Chromatographic separation of monosaccharides and sugar alcohols in Na-based ligand exchange mode

Significance of the Topic

Accurate separation and quantification of monosaccharides and sugar alcohols is essential in food science, biotechnology and quality control. These compounds influence nutritional profiles, fermentation processes and product consistency, making reliable analytical methods crucial for industry and research.

Objectives and Overview of the Study

This study evaluates the performance of the Shim-pack SUR-Na column operated in sodium-based ligand exchange mode for the chromatographic separation of 20 sugars and sugar alcohols. A retention index approach is applied to characterize elution behavior under isocratic conditions.

Methodology and Instrumentation

• Instrument: Nexera lite HPLC system with refractive index detector
• Column: Shim-pack SUR-Na (250 mm × 7.8 mm I.D., 8 μm) with 50 mm guard cartridge
• Mobile phase: ultrapure water
• Flow rate: 0.6 mL/min at 80 °C

Main Results and Discussion

The method achieved baseline resolution for all 20 analytes, including oligosaccharides (raffinose, maltotriose), disaccharides (sucrose, maltose, lactose), monosaccharides (glucose, galactose, fructose), sugar alcohols (sorbitol, xylitol, mannitol) and small polyols (glycerol, inositol). Retention times followed a predictable trend based on molecular size and hydroxyl group interactions with Na+ ligand sites. The retention index values allow comparison across systems and support method transferability.

Benefits and Practical Applications

• High reproducibility and run-to-run stability without derivatization
• Universal mobile phase simplifies sample preparation and reduces solvent costs
• Applicable to quality control in food, beverage, fermentation and pharmaceutical industries

Future Trends and Opportunities

Advances in ligand-exchange stationary phases and integration with mass spectrometry offer enhanced sensitivity and selectivity. Development of retention index libraries for diverse carbohydrate classes will support automated peak identification and regulatory compliance in complex matrices.

Conclusion

The Shim-pack SUR-Na column in Na-based ligand exchange mode provides a robust, isocratic solution for detailed sugar profiling. Its predictable retention behavior and ease of use make it a valuable tool for routine analysis in multiple industries.

Reference

Shimadzu Corporation Shim-pack SUR-Na flyer (JP:C190-0562, ENG:C190-E295) First Edition Feb. 2024