Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezICPMS Library in the week of 12th January 2026? Check out new documents from the field of spectroscopy/spectrometry and related techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT SPECTROSCOPY/SPECTROMETRY RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezGCMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you application notes by Agilent Technologies, Shimadzu, and Waters Corporation and brochure by Thermo Fisher Scientific!<h3>1. Agilent Technologies: Detecting Spice Adulteration with the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=8700+LDIR">Agilent 8700 LDIR</a> Chemical Imaging System</h3>Accelerating adulterant detection in turmeric with IR spectroscopy and imaging&nbsp;<ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_spice_adulteration_8700_ldir_5994_8800en_agilent_235b48c7e6.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Spices are essential components of culinary practices worldwide, valued for their flavor, aroma, and health benefits. However, the intentional or accidental adulteration of spices with cheaper or foreign substances poses significant risks to both food quality and consumer safety. Adulteration practices often aim to increase product volume, enhance visual appeal, or mimic authentic flavors, compromising the integrity of the final product.1Common adulteration practices include substituting genuine plant materials with cheaper or visually similar ones, using inferior plant species or parts, and mixing with fillers such as corn starch, bran, or sawdust. Some products are also adulterated with chemicals to enhance flavor, inorganic substances such as sand, chalk, or red brick powder, or illegal dyes such as Sudan dyes and rhodamine B to intensify&nbsp;color.1–4&nbsp;Current tools for detecting adulteration in herbs and spices face several challenges. Sampling across complex supply chains often lacks consistency, making it difficult to obtain representative samples.5 The chemical and physical complexity of sample matrices, combined with natural variation among species and origins, complicates data interpretation.5&nbsp;In&nbsp;ground or powdered spices, the original plant structures are lost, making it difficult to visually or morphologically identify adulterants, particularly when they are fine or physically similar to the genuine&nbsp;material.6 An <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=8700+LDIR">Agilent 8700 Laser Direct Infrared (LDIR) chemical imaging system</a> (Figure&nbsp;1) was used in this study to detect spice adulteration through the integration of infrared spectroscopy and&nbsp;microscopy<h4>Experimental&nbsp;</h4>Agilent Clarity software: To evaluate the 8700 LDIR's capability in distinguishing genuine spices from common adulterants, a series of pure and adulterated samples were prepared and analyzed using the system's automated Particle Analysis (PA) workflow.<h4>Results and discussion&nbsp;</h4><h5>Identification of pure spices (turmeric)&nbsp;</h5>To verify the 8700 LDIR and the user&nbsp;generated library in identifying particles of varying sizes, shapes, and counts, the pure turmeric sample was analyzed as an "unknown". Turmeric sample identification demonstrated high spectral matching accuracy. Within the selected analysis area, 74&nbsp;particles were detected and 70&nbsp;particles (94.6%) were matched to the turmeric reference spectra in the custom library. Notably, 64 particles achieved Hit Quality Index (HQI) values exceeding 0.8, indicating strong spectral correlation and high confidence in the identification data (Figure 2).<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>This study demonstrates the suitability of the Agilent 8700 LDIR chemical imaging system with Agilent Clarity software as an effective tool for detecting adulteration in ground spices. Using the automated Particle Analysis (PA) workflow, the system quickly and reliably distinguished turmeric from both organic (corn starch) and inorganic (sand) adulterants based on their distinct IR spectral signatures.&nbsp;Differentiating between chemically similar spices remains challenging due to overlapping IR profiles. However, the 8700 LDIR system's ability to build custom spectral libraries offers flexibility for targeted authentication, allowing laboratories to adapt the system to their evolving analytical needs.&nbsp;A key advantage of the 8700 LDIR method is the speed and simplicity of sample preparation—dry powders can be analyzed directly on low-e slides without solvents or extraction. By combining the high-throughput automated PA workflow with integrated imaging, the 8700 LDIR provides a practical, time-saving solution for routine analysis in food testing&nbsp;laboratories.<h3>2. Shimadzu: Observation of the Automotive Cylindrical Lithium-Ion Battery “4680” Using a Micro-Focus X-ray CT System</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_01060_en_5e744626ad.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul><h4>User Benefits</h4><ul><li>The internal structure of the “4680” cylindrical lithium-ion battery for automotive use, which is a market trend, can be observed nondestructively.&nbsp;</li><li>Electrode placement and bonding condition can be verified, which is useful for product quality inspection.</li></ul>In recent years, with the proliferation of electric vehicles (EVs), the development of high-performance, low-cost automotive batteries has become an urgent priority. Among these, the cylindrical lithium-ion battery “4680” has attracted particular attention. Compared with the conventional “2170,” the “4680” is larger, and its energy density per cell is increased, thereby extending vehicle range. In addition, the adoption of a tab-less structure reduces internal resistance, improving charge/discharge efficiency and thermal management performance, while simplification of the manufacturing process is expected to reduce cost. Owing to these characteristics, the “4680” is drawing attention across both industry and academia as a core technology for next-generation EVs. Meanwhile, lithium-ion batteries are always subject to concerns about the risk of ignition and explosion due to internal short circuits or foreign matter inclusion. Because X-ray CT enables nondestructive testing (NDT) with three-dimensional visualization of internal structures, it is possible to detect fine defects such as electrode misalignment, separator damage, and foreign matter inclusion.&nbsp;This article introduces a case study in which the cylindrical lithium-ion battery “4680” for automotive applications was observed using the microfocus <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=inspeXio+7000">X-ray CT system inspeXio 7000</a> (Fig. 1).<h4>Conclusion</h4>We presented a case study of imaging the cylindrical lithium-ion battery “4680” using a microfocus X-ray CT system. By nondestructively visualizing its three-dimensional structure, it is possible to obtain important information on the battery’s internal structure, such as the arrangement of electrodes and their bonding state. Thus, X-ray CT is shown to be a powerful tool that contributesto the advancement of battery technology.<h3>3. Thermo Fisher Scientific: MarqMetrix All-In-One X Process Raman Analyzer</h3>Enabling accurate, real-time results for process monitoring in hazardous locations<ul><li>Brochure</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/marqmetrix_all_in_one_x_process_raman_analyzer_ds1339_en_c1739807d2.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>The <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2208">Thermo Scientific™ MarqMetrix™ All-In-One X Process Raman Analyzer </a>is a compact, portable spectrometer designed for fast deployment and ease of use. Built for industries where rapid time-to-results is critical, it is designed to be intrinsically and inherently safe for operation within hazardous locations, in such applications as:&nbsp;<ul><li>Midstream and downstream oil &amp; gas operations&nbsp;</li><li>Chemical and polymer applications&nbsp;</li><li>Pharmaceutical development and manufacturing</li></ul><h4>The MarqMetrix All-In-One X Analyzer offers multiple operational advantages:&nbsp;</h4><ul><li>Analysis without sample preparation, delivering Raman spectral results in real time&nbsp;</li><li>Easy setup and deployment by non-spectroscopists&nbsp;</li><li>Intrinsically and inherently safe optical power to robust probes, which can be deployed in hazardous locations: up to ATEX Zone 0 (Europe &amp; Middle East), IECEx (Asia), and Class 1 Div 1 (North America)&nbsp;</li><li>Nondestructive workflows to protect precious samples&nbsp;</li><li>A small footprint for convenient deployment&nbsp;</li><li>Factory calibration for hardware stability and portability&nbsp;</li></ul>The MarqMetrix All-In-One X Process Raman Analyzer is designed for out-of-the-box use, enabling you to be ready in less than 15 minutes to collect highly accurate Raman measurements. Pack this analyzer in a protective case and take it to the point of need; its factory calibration ensures continuous and precise analysis on the go. Easily integrate the MarqMetrix All-In-One X Process Raman Analyzer into your existing process without the need for costly technical expertise. Once implemented, the analyzer enables operators in hazardous locations to make faster, safer, and smarter decisions by delivering real-time compositional insights directly on site.<h3>4. Waters Corporation: Residual Dynabeads Detection with <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2190">Aura+</a></h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/720009096_en_aeb7e4288f.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Autologous cell therapies have seen explosive growth as evidenced by the recent landmark FDA approvals of two CAR-T cell therapies, Yescarta® and Kymriah®. 1 Dynabeads™ are commonly used in cell therapy manufacturing process to expand and activate CAR-T cells.2 CD3/CD28 Dynabeads specifically are one of the leading approved GMP expression beads for T cell therapies and are key to achieving the potency required of these novel medicines. Dynabeads are also efficiently removed from the final product to ensure final purity. However, residual CD3/CD28 beads present a significant risk patients’ safety and therefore are generally kept below a widely accepted but not yet regulatory controlled limit of 100 residual beads per 3,000,000 cells.3–4&nbsp;Residual bead analysis is currently performed with manual hemocytometry that uses light microscopy and manual counting. However, manual hemocytometry is prone to human error, which leads to significant bead undercounting because it is incredibly difficult to find and differentiate between Dynabeads and cells in a sample, making residual bead counting one of the most challenging cell therapy lot release assays. Other traditional cell and subvisible analysis tools, including flow cytometers, also undercount beads and cannot differentiate residual Dynabeads from cells and other subvisible particles.&nbsp;In this technical note, we show step-by-step how Aura CL and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2190">Aura+</a> enable fast, accurate, sensitive, and specific residual Dynabead detection in a concentrated cell therapy product. Powered by backgrounded membrane imaging (BMI) to characterize the entire cell therapy particle population and side illumination membrane imaging (SIMI) to specifically detect Dynabeads, Aura® CL and Aura®+ are the first and only tailored solutions to find and count these hard to detect contaminants.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>Analysis of the cell therapy sample on Aura CL or Aura+ begins with the BMI well image, where sharp contrast, high resolution optics provide the landscape to count and size all the particles in your cell therapy product. SIMI imaging, which is run at the same time as BMI, enables the differentiation of biologic vs. non-biologic particles which is essential to this application. Figures 2 and 3 capture how BMI detects all particles present in a cell therapy sample, while SIMI mode selects for particles of higher refractive index contrast. In BMI mode, cells, Dynabeads, and mixtures of the two were all easily visible. However, in SIMI mode, only the residual Dynabeads were detected both in the standard high-throughput 4x mode and in the 10x high magnification mode. This is essential for specific detection of residual Dynabeads given their low abundance in a highly concentrated cell sample as shown in Figure 4. We determined that the limit of quantitation (LOQ) of Dynabeads is &lt;1 bead/well (or 18 beads/mL of sample), well below the hemacytometer residual bead detection rate of 1 bead per 10,000 cells. Additionally, the bead counts in our dilution series exhibited a linear relationship, measuring an R2 of 0.98. Using Aura CL or Aura+ for residual Dynabead detection provides greater accuracy and higher-throughput in counting compared to the cumbersome and error prone currently used methods. Resolving false positive counts can be easily rectified by measuring the particles at higher magnification, where single Dynabeads identity can be confirmed by size. Aura CL and Aura+ deliver the only automated way of measuring single Dynabeads in concentrated cell therapy solutions, while also offering built in orthogonal confirmation through various objectives and light sources.

