solutions</h3><ul><li>Other document</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/FL_52919_microspectroscopy_portfolio_flyer_516ee05816.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Microspectroscopy has become an essential tool in modern analytical laboratories, enabling detailed chemical identification and spatial analysis at the microscale. Whether working in pharmaceuticals, materials science, forensics, or electronics, selecting the right combination of FTIR or Raman microscopy is critical for achieving accurate and efficient results.Thermo Scientific offers a comprehensive portfolio of FTIR and Raman microscope solutions designed to match different analytical needs, user expertise levels, and throughput requirements. From routine QA/QC to advanced research applications, these systems provide scalable solutions for a wide range of analytical challenges .<h4>Matching the Right Tool to Your Application</h4>The portfolio is structured to help users “find their best fit” based on analytical complexity, required spatial resolution, and workflow demands. Entry-level configurations, such as the SurveyIR™ microspectroscopy accessory combined with Nicolet FTIR spectrometers, are ideal for routine identification tasks in QA/QC environments.As analytical needs increase, systems such as the Nicolet iN5 IR microscope with <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2364">Nicolet iS20 FTIR</a> offer improved spatial resolution and flexibility for more frequent analyses. These solutions are particularly suitable for laboratories performing regular identification of materials with moderate complexity.For advanced analytical workflows, integrated systems like the Nicolet iN10 IR microscope or Nicolet RaptIR+™ FTIR microscope provide enhanced capabilities, including spatial distribution analysis and high-resolution measurements down to the micrometer scale. These systems are designed for analytical service labs and R&amp;D environments where both identification and morphological insights are required.<h4>Expanding Capabilities with Raman Microscopy</h4>Raman microscopy complements FTIR by enabling high-resolution chemical imaging and analysis of complex samples. Systems such as the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2239">DXR3 Raman microscope</a> and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2237">DXR3xi Raman imaging microscope</a> extend analytical capabilities to submicron spatial resolution, making them ideal for advanced research applications.These instruments allow users to not only identify compounds but also visualize their spatial distribution and morphology within a sample. This is particularly valuable in fields such as nanomaterials, semiconductors, and life sciences, where detailed structural and compositional information is required.<h4>From Identification to Imaging</h4>One of the key differentiators across the portfolio is the ability to move from simple identification to comprehensive imaging:<ul><li>Single-point analysis is available across all systems for rapid material identification</li><li>Small-area analysis enables localized chemical characterization</li><li>Large-area and spatial mapping provide insights into distribution and heterogeneity</li></ul>Higher-end systems, such as imaging microscopes, combine these capabilities with advanced automation and data processing tools, allowing users to efficiently analyze complex samples and extract meaningful insights .<h3>4. Waters Corporation: Accurate Particles Characterization in Lipid Nanoparticle Therapies</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/720009097_en_15af008f22.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have emerged as one of the most promising drug delivery methods1. LNPs encapsulate genetic material in submicrometer sized lipid vesicles, deliver large biologic payloads, exhibit low immunogenicity, and can enable large manufacturing scalability as seen with the Moderna® and Pfizer® mRNA COVID-19 vaccines. Like all biologics, LNPs can be physically unstable2, aggregate, and form subvisible particles (SVPs), and thus need to be properly formulated and evaluated for physical and chemical stability3. The next generation of LNPs are even more chemically and biologically complex than their predecessors1, presenting unique challenges in both their stability and manufacturability. Accurate low volume subvisible particle measurements will form a critical aspect of the quality assessment of LNPs.