News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 03, 2026

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezICPMS Library in the week of 26th January 2026? Check out new documents from the field of spectroscopy/spectrometry and related techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT SPECTROSCOPY/SPECTROMETRY RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezGCMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you application notes by Agilent Technologies, Metrohm and Shimadzu and brochure by Thermo Fisher Scientific!<h3>1. Agilent Technologies: Thin Multilayer Analysis Using the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=8700+LDIR">Agilent 8700 LDIR</a> Chemical Imaging System</h3>Rapid micrometer-scale measurement of layer thickness and composition identification in laminated materials<ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_thin_multilayer_materials_8700_ldir_5994_8799en_agilent_892afacbb6.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Multilayer laminate materials represent a structurally and chemically complex system. They often comprise several distinct polymer layers that are engineered for specific functional roles, despite having total thicknesses of only a few hundred microns. Each layer contributes unique properties such as mechanical strength, barrier performance, or environmental protection, depending on its chemical composition and thickness. Accurate identification and measurement of these thin layers is therefore critical, as defects or deviations in layer thickness can compromise product integrity. Weaknesses can cause failures through damage, potentially resulting in safety issues for the user.Precise mapping and micrometer-scale thickness analysis is essential during the development, quality control, and troubleshooting of multilayer materials. The <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=8700+LDIR">Agilent 8700 Laser Direct Infrared (LDIR) chemical imaging system</a> offers a powerful solution for this application. By combining IR spectroscopy with high-resolution imaging, the system enables chemical identification and visualization of polymer layers with exceptional spatial detail. Enhanced by the intuitive Agilent Clarity software, the 8700 LDIR delivers a fast and effective workflow for multilayer material characterization, addressing key needs in quality assurance, failure analysis, and reverse engineering.&nbsp;<h4>Results and discussion&nbsp;</h4><h5>User-generated spectral library&nbsp;</h5>Following sample preparation, the 8700 LDIR high‑magnification visible camera provided an overview of the laminate structure of sample 1, revealing three distinct layers. The total thickness of the sample and each layer was measured using the Clarity software ruler feature. As shown in Figure 3, the total thickness of sample 1 based on the visible image was measured to be 150 µm (layer 1: 50 µm; layer 2: 50 µm; layer 3: 50 µm). A high‑resolution IR image was then acquired at 1,442 cm–1 with a 1 µm pixel size, enabling detailed visualization of the layer morphology under infrared light (Figure 3).<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>The Agilent 8700 LDIR chemical imaging system provides a powerful, non-destructive solution for multilayer analysis across diverse applications ranging from food packaging to battery separators. By combining a laminate holder, high-magnification imaging, IR imaging, and line profile spectral collection, the method delivers clear insights into layer thickness, morphology, and material composition. The ability to quickly build custom spectral libraries within the Agilent Clarity software further enhances its utility, especially for identifying unknown materials or contaminants in multilayer&nbsp;materials. The 8700 LDIR multilayer analysis workflow supports both R&amp;D innovation in advanced materials and routine quality assurance across different industries.<h3>2. Metrohm: Almond analysis with near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy</h3>Multiparameter determination of moisture, fat, and protein<ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_nir_132_download_ab5d492c05.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Almonds are nutritious edible nuts from the almond tree and can be eaten whole or processed in other foods. During processing, quality control (QC) parameters like moisture levels are checked to ensure that the correct percentage is reached before moving on to other stages (e.g., grinding or packaging). When determining almond quality, destructive analytical techniques are helpful but can involve extensive sample preparation and solvent extractions. These traditional techniques are also slow and expensive. Nondestructive near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a great alternative because it is fast, simple, and cost effective [1]. In this study, almond moisture content (water content), protein content, and fat have been measured using NIRS. NIR spectroscopy offers the rapid and reliable prediction of several quality parameters in seconds without any sample preparation.<h4>EXPERIMENTAL EQUIPMENT&nbsp;</h4>60 samples of ground almonds and 60 samples of whole almonds were measured on a <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=220&amp;search=NIR+Analyzer">Metrohm NIR Analyzer</a>. All measurements were performed in reflection mode (1000–2250 nm) using the large cup accessory. The samples were measured in rotation to collect spectral data from diverse areas. Spectral averaging of signals from several spots helped to reduce sample inhomogeneity. Metrohm software was used for all data acquisition and prediction model development.<h4>CONCLUSION</h4>This Application Note demonstrates that almond protein content analysis, almond fat content analysis, and almond water content (or almond moisture content) analysis can be done with NIRS. NIR spectroscopy offers users a faster, simpler, highly accurate alternative to standard analytical methods for the analysis of ground and whole almonds during processing and final product quality control (Table 1). By using NIRS, all of these parameters can be measured simultaneously without sample preparation, saving time and money.<h3>3. Shimadzu: Technique for Measuring Microplastics Collected on Various Filters Using a Particle Filter Holder</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_00976_en_155bd58551.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul><h4>User Benefits</h4><ul><li>Particle filter holders provide clear microscope images of samples, enabling highly accurate measurements.</li><li>Microplastics can be analyzed accurately and efficiently by using a particle filter holder with a high-speed mapping program and a particle analysis program.</li></ul>Since microplastics (MPs) (with diameters ranging from a few µm up to 5 mm) are widely recognized as an environmental problem in marine environments, Japan’s Ministry of the Environment has issued guidelines for preparation and measuring MPs in environmental surface waters. 1)&nbsp;The guidelines include examples of using a Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR) to identify plastics by the total reflectance measurement method. However, to identify fine MPs, they recommend using instruments like infrared microscopes.&nbsp;In recent years, an increasing number of studies have analyzed fine MPs smaller than 100 µm. Measuring MPs with an infrared microscope requires collecting samples on a filter. Various types of filters can be used for infrared microscopes, each with unique characteristics. But if a filter cannot be held horizontal during drying or measuring, it can develop wrinkles that might decrease measurement accuracy. Therefore, a particle filter (PF) holder was developed that can be placed directly on an infrared microscope stage while holding the filter horizontally. This article describes using the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=IRXross">IRXross Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer</a>, an <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=AIMsight">AIMsight infrared microscope</a> (Fig. 1), and a PF holder to evaluate the properties of various filters and measure a standard sample of MPs.<h4>Example of Measuring MPs&nbsp;</h4>Polystyrene (PS), polyethylene (PE), and polypropylene (PP) particles that fell through a 100 µm mesh were dispersed in purified water. They were then collected by suction filtering through PTFE, Al2O3, Au/PC, and stainless steel filters (Table 1). After collecting the particles, the filters were dried using a PF holder. Fig. 5 shows the filter holder placed in the infrared microscope. Measurement condition settings are indicated in Table 2. The PTFE and Al2O3 filters were measured by the transmission method, whereas the stainless steel and Au/PC filters were measured by the reflection method. For the highspeed mapping program in this measurement, a peak detection range of 3,400 to 2,400 cm-1 was specified for detecting the signal from hydrocarbons (C-H). If there are peaks in that range, the range will be scanned the specified number of times. A tiled image of each filter is shown in Fig. 6. The areas marked with a yellow box were measured. For more information about the high-speed mapping program, refer to <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_01001_en_79904665ce.pdf">Application News No. 01-01001-EN</a>.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>This article describes using a PF holder to collect fine microplastic particles on various types of filters, and it provides a summary of the characteristics of each filter. Since there are differences in the wavenumber ranges and data acquisition methods for each filter type, users need to understand the individual characteristics of a filter when using it. The results also show that by using a PF holder to hold the filter flat, fine microplastic particles can be conveniently measured with an infrared microscope to obtain clear images and accurate measurements. Furthermore, a highspeed mapping program and particle analysis program can be used to accurately and efficiently analyze microplastics.<h3>4. Thermo Fisher Scientific: Raman at the speed you need - Thermo Scientific DXR3 Raman Family</h3><ul><li>Brochure</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/SS_53191_DXR_3_raman_family_spec_sheet_896bbe523e.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>The Thermo Scientific DXR3 Raman Family is a versatile portfolio of Raman spectroscopy instruments designed to deliver high-quality chemical information quickly and reliably across a wide range of applications. Built on a shared, modular platform, the family includes the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2239">DXR3 Raman Microscope</a>, <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2237">DXR3xi Raman Imaging Microscope</a>, and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2235">DXR3 SmartRaman Spectrometer</a>, enabling users to choose the optimal configuration for point analysis, high-resolution imaging, or bulk sample characterization. All systems emphasize ease of use, reproducibility, and rapid data acquisition, making advanced Raman analysis accessible to both expert spectroscopists and routine laboratory users.The DXR3 Raman Microscope provides research-grade performance with sub-micrometer spatial resolution and intuitive point-and-shoot operation, supporting demanding analytical tasks such as microanalysis, depth profiling, and chemical mapping. For applications requiring fast, high-resolution chemical imaging, the DXR3xi Raman Imaging Microscope delivers exceptional stability, automated feature identification, and rapid image acquisition over both small and large areas. Its advanced EMCCD detector technology and intelligent autofocus significantly reduce experiment time while maintaining high data quality, making it ideal for materials research, pharmaceuticals, and life sciences.The DXR3 SmartRaman Spectrometer is optimized for high-performance bulk sample analysis in busy analytical laboratories. Featuring a large sampling compartment and flexible accessories, it accommodates a wide range of sample formats—from powders and tablets to liquids in bottles or vials. Variable Dynamic Point Sampling (VDPS) technology enables representative averaging over large sample areas, improving reproducibility and reducing sampling bias. Together with multiple excitation laser options and interchangeable gratings, the system supports diverse analytical workflows with minimal maintenance.Across the entire DXR3 family, pre-aligned, user-exchangeable Smart Components, automated alignment and calibration, and powerful OMNIC™ software ensure consistent performance and simplified operation. Extensive microscopy, macro-sampling, and automation options allow systems to be tailored to specific applications, while robust system qualification and diagnostics support long-term reliability. Overall, the DXR3 Raman Family combines speed, flexibility, and analytical confidence, making it a comprehensive solution for modern Raman spectroscopy in research, quality control, and industrial environments.

News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 05, 2026

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezICPMS Library in the week of 16th March 2026? Check out new documents from the field of spectroscopy/spectrometry and related techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT SPECTROSCOPY/SPECTROMETRY RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezGCMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you application notes by Metrohm, Shimadzu, Thermo Fisher Scientific and Waters Corporation!<h3>1. Metrohm: Soil analysis with NIR spectroscopy</h3>Multiparameter determination of soil in a few seconds<ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_nir_133_download_31cf2564fd.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Soil is a complex matrix made of organic and inorganic mineral matter, water, and air. The organic material ranges from decomposed and stable humus to fresh particulate residues from different sources [1]. Texture affects soil behavior (e.g., water holding capacity, nutrient retention and supply, drainage, and nutrient leaching [2]) and depends on the proportion by weight of the sand, silt, and clay it contains. Cationexchange capacity (CEC), a measure of the ability to hold positively charged ions, influences soil structure stability, nutrient availability, pH, and its reaction to fertilizers and other ameliorants. The main ions associated with CEC in soils are Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+ , and K + [3]. Soil pH directly influences the availability of nutrients to plants, microbial activity, and overall soil health, affecting plant growth, crop yields, and the sustainability of agricultural practices. This study describes how organic matter content, pH value, silt, clay and sand content, exchangeable calcium and magnesium, and limestone content were measured in soil in seconds by using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS).<h4>EXPERIMENTAL EQUIPMENT</h4>Air-dried samples of soil [4] were measured on a <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=220&amp;search=omnis+nir">Metrohm NIR Analyzer</a>. All measurements were performed in reflection mode (1000–2250 nm) using the large cup accessory. The samples were measured in rotation to collect spectral data from several areas. Spectral averaging of signals from several spots helped to reduce sample inhomogeneity. Metrohm software was used for all data acquisition and prediction model development.<h4>CONCLUSION</h4>This Application Note displays the benefits of using NIR spectroscopy for soil analysis. All the presented soil quality parameters can be measured simultaneously in only a few seconds. Compared to other conventional methods (Table 1), near-infrared spectroscopy soil analysis requires no sample preparation nor solvents. This ultimately leads to a reduction in workload and related costs, as well as keeping lab personnel safer.<h3>2. Shimadzu: Observation of Shock Waves Using the Schlieren Method with the HPV-X3</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_00983_en_c64bbf91c4.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul><h4>User Benefits</h4><ul><li>HPV-X3 offers three times the resolution of conventional models, enabling high-speed imaging at much higher resolutions.</li><li>With a maximum frame rate of 20 Mfps, the HPV-X3 is well-suited for observing high-speed phenomena such as shock waves</li></ul>Shock waves are characterized by abrupt changesin pressure and density and are generated when an object travels faster than the speed of sound or during explosive phenomena. They are important research subjects in fields such as aerospace and fluid dynamics. In particular, accurately characterizing the structure and temporal evolution of shock waves generated around projectiles is a crucial issue directly related to vehicle design, behavior prediction, and safety evaluation. Optical techniques capable of detecting minute changes in refractive index are effective for visualizing such phenomena. Among these, the Schlieren method is widely used to visualize density variations in fluids. 1)&nbsp;In this paper, the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=HPV-X3">HPV-X3 high-speed video camera</a> (Fig. 1), which provides three times the resolution of conventional models, was used to observe shock waves generated by a pellet launched from a gas gun using the Schlieren method.<h4>Imaging System&nbsp;</h4>The pellet shown at the center of Fig. 2 was placed in the firing chamber of the gas gun, sandwiched between two plastic holders. The holders were used to position the pellet in the firing chamber; after firing, the holders fell away, allowing only the pellet to be captured by the camera.&nbsp;The imaging system is detailed in Table 1, the imaging conditions are shown in Table 2, and the experimental setup is shown in Fig. 3. Light from the laser source was reflected by Concave mirror (1) and collimated between Concave mirrors (1) and (2). The HPV-X3 captured images of shock waves generated along the projectile path through a mirror and a knife-edge.&nbsp;The experiment was conducted twice: in the first trial, two rubber bands were placed in the projectile path; in the second trial, an obstacle with ten circular holes (Fig. 4) was placed in the path. This allowed us to observe phenomena such as fragmentation and shock wave reflection.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>Using the HPV-X3 high-speed video camera, shock waves generated by pellets fired from a gas gun were observed using the Schlieren method. This approach enabled close observation of phenomena, including shock waves generated as the pellet passed through or was reflected by rubber bands placed in the projectile path, as well as pellet fragmentation by impact with an obstacle and the subsequent generation of shock waves from each fragment.&nbsp;The HPV-X3 high-speed video camera has three times the resolution of the previous, HPV-X2, model and is well-suited for detailed observation of high-speed phenomena such as shock waves.<h3>3. Thermo Fisher Scientific: Raman Spectroscopy: Deciphering the Structural Dynamics of 2D Semiconductors</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/deciphering_structural_dynamics_of_2d_semiconductors_an1525_en_e5c8ca420c.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Semiconductors form the foundation of all modern electronics. As industries constantly seek to make their technological devices even smaller and more efficient, and manufacturers continue to strive for more compact device architectures, the key to future develops may prove to be new, thin film materials. Thin film or twodimensional (2D) semiconductors have unique properties and perform robustly even at monolayer thicknesses, allowing for complex electronic device performance at extremely small scale.¹ For example, the current silicon “2 nm” transistors used in the semiconductor industry have channel lengths of 10+ nm. Studies on 2D semiconductor transistors, especially MoS₂, show promising scalability to physical channel lengths below a 5 nm threshold—less than half the size of current transistors.¹ These materials have very well-defined crystal structures which make them excellent candidates for characterization through Raman spectroscopy. A common class of these materials is the transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) family such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂).², ³ 2D semiconductors, like TDMCs, are characterized by two major structural elements: the in-plane lattice bonds and out-of-plane van der Waals (vdW) forces that bind the stacked layers of crystalline monolayers.