&nbsp;Like all injectables, LNPs are subject to USP 787/788 SVP testing4 . However, USP 788 compendial Method 1, light obscuration (LO), is deemed “unsuitable to measure liposomal and colloidal suspensions” as stated in the chapter. In fact, USP 788 recommends membrane microscopy (Compendial Method 2) for measuring liposomal formulations, given LO’s inability to handle solutions with a complex matrix4. Aura uses Backgrounded Membrane Imaging (BMI), a form of membrane microscopy that enables high throughput, low volume subvisible particle characterization. In this application note, we demonstrate how Aura™ GT System can accurately and thoroughly characterize the subvisible particle content of LNPs with volumes as little as 25 µL per sample. We focus on the analysis of two LNP samples formulated in different buffers and subjected temperature and freeze thaw stresses. In addition, we use Aura GT’s SYBR™ Gold assay5 to help characterize nucleic acid escape in stressed LNP samples and quantitatively analyze the stability and purity of these samples.<h4>Experimental</h4><h5>Particle Measurements&nbsp;</h5>LNP samples were measured using BMI and Fluorescence Membrane Microscopy (FMM) using <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=5&amp;search=aura+gt">Aura GT </a>on a black membrane plate. This procedure was adapted for each stress condition three wells were loaded with 25uL per well, and the filtrate stained with 1x SYBR Gold (2% v/v DMSO in PBS) for 1 min prior to FMM measurements. This procedure was adapted from Application note 16.5<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>Both samples A and B showed significant subvisible particle formation, more than 1x10^6/mL &gt;2 µm across most conditions except thermal stress, pointing to inherently unstable LNP formulations. Freeze thaw cycles significantly increased subvisible particle formation, while heat stress significantly reduced the subvisible particle concentration across both samples. Compared to protein formulations, this heat stress effect may appear unconventional. However, considering the LNP composition and upon further look at the literature, we are able to understand this phenomenon and conclude that significant heat stress can break a liposomal formulation apart3 , increasing the LNP solubility and thereby resulting in less insoluble particles captured on the membrane. On the other hand, freeze thawing produces more insoluble aggregates, thereby increasing subvisible counts as shown in BMI, exhibiting similar behavior to heat induced aggregation as in most protein formulations. A recurring theme in subvisible particle stability is that each formulation exhibits its own particle profile, LNPs are no exception. Another interesting data point is that freeze thawed LNPs showed significant SYBR Gold staining, whereas unstressed LNPs did not, indicating a unique nucleic acid leakage or rupture behavior for this type of stress. Finally, we also observed that buffer type did not significantly impact the subvisible particle count (data not shown). Whilst we observed significant particle counts across all samples tested, pH and buffer variance did not significantly increase particle formation. Indeed, several LNP formulations have reported robust stability profiles across a variety of buffers3 . Filtration of the final product may not be appropriate, as particle formation occurs following filtration, most likely in a concentration dependent manner (Figure 4). Multiple filtration steps, whilst able to clear the product, will undoubtedly result in reduced concentration of pharmacologically active LNPs and as a function of time particles will return as described in our “What Happens When I Filter My Sample” Application Note 21.&nbsp;In conclusion, Aura enables high throughput, low volume, accurate sub-visible particle analysis with direct applicability for LNP stability assessment. Arcane particle analysers, unsuitable for LNP assessment, will struggle to overcome the challenges associated with the physical and chemical complexity of LNPs. Indeed, Aura resolved these key challenges, providing a solution to sub-visible particle analysis of LNPs, from early stage inception through to product release.