²<h4>Crystal Structure and Raman Signal&nbsp;</h4>A naturally formed sample of MoS₂ is studied here using the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2237">Thermo Scientific DXR3xi Raman Imaging Microscope </a>with a 455 nm excitation laser. The MoS₂ is manually exfoliated to thin the crystals from bulk form down to a two-dimensional, thin film layer.³ This creates a very simple crystalline structure with simple vibrational modes. Indeed, MoS₂ has only two dominant Raman peaks, the E¹2g, in-plane vibration at 381 cm-1, driven by the lateral oscillation of S atoms, and the A1g, out-of-plane mode at 408 cm-1.⁴ In thin / 2D samples, the A1g peak (linked to the out-of-plane S vibrations) is significantly weaker than it is in the bulk crystal due to many fewer vdW forces between the layers (Figure 1). This out-of-plane peak also displays a redshift (to lower wavenumber values) in the thinner samples (Figure 2).⁴ By taking a single crystal and repeatedly thinning it we can see the clear trend in these spectral changes produced by manual exfoliation (Table 1).<h4>Tracking Structural Variations&nbsp;</h4>The Raman peaks of MoS₂ can reveal much more information than simply layer thickness. The shifting ratio of the out-of-plane A1g peak to the in-plane E¹2g peak can be used to study interlayer physics in these 2D crystal structures. For example, a Raman peak ratio analysis can reveal interfacial boundary conditions (Figure 4). In this sample, there is a stronger out-of-plane component to the lattice vibration along the crystal face boundaries. Given that there are no obvious peak shifts from differing layer thicknesses, the increased vdW forces at the boundaries may be due to another phenomena, such as a localized electronic charge accumulation in the boundary region.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>Even with a seemingly simple molecular structure such as MoS₂ there is a huge wealth of information that can be gleaned from Raman spectroscopic analysis. Layer thicknesses, interlayer forces, and in-plane strain can all be quickly analyzed based on the two MoS₂ peaks. Monitoring changes in these in-plane and out-of-plane vibrations for this 2D semiconductor allows a researcher to characterize numerous properties with a rapid, non-destructive analysis.<h3>4. Waters Corporation: A New Method for Measuring Particulates in Protein Drug Formulations with Complex Excipients</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/720009131_en_987cda2d15.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Protein drugs need to be highly stable in order to increase product shelf life and inhibit protein aggregation which presents an immunogenic risk1. To achieve protein drug stability, formulators use an array of water-soluble excipients including various buffers, detergents, sugars and other compounds to inhibit protein aggregate formation2.&nbsp;Measuring the quality and the state of the excipients in a formulation is a big challenge. Each formulation parameter plays a key role in determining its stability, but due to the nature and sheer variety of excipients, these materials can often confound protein particle measurements3. This measurement gap is accentuated in flowbased subvisible particle analyzers, where the protein sample cannot be reanalyzed to gain greater insights of the formulation’s state. Running subsequent measurements enables formulators to gain greater insights on the state of the protein formulation’s components and its overall stability.The HORIZON system, powered by backgrounded membrane imaging (BMI), enables users the unique ability to conduct serial wash measurements of protein formulations filtered on a membrane, to dissolve water soluble excipients and reveal the hidden insights of a formulation’s state. In this application note, we present three independent case studies that leverage the HORIZON system’s unique capability to analyze samples after serial washes to investigate the impact on the number of protein and excipient particulates in the sample to gain a clearer understanding of the formulation state.<h4>Results and Discussion</h4><h5>Study 2 — Protein Aggregate Solubility and Adsorption to the Surface</h5>In this case study we used IgG aggregates using the same sample preparation procedure described above and created two stock IgG solutions using PBS and DI water respectively. We ran 2X serial dilutions of the samples in their corresponding buffers from stock (1X) down to 32X dilutions. Samples were filtered through a HORIZON filter plate and subsequently measured using 50 µL of sample per well, measuring N = 4 samples per condition. For this experiment, the background of the software plate was cloned 3 times. All the wells were washed with 50 µL DI water, and remeasured, and this process was repeated 3 times for each wash step.&nbsp;Serial dilutions of IgG aggregates in both buffers showed linear counts drop behavior (R2 &gt; 0.99), and very similar counts with stock IgG concentrations hovering close to 1E5 particles/mL for both stock conditions (Figure 4). After the first wash, both buffer types saw at most 20% of the counts drop for concentrated samples, potentially from the dissolution of soluble aggregates. Additional washing resulted in no counts increase or decrease within measurement error.&nbsp;<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>Serial membrane washing can help unveil critical details of a formulation. In the first two case studies, we explored how irreversible protein aggregates tend to be dense (dark in the image), amorphous, and do not disappear upon membrane washing as verified by visual microscopic membrane inspection and by counts analysis. Protein aggregates’ lack of solubility and their strong binding to the membrane surface allow one to count them reliably while uncovering the presence of other water-soluble excipients particles. This is important since the key objective of particle analysis in protein drug samples is to measure the insoluble protein aggregates since they tend to be immunogenic5.&nbsp;With protein aggregates being insoluble, this helped us deduce in the first case study that the faint, directional and water-soluble particles were salt crystals. Their presence also coincided with the age of the buffer (30 days), potentially pointing to time-related buffer degradation. The second case study confirmed the insolubility of the aggregates, with virtually no change in counts even after 3 serial washes. The third case study uncovered that protein solutions formulated in concentrated excipient conditions can show elevated counts. However, the excipient particle counts, arising from sucrose or polysorbate particles, could be washed away with a single wash to enable counting of the true protein aggregates. Also of interest in the third case study is that the IgG solution that was formulated without concentrated excipients showed significantly lower particle counts (nearly half) than those that were formulated in 10% sucrose and 0.05% polysorbate. This is a reminder that a higher excipient concentration does not necessarily result in higher formulation stability. The ability to get to the right formulation as quickly as possible requires one to obtain deep insights into all components of the formulation. The HORIZON system’s ability to clone original plate backgrounds to rapidly reanalyze the samples enables an unprecedented opportunity to learn more about the state of a proteindrug formulation. Key insights to your formulations are only a single 50 µL membrane wash away.

News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 12, 2026

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezICPMS Library in the week of 30th March 2026? Check out new documents from the field of spectroscopy/spectrometry and related techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT SPECTROSCOPY/SPECTROMETRY RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezGCMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you application notes by Metrohm, Shimadzu, Thermo Fisher Scientific and Waters Corporation!<h3>1. Metrohm: Quantification of methanol in contaminated spirits</h3>Protecting consumers from contaminated beverages<ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_rs_056_download_3b37cb883a.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>An alarming global trend highlights the serious harm that can result from ingesting illegal, improperly distilled alcohol. Home-distilled spirits prepared using industrial solvents (i.e., wood alcohol) and presented as legitimate alcoholic beverages often contain methanol. Methanol causes blindness and can lead to death when ingested. This has led to fatal consequences around the world [1–3].&nbsp;The breaking point for the Czech Republic came in September 2012. The sale of hard liquor was temporarily banned after 20 people died from the consumption of spirits with dangerous levels of methanol [2]. After an exhaustive study using various screening tools, the Czech Republic adopted Raman spectroscopy as the method of choice for identifying and quantifying methanol in contaminated spirits. This Application Note demonstrates how Raman spectroscopy can be employed as an efficient and rapid screening method for samples of rum contaminated with methanol.<h4>EXPERIMENT&nbsp;</h4>This example study measures commercially available coconut rum that is spiked with methanol in concentrations between 0.33% and 5.36%. The <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=220&amp;search=iRaman">iRaman NxG 785H</a> with a fiber-optic probe is used to collect Raman spectra of the mixtures (Figure 3). Table 1 lists the relevant equipment and instrument settings used for this application study. The peak at around 1000 cm-1 (highlighted by the inlay of Figure 3) visibly increases with increasing concentration of methanol, becoming significant at approximately 1%.<h4>CONCLUSION</h4>These results validate that Raman spectroscopy can be used for rapid, quantitative screening of dangerous adulterants in alcoholic beverages. This technique can be expanded to investigate adulteration in other media such as food, petroleum, and pharmaceutical drugs [4].<h3>2. Shimadzu: Evaluation of Organic Impurities in Lithium Carbonate by TOC Analysis</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_01098_en_ec9b3e73fc.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul><h4>User Benefits</h4><ul><li>TOC analysis enables effective control of organic impurities in lithium carbonate.</li><li>Using the combustion tube kit for high-salt samples can extend the lifespan of the combustion tube and catalyst, reducing maintenance frequency.</li><li>With the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=ASI-L+autosampler">ASI-L autosampler</a>, multiple samples can be measured automatically, improving throughput and efficiency</li></ul>Lithium carbonate (Li2CO3) is an important material used in a wide range of applications in the lithium-ion battery industry. For example, it is used as a lithium source for cathode active material synthesis and electrolyte salt production, as a raw material for oxide-based solid electrolytes, and as a form of lithium commonly recovered in recycling processes.&nbsp;Because impurities in lithium carbonate can affect downstream processes and final products, appropriate control is essential. In particular, organic impurities require especially careful attention because they may originate from so many sources, such as solvents and processing aids used during purification, residual organics from manufacturing steps, or contamination introduced during handling and storage.&nbsp;Total organic carbon (TOC) analysis offers an effective way to manage such organic impurities in raw materials. This article presents an example of using a <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=TOC-L">Shimadzu TOC-L</a> total organic carbon analyzer (Fig. 1) to evaluate the TOC content of lithium carbonate.<h4>TOC Analysis&nbsp;</h4><h5>TOC Analysis Methods&nbsp;</h5>Two commonly used methods are available for TOC analysis:&nbsp;(1) TC - IC method: Total carbon (TC) and inorganic carbon (IC) are measured separately, and then TOC is calculated as the difference (TOC = TC – IC).(2) NPOC method: TOC is measured as non-purgeable organic carbon (NPOC). After acidifying the sample to pH &lt; 3, IC is subsequently removed by sparging and the remaining carbon is measured as TC, which is regarded as TOC. The acidification and sparging steps are performed automatically by the instrument.&nbsp;For lithium carbonate solutions, the amount of carbonatederived IC is typically very high. As a result, the TC–IC method tends to yield calculated TOC values with a larger relative error. Therefore, the NPOC method isrecommended.&nbsp;In lithium carbonate solutions prepared as described above, IC is expected to be present mainly as bicarbonate (HCO3 –) and carbonic acid (H2CO3). If IC is not fully removed during NPOC pretreatment, the TOC result may be overestimated. Therefore, thorough IC removal is critical for samples with high IC content. For actual samples, sparging parameters, such as sparge gas flow rate and sparge time settings, can be adjusted.&nbsp;<h5>Combustion Tube for High-Salt Samples&nbsp;</h5>The prepared lithium carbonate solution contains a large amount of salts. When a large number of salt-containing samples are analyzed, salts may accumulate inside the combustion tube, which can lead to catalyst clogging, reduced sensitivity, and poorer repeatability.For this analysis, the optional combustion tube for high-salt samples was used, shown in Fig. 2. The high-salt combustion tube has a larger diameter than the standard combustion tube and contains larger catalyst particles to help mitigate saltrelated clogging. Thus, the frequency of combustion tube replacement can be significantly reduced.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>In this article, TOC analysis was performed for a 10 g/L lithium carbonate solution using a Shimadzu TOC-L total organic carbon analyzer. By measuring TOC in the prepared solution, the TOC content in the lithium carbonate solid was calculated. The results showed good recovery rates in the spike-recovery test and consistent performance was also confirmed during long-term continuous analysis. These findings demonstrate that the TOC-L is a reliable solution for measuring TOC in lithium carbonate and for effective management of organic impurities.&nbsp;When applying the NPOC method to lithium salt-containing solutions, careful selection of the acid is essential because salts formed during acidification can affect both data quality and instrument condition. For this example, sulfuric acid is recommended.In addition, using the optional combustion tube kit for high-salt samples can extend the lifespan of the combustion tube and catalyst, thereby reducing maintenance frequency. This option is especially helpful for samples with high salt concentrations.&nbsp;In addition to lithium carbonate, the TOC-L can also be applied to TOC analysis of lithium hydroxide solutions, determination of water-extractable TOC in recycled black mass, and analytical needs in lithium refining processes based on direct lithium extraction (DLE). With its broad applicability across various upstream materials, recycling streams, and refining processes, the TOC-L supports both quality control and process optimization operations throughout the lithium-ion battery value chain.