News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 16, 2026

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezICPMS Library in the week of 20th April 2026? Check out new documents from the field of spectroscopy/spectrometry and related techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT SPECTROSCOPY/SPECTROMETRY RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezGCMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you white paper by Metrohm and application notes by Shimadzu, Thermo Fisher Scientific and Waters Corporation!<h3>1. Metrohm: Why switch to OMNIS Client/Server (C/S)?</h3><ul><li>Other document</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/WP_097_EN_3a0ff88144.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>This White Paper outlines the key benefits of <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=220&amp;search=OMNIS+software">OMNIS</a>, highlighting its scalability, cost-saving potential, and the positive impact it lends to overall business performance. The following sections cover more specific advantages of OMNIS, providing detailed insights into how this innovative solution can transform server management and drive significant cost reductions. Whether you are a small business looking to optimize your IT infrastructure or a large enterprise seeking to enhance operational efficiency, OMNIS offers a robust and scalable solution that can meet your needs.&nbsp;The cost savings for two different scenarios are calculated in this White Paper: medium- and large-scale organizations. For mid-sized environments involving 20 laboratory locations, the OMNIS Client/Server solution offers significant savings by reducing the number of servers tenfold—from 20 to just 2. For large-scale organizations with 60 laboratory locations worldwide, the solution enables substantial cost reductions by decreasing the number of servers from 60 to 6. These calculations demonstrate the scalability and costeffectiveness of the OMNIS Client/Server solution across various customer environments.<h4>COMPARISON OF TIAMO™ MULTI AND OMNIS CLIENT/SERVER&nbsp;</h4><h5>SCALABILITY&nbsp;</h5>tiamo™ multi Limitations&nbsp;A dedicated tiamo™ multi server is needed for each laboratory location.OMNIS C/S Advantages&nbsp;OMNIS C/S offers exceptional scalability, allowing businesses to easily expand their server infrastructure as needed. This means that as the business grows, OMNIS can seamlessly accommodate increased demand without compromising performance or efficiency. OMNIS is designed to scale up over many locations and countries without any negative impact on performance in a wide area network installation (WAN). By reducing the number of servers required to support operations, OMNIS C/S helps organizations achieve significant cost savings. This includes lower hardware costs, reduced energy consumption, and decreased maintenance expenses, resulting in substantial annual savings.<h5>ANALYSIS METHODS</h5>tiamo™ multi Limitations&nbsp;tiamo™ was designed as a pure titration measurement software solution.OMNIS C/S Advantages&nbsp;OMNIS is designed as a multiple measurement technology platform currently supporting titration, near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, and process analytics. The platform will be continuously extended to support even more measurement technologies and devices in the future<h4>CONCLUSION&nbsp;</h4>The OMNIS Client/Server solution offers a transformative approach to managing server infrastructure for laboratory environments through centralization. By leveraging its unique scaling features, OMNIS enables significant cost savings and increased operational efficiency for both medium- and large-scale organizations.<h3>2. Shimadzu: Measurement of Fixed Carbon, Volatile Matter, and Ash of Biocoke</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_01136_en_c6a762bf92.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul><h4>User Benefits</h4><ul><li>The fixed carbon, volatile matter, and ash of biocoke can be measured by the DTG-60.</li><li>The combustion characteristics of biocoke can also be evaluated by using the DTG-60.</li><li>TG-DTA measurement can simultaneously grasp the endothermic and exothermic behaviors during pyrolysis and combustion, allowing a more comprehensive evaluation.</li></ul>Biocoke is a type of solid fuel produced using plant-derived organic resources (biomass) as the raw materials. Biocoke enables high-temperature combustion over an extended time period, and has also attracted attention as a zero-emission fuel which does not generate waste in the production process. It is produced by heating biomass under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions. A stable fuel with high compressive strength can be obtained by this process, allowing easy transportation and storage, as well as long-term preservation. As a fuel for industrial furnaces and boilers, biocoke is used as a substitute for conventional fossil fuels. It is also expected to be used as a sustainable energy source because its CO2 emissions are lower than those of fossil fuels. The diversity of the raw materials that can be used to produce biocoke, which include woody materials and agricultural residues, is also another feature.