<h3>3. Thermo Fisher Scientific: Evaluating Silicon using Raman Microscopy</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/vib_silicon_analysis_with_raman_microscope_app_note_mcs_an1232_en_11_2024_1887815_web_50639c9148.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Raman spectroscopy is a form of vibrational spectroscopy that probes chemical bonds and molecular structure and is sensitive to small changes in chemical and structural environments. The Raman spectrum of a material is a molecular “fingerprint” that can be used for identification of unknown materials and for characterizing and qualifying expected materials. Since intermolecular effects and lattice vibrations are also detected, it can be used to evaluate crystallinity. Mechanical phenomena such as strain can also be detected from peak shifts in Raman spectra. Raman imaging allows visualization of the distribution of components or changes in physical state across the sample.<h4>Silicon in aluminum&nbsp;</h4>Silicon is used in alloys with aluminum to increase the strength of lightweight aluminum-based parts. Addition of silicon to aluminum also alters the viscosity of melted aluminum, improving the castability. These alloys typically contain 3% to 25% silicon. While silicon and aluminum can form a eutectic mixture, it is common to have finely dispersed silicon particles throughout the material.¹ The size and distribution of silicon particles can affect the strength of the aluminum.&nbsp;One common example of an aluminum product, aluminum foil, is made up of almost pure aluminum (approximately 98.5%) but it does contain small amounts of silicon and iron.² Raman imaging of a piece of aluminum foil reveals small particles of silicon (Figure 1). A <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2237">Thermo Scientific™ DXR3xi Raman Imaging Microscope </a>was used with a 532 nm laser and a 100X&nbsp;metallurgical objective to collect the Raman imaging data. An area of 408 μm x 208 μm was imaged using an image pixel size of 1 μm. The Raman image, based on the 520 cm-1 peak of silicon, shows the spatial distribution of the particles and image analysis provides size and shape information. In this case, 81&nbsp;silicon particles were identified with a size (area) range of 6-151 μm². This analytical approach may be extrapolated to other types of Si/Al alloy parts.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>The importance of silicon as a technologically significant material cannot be overstated. It has properties that make it useful in numerous different types of products. Raman micro-spectroscopy has proven itself an important tool for the assessment of molecular structure and physical states of silicon. Raman images provide a way to observe the spatial distribution of silicon and silicon-containing components, structural variations such as crystallinity, and physical effects such as strain. This note showed a few representative examples to illustrate some of the advantages offered by Raman microscopic analysis of silicon. The coverage is not intended to be comprehensive as there are numerous other areas where the Raman analysis of silicon is currently employed and other opportunities where it could be used. The Thermo Scientific DXR3 Raman Microscope and the Thermo Scientific DXR3xi Raman Imaging Microscope have both been shown to be excellent choices for the Raman analysis of silicon samples.<h3>4. Waters Corporation: High-Throughput Detection of Degraded Polysorbate in Biological Formulations with FMM</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/720009114_en_99c7483d1a.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>The FDA requires that all biologic formulations be free of visible particles and has defined allowable levels of subvisible particles (SVPs) larger than 10 µm to ensure the potency, efficiency, and safety of these drug.1 While most protein drug particle analysis focuses on particles formed due to formulation instability, SVPs formed through the degradation of formulation excipients must also be considered.&nbsp;Polysorbates 20 (PS20) and 80 (PS80), best known as Tween-20 and -80, are excipients used in &gt;70% of marketed parenteral biological drugs to improve product stability and shelf life.2 However, when these formulations are stored for long periods of time (&gt;6 months) at low temperatures (4 °C), visible and subvisible particles are formed due to the enzymatic hydrolysis of the polysorbates by host cell proteins (HCPs) such as esterases and lipases.3,4 PS20 in particular has been found to be extremely prone to degrading into fatty acid particles.5 Lauric, myristic and palmitic acids are the most common fatty acid degradation products, and there is a direct correlation between low fatty acid solubility and particle formation in common formulation buffers.3–7 However, high-throughput, sensitive, and specific analysis of polysorbate particles has been difficult due to their complex chemistry and their low concentrations (&lt;&lt;0.5%) in high protein concentration (&gt;100–200 mg/mL) formulation environments, making it a perennial needle in a haystack problem.In this application note, we introduce the Aura™ polysorbate degradation assay, a specific and quantitative assay that detects free fatty acid particles (FFAs) formed during polysorbate degradation on Aura PTx System. The assay analyzes 96 samples using anywhere from 5 µL–10 mL of sample in a few hours. <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2190">Aura™ Systems</a> use backgrounded membrane imaging (BMI) and fluorescence membrane microscopy (FMM) to count, size and ID particles from 1 µm to 5 mm. Fluorescent labels utilized by FMM are selected based on thier ability to interact with particles of a certain nature, allowing for the generation of key information related to identity of the particles.<h4>Results and Discussion&nbsp;</h4><h5>Morphological Appearance of Different Fatty Acid Particles&nbsp;</h5>Aura systems image every particle, enables subvisible particle size distributions analysis, and makes morphological differentiation possible using built-in image analysis filters. When we analyze different free fatty acid solutions with Aura PTx System, we find that each forms particles with different morphological characteristics. Lauric acid particles are large and irregular clusters, myristic acid particles are small and oval shaped, and palmitic acid particles form fibril-like particles and small circular clusters (Figure 2a-c). These unique morphological characteristics suggest the presence of free fatty acid particles that can then be confirmed with FMM using labeled fluorescence.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>Aura PTx System and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2190">Aura+ System</a> can easily detect the major degradation components of PS20 in proteincontaining samples at any stage of the drug manufacturing process. The method only requires 5 µL of sample, is specific and sensitive, and can analyze 96 samples in just a few hours, far outperforming other techniques. Aura PTx System and Aura+ System can also identify and differentiate the key degraded particulates from polysorbate formulation by their distinguishable shape, appearance, and specific labeling with BODIPY FL C16. The Aura polysorbate assay can detect FFAs at concentrations relative to lauric acid above 9.38 µM (&gt;2183 counts/mL) and quantitate above 18.75 µM (&gt;2976 counts/mL).