&nbsp;In this article, the volatile matter, fixed carbon, and ash of biocokes produced from waste wood and buckwheat husks were evaluated using a Shimadzu DTG-60 simultaneous TG/DTA.<h4>Evaluation of Combustion Characteristics by TG-DTA Measurement</h4>TG-DTA measurements of the size-adjusted waste wood biocoke and buckwheat husk biocoke were conducted under an air atmosphere.<ul><li>Instrument: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=DTG-60">DTG-60&nbsp;</a></li><li>Heating rate: 10 ˚C/min&nbsp;</li><li>Temperature range: 30 ˚C - 700 ˚C&nbsp;</li><li>Sample weight: 8 mg&nbsp;</li><li>Atmosphere: Air</li></ul><h4>Conclusion</h4>The combustion characteristics and fixed carbon content of waste wood biocoke and buckwheat husk biocoke were evaluated using a DTG-60 simultaneous TG/DTA. TG-DTA measurement is an effective method which can determine the combustion characteristics of biocokes under an air atmosphere and the composition ratio of the volatile matter, fixed carbon, and ash under a nitrogen atmosphere. Moreover, TG-DTA enables a more comprehensive evaluation, as the endothermic and exothermic behaviors during pyrolysis and combustion can be measured simultaneously. Since the properties of various types of biocokes differ depending on the raw material used and the production conditions, TG-DTA measurement is also useful for comparative studies of biocoke quality. In addition, when a mixture of various types of biomass is to be used, it is important to know the carbon content (fixed carbon content) of each raw material.<h3>3. Thermo Fisher Scientific: Classification of polyethylene by Raman spectroscopy</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/AN_52301_classification_polyethylene_Raman_spectroscopy_app_note_05122821c5.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Polyethylene (PE) is one of the most common plastics in the world with annual global production of around 80 million tons.1 Based on density, polyethylene is generally classified as high-density polyethylene (HDPE, &gt; 0.940 g/cm3 ) or low-density polyethylene (LDPE, &lt; 0.930 g/cm3 ).2 These different density polyethylene’s have vastly different physical, chemical, and mechanical properties, and hence are used in different applications. For example, HDPE is primarily used for milk jugs, detergent bottles, garbage containers, and water pipes, due to its high tensile strength; LDPE, on the other hand, has a lower tensile strength and is used mainly for plastic bags and wraps. Therefore, density is one the most important properties of polyethylene, and classifying them according to their density is essential for proper PE specification.&nbsp;Bulk PEs are manufactured as pellets (resins, granules), and later converted to other forms (such as films and pipes) using extrusion or molding processes. They are also made into multilayer films for a wide range of industrial applications like food and consumer product packaging. The density of bulk PE pellets and single-layer PE films can be measured and classified with relative ease using several standard techniques: ISO 1183-1/ASTM D792 (immersion method),3 ISO 1183-2/ASTM D1505 (density gradient method),4 and ASTM D4883 (ultrasound method).5 However, all these techniques require the PE in its “pure” form, which can be challenging in the case of PE in multilayer films. Extensive sample preparations (microtoming, separation of layers by dissolving in solvents) are often required6 to isolate the PE layer before analysis, which can be labor-intensive and time-consuming.&nbsp;Raman spectroscopy is sensitive to changes in the molecular structure level of PE, such as the degree of crystallinity, which is the key determining factor of PE density.7,8 More importantly, the confocal capability of Raman microscopy allows for facile in situ analysis of individual PE layers in multilayer films without the need to isolate the PE layer. To our best knowledge, PE density measurement using Raman has been limited to PE pellets.7,8 In this work, we want to systematically explore the feasibility of using confocal Raman microscopy for PE film density analysis, both qualitatively and quantitatively. We demonstrate that Raman microscopy in combination with the discriminant analysis method can be successfully applied to distinguish HDPE and LDPE in both pellet and film forms.<h4>Experimental</h4><h5>Method description</h5>A <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=3&amp;search=DXR2+Raman+microscope">Thermo Scientific™ DXR2 Raman Microscope</a> was used for the collection of Raman data. For each type/class of the pellet samples, Raman spectra were collected from 3 different pellets and averaged. For each film sample, Raman spectra were collected from 3-4 locations across the surface of the sample. An averaged spectrum was then used for final analysis.A 532 nm laser was used with a 2 mW laser power at the sample. A 10x objective and a 50 μm slit aperture were used to obtain more representative spectra from the samples. Total acquisition time for each spectrum was 30 seconds (3 second exposure x 10 exposures). Thermo Scientific™ OMNIC™ software was used for operation of the DXR2 Raman Microscope, and collection of Raman spectra; Thermo Scientific™ TQ Analyst™ software was used for chemometric analysis of the Raman data.