News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 14, 2026

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezICPMS Library in the week of 6th April 2026? Check out new documents from the field of spectroscopy/spectrometry and related techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT SPECTROSCOPY/SPECTROMETRY RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezGCMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you application notes by Metrohm, Shimadzu, Thermo Fisher Scientific and Waters Corporation!<h3>1. Metrohm: Whey permeate analysis with NIRS</h3>Monitor dairy production processes easily in seconds<ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_nir_144_download_34598659f1.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Whey permeate, a byproduct of manufacturing whey protein powder, contains high amounts of lactose, phosphate, and minerals. Because of its sweet and mild taste, whey permeate is often used in bakeries and chocolate manufacturing. The key to optimizing whey permeate production is to control production streams in real time. It is important to monitor the production process with highthroughput analytical techniques to maximize product yield and ensure high product quality.&nbsp;Nearinfrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a fast, and chemicalfree analysis technique that can support this kind of testing. NIR spectroscopy can measure the most important quality parameters (i.e., protein, lactose, moisture, ash, pH, and phosphate) simultaneously in whey permeate without any sample preparation. The NIRS solution is fast, easy to operate, and can be used atline or offline in a quality control lab.<h4>EXPERIMENTAL EQUIPMENT&nbsp;</h4>158 whey permeate samples were analyzed on a <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=220&amp;search=NIR+analyzer">Metrohm NIR Analyzer</a> equipped with a small cup accessory. All measurements were performed in reflection mode (1000–2250 nm). Metrohm software was used for data acquisition and prediction model development.<h4>CONCLUSION&nbsp;</h4>This Application Note demonstrates the feasibility of using NIR spectroscopy for whey permeate quality control. Near infrared-spectroscopy is a rapid, nondestructive analytical technique that can monitor the production process of dairy products. Aside from the analysis of whey permeate, the whey protein production stream can also be monitored by NIRS.<h3>2. Shimadzu: Measurement of Residual Metal Catalysts by X-ray Fluorescence</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_01086_en_4beb25fd1d.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul><h4>User Benefits</h4><ul><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=ALTRACE">ALTRACE</a> can determine levels of heavy metals present in organic compounds at around 1 mg/kg in under 10 minutes per sample.</li><li>Analyzing and managing levels of residual metal catalysts can be performed by simply placing samples in the sample vessel and analyzing them without the need for complex sample pretreatment.</li><li>By increasing the X-ray tube power and optimizing the optical design, the sensitivity of ALTRACE for heavy metals has been dramatically improved compared to the previous model.</li></ul>Many industrial products we encounter every day are produced from organic compounds by manufacturing processes that utilize a range ofsynthesisreactions and metal catalysts. Catalysis can be classified as either homogeneous or heterogeneous (although drug and chemical production processes typically use homogeneous catalytic systems). While homogeneous catalysis allows for precise control over catalytic reactions, recovering the catalyst after the reaction can be difficult.&nbsp;Nevertheless, managing the levels of residual catalysts in industrial products is critical to ensure safety and because of their high costs. For example, the ICH Q3D Guideline for Elemental Impurities (adopted in April 2017) requires risk assessments when materials such as metal catalysts are added intentionally during a production process.&nbsp;Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) spectrometry offers a simple but effective technique for assessing the levels of residual metal catalysts. Normally, the lower limit of quantification for EDXRF spectrometric analysis of heavy metals is above 1 mg/kg, which limitsits use in quantitative analysis. However, the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=ALTRACE">ALTRACE</a> is equipped with a high-power X-ray tube that dramatically improves its sensitivity for heavy metals, enabling their determination at 1 mg/kg and below in lessthan 10 minutes. This Application News describes using ALTRACE to determine residual levels of a homogeneous catalyst after a synthesis reaction. The catalyst used in this analysis is palladium (Pd), which is a widely applied heavy metal catalyst, and the reaction catalyzed by the Pd catalyst is a cross-coupling reaction. A metal scavenger and activated carbon were each used to remove the Pd catalyst from the reaction products. Metal scavengers are frequently used in this role, and activated carbon offers a relatively cheap method for removing catalysts.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>Common methods of elemental impurity analysis, such as atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), ICP atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), and ICP mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), require liquid samples, so solid and powder samples must be prepared into a solution prior to analysis. However, EDXRF spectrometry can determine levels of elemental impurities regardless of the sample phase or form (solution, powder, etc.), provided the target element is distributed uniformly throughout the sample. The sensitivity of ALTRACE for heavy metals has been substantially improved compared to previous models, allowing for rapid quantitative determination of heavy metals at 1 mg/kg and below. Based on the performance presented in this article, ALTRACE is an effective tool for managing residual levels of metal catalysts.<h3>3. Thermo Fisher Scientific: The Raman Spectroscopy of Graphene and the Determination of Layer Thickness</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/raman_spectroscopy_graphene_determination_layer_thickness_an52252_29274e8aea.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Currently, a tremendous amount of study is being directed toward graphene. This interest is driven by the novel properties that graphene possesses and its potential use in a variety of application areas that include but are not limited to electronics, heat transfer, bio-sensing, membrane technology, battery technology and advanced composites. Graphene exists as a transparent two-dimensional network of carbon atoms. It can exist as a single atomic-layer thick material, or it can be readily stacked to form stable, moderately thick samples containing millions of layers—a form generally referred to as graphite. However, the interesting properties exhibited by graphene (substantial electrical and thermal conductivity, high mechanical strength, and high optical transparency) are only observed for graphene films that contain only one or a few layers. Therefore, developing technologies and devices based upon graphene’s unusual properties requires accurate determination of the layer thickness for materials under investigation. Raman spectroscopy can be employed to provide a fast, non-destructive means of determining layer thickness for graphene thin films.<h4>Instrument considerations&nbsp;</h4>There are a few specifications that should be considered when selecting a Raman instrument for graphene characterization. First, since graphene samples are usually very small, selecting a Raman instrument with microscopy capabilities is imperative.The next issue to consider is which excitation laser to select. While graphene measurements can be made successfully with any of the readily available Raman lasers, it is also important to consider the substrate that the graphene will be deposited onto. It is common for graphene to be deposited on on either Si or SiO2 substrates, and both of these materials can exhibit fluorescence with near-infrared (NIR) lasers such as 780 nm or 785 nm. For this reason, visible lasers are usually recommended, typically a 633 nm or 532 nm laser.&nbsp;Next, since relatively small wavenumber shifts can significantly impact the interpretation of the Raman spectra, it is crucial to have a robust wavelength calibration across the entire spectrum. Using a single point wavelength calibration with some other applications may be sufficient, but this only ensures that one wavelength is calibrated and leaves room for a large margin of error. A multipoint wavelength calibration that is regularly refreshed, such as the standard calibration routine used with <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products?category=184&amp;manufacturerItems=3&amp;search=dxr3">Thermo Scientific DXR3 Raman instruments</a>, will provide considerably more confidence in the results. It is also necessary to have an instrument with high wavenumber precision to observe small wavenumber shifts when altering the sample. In fact, small wavenumber shifts can represent changes in the sample rather than represent the variability from the instrument. There is a common myth that it is necessary to utilize high resolution in order to achieve high wavenumber precision. Not only is this incorrect, but a high resolution will actually add considerable noise to the spectrum, which will add to the wavenumber variability. A high degree of wavenumber precision, such as that provided by the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2239">Thermo Scientific™ DXR™3 Raman Microscope</a>, will significantly improve data confidence even when you are evaluating band shifts from low levels of strain or doping. It is also important to have exact control of your laser power at the sample and be able to adjust that laser power in small increments. This is important to control temperature-related effects and to provide flexibility to maximize Raman signal while still avoiding sample heating or damage from the laser. The DXR3 Raman systems are equipped with a unique device called a laser power regulator, which maintains laser power with unprecedented accuracy and provides exceptional ability to fine-tune laser power and optimize it for each experiment.1&nbsp;Lastly, the Raman microscope must have an automated stage and associated software to generate detailed Raman point maps. As will be seen in the next section, Raman point mapping or imaging extends the single point measurement to assess a sample’s layer thickness uniformity. The Thermo Scientific OMNIC™ Software suite contains powerful mapping and processing tools that diminish the complexity of collecting highly detailed maps and interpreting their results.<h4>Conclusions&nbsp;</h4>Raman spectroscopy is an excellent tool for the characterization of graphene and layer thickness. Few techniques will provide as much information about the structure of graphene samples as Raman spectroscopy, and any lab doing graphene characterization without Raman would be at a significant disadvantage. The DXR3 Raman Microscope is an ideal Raman instrument for graphene characterization because it can provide the high level of stability, control, and sensitivity needed to produce confident results.<h3>4. Waters Corporation: See What’s Really in Your Formulation with Backgrounded Membrane Imaging</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/720009098_en_5d36d71789.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Protein aggregation in therapeutic protein products can induce adverse immunogenic responses in patients1–4 . Per the FDA’s recommendations, “strategies to minimize aggregate formation should be developed as early as feasible in product development”5 and “an assessment should be made of the range and levels of subvisible particles (2–10 µm) present in therapeutic protein products initially and over the course of the shelf life”.5 Yet, accurate subvisible protein aggregation analysis has remained elusive to protein drug formulators since current subvisible analyzers are not sensitive enough to measure protein aggregates effectively. In this application note, we explore how backgrounded membrane imaging (BMI), a high refractive index contrast technique used by the HORIZON particle analysis system, performs highly sensitive measurements of subvisible protein aggregates in the 2 µm–4 mm size range, enabling 30% higher reproducibility compared to flow imaging.<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>When studying the impact of protein aggregate refractive index, IgG protein aggregates analyzed on both the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=5&amp;search=HORIZON">HORIZON® instrument</a> and flow imager systems produced equivalent particle count trends. However, the HORIZON® system was more sensitive (measured more overall counts) and had overall lower variability with average CVs of 14.4% compared to the flow imager which produced average CVs of 20.1%. The differences in variability and counts were most pronounced at lower concentrations and size range respectively. Given that most particles in a therapeutic drug formulation are small, the inability of flow imagers to accurately count the smallest of protein aggregates has a dramatic impact on the total number of particles measured. This can mean an undercounting by as much as 3–10X depending on the protein and formulation conditions.&nbsp;High variability at low concentrations in flow imagers can pose a hurdle for early stage analysis were sample is scarce. In low volume analysis (&lt;250 µL), the possibility of measuring fewer particles increases, therefore it is imperative to have high sensitivity measurements when already challenged by low sampling statistics.&nbsp;In the excipient effect study, sucrose did not have an impact on the overall particle counts when measured using the HORIZON® system. This contrasts with previous studies comparing excipient effects on three flow imagers.10 In each case, the particle counts decreased up to 30% or more using standard sucrose formulation concentrations of 0–20%. The difference between the data generated by BMI and FI can be attributed to the fact that the HORIZON® instrument is not affected by particle or solution refractive index.&nbsp;Flow imagers are deeply vulnerable to the impact of refractive index when measuring protein aggregates due to their translucency and the negative impact of surfactants. Due to this basic optical phenomenon, flow imagers can dramatically undersize and undercount particles. Finding the right tool for the job will have a critical impact on data accuracy and sensitivity. Powered with BMI, the HORIZON® system provides high refractive index contrast analysis to enable accurate, robust, and sensitive subvisible particle counting from 2 µm–4 mm in as little as 25 µL of sample and 96 samples in under 2 hours.

News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 15, 2026

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezICPMS Library in the week of 13th April 2026? Check out new documents from the field of spectroscopy/spectrometry and related techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT SPECTROSCOPY/SPECTROMETRY RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezGCMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you application notes by Metrohm, Shimadzu and Waters Corporation and other document byThermo Fisher Scientific!<h3>1. Metrohm: Dried pet food analysis by nearinfrared spectroscopy (NIRS)</h3>Rapid determination of moisture, protein, fat, and ash<ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_nir_129_download_9ff310dbb5.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Pet food testing involves accurate monitoring and control of moisture, protein, fat, and ash content. This allows pet food manufacturers to satisfy nutritional adequacy requirements, meet regulatory guidelines, and provide high-quality foods to pet owners. Traditional analysis methods are often slow and laborintensive. Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy provides a fast, nondestructive alternative for analyzing these key quality control parameters with minimal sample preparation. This study evaluates the use of NIR spectroscopy in the pet food industry for efficient and reliable quality control during dried pet food production.<h4>EXPERIMENTAL EQUIPMENT&nbsp;</h4>199 dried pet food samples (mainly dog and cat food) from different suppliers were analyzed in whole and ground forms on an <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=220&amp;search=OMNIS+NIR">OMNIS NIR Analyzer</a> Solid (Figure 1). The samples were added to an OMNIS sample cup and analyzed in diffuse reflection mode. To include sample variety, the sample rotated during measurement to collect spectra from different locations. The automatically averaged spectra were used for model development. Reference values were obtained by official methods such as ISO 6496 (moisture), ISO 5983 (protein), ISO 5984 (ash), and ISO 6492 (fat).<h4>CONCLUSION</h4>This Application Note demonstrates the feasibility of using NIR spectroscopy for the analysis of several pet food quality parameters, including protein, moisture, fat, and ash. Results indicate that lower prediction errors can be obtained when grinding pet food samples before their analysis. A comparison between different methods used for the analysis of pet food clearly highlights the significant time-saving potential of NIR spectroscopy (Table 1). Furthermore, the simplicity of the analysis and the availability of a pre-calibrated instrument, using the pre-calibration, dry pet food, solid (6.06008.027), make both the implementation and the application of NIR spectroscopy with OMNIS NIRS straightforward.<h3>2. Shimadzu: Determination of Elemental Impurities in Bioethanol Using ICP-MS</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_01021_en_942f8087b2.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul><h4>User Benefits</h4><ul><li>Bioethanol samples can be directly injected into ICP-MS for analysis.</li><li>Trace elements can be accurately determined with high sensitivity.</li></ul>To achieve carbon neutrality, bioethanol is expected to be one of the alternative energy sources to fossil fuels. First-generation bioethanol, produced mainly from corn, sugarcane, and similar crops, has been widely used. However, to avoid competition with food supplies, research and development are also advancing on second-generation bioethanol produced from non-food raw materials such as cellulosic materials. For example in Japan, seven companies including Toyota Motor Corporation have formed the raBit (Research Association of Biomass Innovation for Next Generation Automobile Fuels) to advance technologies for next-generation bioethanol. Shimadzu is also participating as a supporting member to promote R&amp;D through technical cooperation for analysis.&nbsp;Fuels in which bioethanol is blended into gasoline are referred to as E5 (up to 5% bioethanol), E10 (up to 10% bioethanol), etc.; using these fuels in vehicles can reduce environmental impact. At the same time, ethanol blended into gasoline and used as a fuel is required to meet trace element concentration limits (e.g., for copper) specified in standards such as ASTM D48061) and EN 153762). ICP-OES is commonly used for these analyses, but when ultra-trace impurity levels must be measured, higher-sensitivity ICP-MS is more suitable.&nbsp;In this Application, trace elements in first-generation and second-generation bioethanol were determined using the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=ICPMS-2050">ICPMS-2050</a> (Fig. 1). Spike recoveries were also evaluated to confirm the validity of the analytical results.<h4>Conclusion</h4>In this Application, bioethanol was introduced directly into the ICPMS-2050 using an organic solvent introduction system to determine trace elements. Good spike recoveries were obtained, demonstrating that bioethanol can be analyzed accurately by direct injection.<h3>3. Thermo Fisher Scientific: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2364">Thermo Scientific™ Nicolet™ FTIR</a> and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2239">Thermo Scientific™ DXR Raman Microscope</a> Solutions</h3><ul><li>Other document</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/FL_52919_microspectroscopy_portfolio_flyer_516ee05816.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Microspectroscopy has become an essential tool in modern analytical laboratories, enabling detailed chemical identification and spatial analysis at the microscale. Whether working in pharmaceuticals, materials science, forensics, or electronics, selecting the right combination of FTIR or Raman microscopy is critical for achieving accurate and efficient results.Thermo Scientific offers a comprehensive portfolio of FTIR and Raman microscope solutions designed to match different analytical needs, user expertise levels, and throughput requirements. From routine QA/QC to advanced research applications, these systems provide scalable solutions for a wide range of analytical challenges .<h4>Matching the Right Tool to Your Application</h4>The portfolio is structured to help users “find their best fit” based on analytical complexity, required spatial resolution, and workflow demands. Entry-level configurations, such as the SurveyIR™ microspectroscopy accessory combined with Nicolet FTIR spectrometers, are ideal for routine identification tasks in QA/QC environments.As analytical needs increase, systems such as the Nicolet iN5 IR microscope with <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2364">Nicolet iS20 FTIR</a> offer improved spatial resolution and flexibility for more frequent analyses. These solutions are particularly suitable for laboratories performing regular identification of materials with moderate complexity.For advanced analytical workflows, integrated systems like the Nicolet iN10 IR microscope or Nicolet RaptIR+™ FTIR microscope provide enhanced capabilities, including spatial distribution analysis and high-resolution measurements down to the micrometer scale. These systems are designed for analytical service labs and R&amp;D environments where both identification and morphological insights are required.<h4>Expanding Capabilities with Raman Microscopy</h4>Raman microscopy complements FTIR by enabling high-resolution chemical imaging and analysis of complex samples. Systems such as the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2239">DXR3 Raman microscope</a> and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/2237">DXR3xi Raman imaging microscope</a> extend analytical capabilities to submicron spatial resolution, making them ideal for advanced research applications.These instruments allow users to not only identify compounds but also visualize their spatial distribution and morphology within a sample. This is particularly valuable in fields such as nanomaterials, semiconductors, and life sciences, where detailed structural and compositional information is required.<h4>From Identification to Imaging</h4>One of the key differentiators across the portfolio is the ability to move from simple identification to comprehensive imaging:<ul><li>Single-point analysis is available across all systems for rapid material identification</li><li>Small-area analysis enables localized chemical characterization</li><li>Large-area and spatial mapping provide insights into distribution and heterogeneity</li></ul>Higher-end systems, such as imaging microscopes, combine these capabilities with advanced automation and data processing tools, allowing users to efficiently analyze complex samples and extract meaningful insights .<h3>4. Waters Corporation: Accurate Particles Characterization in Lipid Nanoparticle Therapies</h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/720009097_en_15af008f22.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have emerged as one of the most promising drug delivery methods1. LNPs encapsulate genetic material in submicrometer sized lipid vesicles, deliver large biologic payloads, exhibit low immunogenicity, and can enable large manufacturing scalability as seen with the Moderna® and Pfizer® mRNA COVID-19 vaccines. Like all biologics, LNPs can be physically unstable2, aggregate, and form subvisible particles (SVPs), and thus need to be properly formulated and evaluated for physical and chemical stability3. The next generation of LNPs are even more chemically and biologically complex than their predecessors1, presenting unique challenges in both their stability and manufacturability. Accurate low volume subvisible particle measurements will form a critical aspect of the quality assessment of LNPs.&nbsp;Like all injectables, LNPs are subject to USP 787/788 SVP testing4 . However, USP 788 compendial Method 1, light obscuration (LO), is deemed “unsuitable to measure liposomal and colloidal suspensions” as stated in the chapter. In fact, USP 788 recommends membrane microscopy (Compendial Method 2) for measuring liposomal formulations, given LO’s inability to handle solutions with a complex matrix4. Aura uses Backgrounded Membrane Imaging (BMI), a form of membrane microscopy that enables high throughput, low volume subvisible particle characterization. In this application note, we demonstrate how Aura™ GT System can accurately and thoroughly characterize the subvisible particle content of LNPs with volumes as little as 25 µL per sample. We focus on the analysis of two LNP samples formulated in different buffers and subjected temperature and freeze thaw stresses. In addition, we use Aura GT’s SYBR™ Gold assay5 to help characterize nucleic acid escape in stressed LNP samples and quantitatively analyze the stability and purity of these samples.<h4>Experimental</h4><h5>Particle Measurements&nbsp;</h5>LNP samples were measured using BMI and Fluorescence Membrane Microscopy (FMM) using <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=5&amp;search=aura+gt">Aura GT </a>on a black membrane plate. This procedure was adapted for each stress condition three wells were loaded with 25uL per well, and the filtrate stained with 1x SYBR Gold (2% v/v DMSO in PBS) for 1 min prior to FMM measurements. This procedure was adapted from Application note 16.5<h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>Both samples A and B showed significant subvisible particle formation, more than 1x10^6/mL &gt;2 µm across most conditions except thermal stress, pointing to inherently unstable LNP formulations. Freeze thaw cycles significantly increased subvisible particle formation, while heat stress significantly reduced the subvisible particle concentration across both samples. Compared to protein formulations, this heat stress effect may appear unconventional. However, considering the LNP composition and upon further look at the literature, we are able to understand this phenomenon and conclude that significant heat stress can break a liposomal formulation apart3 , increasing the LNP solubility and thereby resulting in less insoluble particles captured on the membrane. On the other hand, freeze thawing produces more insoluble aggregates, thereby increasing subvisible counts as shown in BMI, exhibiting similar behavior to heat induced aggregation as in most protein formulations. A recurring theme in subvisible particle stability is that each formulation exhibits its own particle profile, LNPs are no exception. Another interesting data point is that freeze thawed LNPs showed significant SYBR Gold staining, whereas unstressed LNPs did not, indicating a unique nucleic acid leakage or rupture behavior for this type of stress. Finally, we also observed that buffer type did not significantly impact the subvisible particle count (data not shown). Whilst we observed significant particle counts across all samples tested, pH and buffer variance did not significantly increase particle formation. Indeed, several LNP formulations have reported robust stability profiles across a variety of buffers3 . Filtration of the final product may not be appropriate, as particle formation occurs following filtration, most likely in a concentration dependent manner (Figure 4). Multiple filtration steps, whilst able to clear the product, will undoubtedly result in reduced concentration of pharmacologically active LNPs and as a function of time particles will return as described in our “What Happens When I Filter My Sample” Application Note 21.&nbsp;In conclusion, Aura enables high throughput, low volume, accurate sub-visible particle analysis with direct applicability for LNP stability assessment. Arcane particle analysers, unsuitable for LNP assessment, will struggle to overcome the challenges associated with the physical and chemical complexity of LNPs. Indeed, Aura resolved these key challenges, providing a solution to sub-visible particle analysis of LNPs, from early stage inception through to product release.

News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 16, 2026

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European Symposium on Analytical Spectrometry (ESAS) 2026

2026 AOAC INTERNATIONAL Annual Meeting & Exposition

Shimadzu at 2026 AOAC Annual Meeting & Exposition

ICP-MS for Hybrid Photoelectrode Characterization

Modern Methods for Faster Microbial Analysis

Addressing LC Method Optimization - Scaling For Efficiency, Throughput And Reproducibility