<h4>Conclusion</h4>In this application note, we have successfully demonstrated the use of a Thermo Scientific DXR2 Raman Microscope, in combination with the TQ Analyst software, to classify polyethylene’s of different density classes in both pellet and film forms. Raman spectroscopy is nondestructive and requires minimal sample preparation. The classification method was created solely based on the Raman spectral features of LDPE and HDPE and was indifferent to the sample forms. Once the method is established, PE samples, pellets or films, can be correctly classified within minutes. Moreover, this work expands the scope of the previously reported study on PE pellets to include PE films, which broadens its applicability in the plastic/ polymer industry as well as many downstream industries. The described methodology should be applicable for in situ classification of thin PE layer(s) in multilayer films. The data were collected using an older model instrument DXR2 Raman microscope. Currently, Thermo Fisher Scientific offers an improved model, the DXR3 Raman Microscope, which offers superior speed and performance over its predecessor model.<h3>4. Waters Corporation: Rapidly Distinguish Protein from Non-Protein Particles in Biologic Formulations</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/720009101_en_b4370d547c.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Current subvisible analysis techniques make accurate particle identification virtually impossible. Light obscuration (LO) is a low refractive index contrast particle counting method which cannot distinguish between different particle types. Flow imaging (FI) techniques provide more information than LO, including particle images, morphological parameters and optical characteristics of particles. However, none of these features definitively identify the type of particle imaged. Flow imagers for example cannot distinguish between plastic, protein, and degraded polysorbate which are all very similar in morphology. Technologies available for detailed chemical composition ID such as Raman microscopy/spectroscopy have been used to fill in the gaps left by particle counters; however, they are tedious, require lots of expertise and extensive signal processing, and have the throughput of a single particle per several minutes of use, making the technique useful only to expert users during failure mode analysis.&nbsp;In order to fully characterize particulates and aggregates in biopharmaceutical product formulations, further information about the identity of all the particulates is crucial. Regulatory agencies expect drug manufacturers to move away from simple counting techniques and apply multiple and orthogonal methods to complement compendial methods.&nbsp;In this application note we introduce fluorescence membrane microscopy (FMM). FMM, exclusively available in the Aura™ System, is a high throughput, low volume, subvisible particle identification technology. FMM enables ultra-fast, 100% sampling efficiency, characterizing all particles from a single protein aggregate to tens of millions of particles in an entire multi-sample formulation, in under two hours.<h4>Experimental</h4>Fluorescence membrane microscopy (FMM) is a novel particle identification method that builds on backgrounded membrane imaging (BMI) to identify, categorize, and further scrutinize the most common particles in an entire bioformulation sample by using established extrinsic fluorescent dye chemistries.&nbsp;BMI, the backbone analysis technology used in the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2190">Aura</a> and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=5&amp;search=horizon">Horizon®</a> instruments, images a 96-well membrane plate before and after sample filtration, and conducts novel, high optical contrast image analysis to resolve particles from 1 µm to 5 mm in size, with a large &gt;36/mL counts dynamic range. Using fluorescent dyes, biopharmaceutical particles are stained and analyzed with FMM to confirm and quantify their presence. To enable FMM, Aura uses new membrane plates specifically manufactured to support labeled fluorescent workflows.<h4>Conclusion</h4>FMM using ThT allows one to conduct high throughput, low volume and specific protein/non-protein particle analysis. The power of FMM using ThT is the ability to obtain protein/non-protein ID for a whole 96-well plate assay down to a single individual particle in less than 90 minutes. ThT’s high solubility and specificity to protein aggregates makes it possible to differentiate protein aggregates from particles with similar morphology and refractive index like plastics and fatty acids. Compared to spectroscopic techniques, the throughput of FMM is 1000x higher, while using best in class particle sizing and counting analysis that has its roots in the wellestablished membrane microscopy found in USP 788.

News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 17, 2026

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