<p><strong>This webinar series demonstrates the use of the Thermo Freestyle 1.8 SP2 QF1 software for processing LCMS product-ion mass spectra &nbsp;with the NIST 23 Mass Spectral Search Program (v.3.0). &nbsp;Spectra are easily exported from Freestyle to NIST Search for component identifications utilizing the NIST MSMS libraries and any other available user, crowd-sourced, and commercial MSMS libraries. &nbsp;Freestyle is a very convenient software package for processing data obtained with the their Orbitrap LCMS instruments. &nbsp;In one run both the MS1 and MS2 spectra are obtained in both positive and negative ion modes. &nbsp;The Diode arrary and UV channels can also be easily displayed for targeting the desired species noted in LC analyses.</strong></p><h5><strong>Handout for whole series</strong></h5><ul><li>Part 1: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/article/4978">My Favorite Processing Mode in Freestyle</a></li><li>Part 1A: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/article/5211">Using "Nearby Precursor" Enhanced Processing Mode in FreeStyle</a></li><li>Part 2: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/article/5246">Alternate Processing Modes in Freestyle</a></li><li>Part 3: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/article/5256">Setup of Basic Settings in Freestyle and NIST Search</a></li><li>Part 4: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/article/5160">Different NIST MSMS Searches Demonstrated</a></li><li>Part 5: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.cz/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Part_5_Elemental_Composition_demonstration_27e151914b.pdf">Elemental Processing within Thermo Freestyle</a></li></ul><h3><span><strong>Part 5: Data Processing for NIST MSMS Search using Thermo Freestyle Software (Elemental Composition with Freestyle)</strong></span></h3><h4><strong>Equipment &amp; Software</strong></h4><ul><li><strong>Thermo Orbitrap MSMS</strong></li><li><strong>Thermo Freestyle Software</strong></li><li><strong>NIST MSMS Search</strong></li></ul><p><strong>Elemental composition analysis </strong>is a crucial step in mass spectrometry-based compound identification. Using <strong>Thermo Orbitrap MSMS</strong> in combination with the <strong>Thermo Freestyle software </strong>and <strong>NIST MSMS Search</strong>, researchers can achieve high-precision molecular formula determinations with excellent isotope ratio measurements. This article provides a step-by-step guide on utilizing these tools for accurate compound identification.</p><h4><strong>Benefits of Elemental Composition Analysis</strong></h4><ul><li><strong>Accurate m/z Measurements: </strong>Ensures precise molecular formula determinations.</li><li><strong>Excellent Isotope Ratios:</strong> Helps refine possible elemental compositions.</li><li><strong>Minimized Results List:</strong> Using both accurate m/z values and isotope ratios significantly reduces the number of potential matches.</li></ul><h4><strong>Step-by-Step Guide: Using Thermo Freestyle for Elemental Composition</strong></h4><ul><li><strong>Open the Elemental Tab</strong> in the Thermo Freestyle software.</li></ul><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/James_Little_Part_5_Elemental_tab_9db8e0d5b8.jpg" alt="James Little: Elemental Tab" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_James_Little_Part_5_Elemental_tab_9db8e0d5b8.jpg 65w," sizes="100vw" width="501" height="1205"></p><ul><li><strong>Set Up Elements</strong> and <strong>Element Ranges</strong> based on the expected composition of the sample.</li><li><strong>Activate</strong> "<strong>Pick Peak</strong>" Mode to select the ion of interest.</li><li>Click on an <strong>Ion Mass Value</strong> in the MS1 Spectrum window.</li><li><strong>Automatic Transfer of Mass Value</strong>: The selected value will appear in the “mass” box in the Elemental window.</li><li>Click "<strong>Calculate</strong>" to generate potential elemental compositions.</li><li><strong>Review Results </strong>in the window below the spectrum display.</li><li><strong>Analyze Single or Average Spectra</strong>: The method applies to both single and averaged mass spectra.</li></ul><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/James_Little_Step_by_Step_Guide_Using_Thermo_Freestyle_for_Elemental_Composition_e7e921e393.jpg" alt="James Little: Step-by-Step Guide Using Thermo Freestyle for Elemental Composition" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_James_Little_Step_by_Step_Guide_Using_Thermo_Freestyle_for_Elemental_Composition_e7e921e393.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1845" height="1013"></p><h4><strong>Example Compound: Tinuvin 234</strong></h4><p>Tinuvin 234 is a widely used light stabilizer. Its analysis using the Thermo Orbitrap MSMS and NIST MSMS Search demonstrates the effectiveness of this workflow in compound identification.</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/James_Little_Part_5_Tinuvin_234_d48d6ae7c0.jpg" alt="James Little:Tinuvin 234" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_James_Little_Part_5_Tinuvin_234_d48d6ae7c0.jpg 156w," sizes="100vw" width="721" height="719"></p><h4><strong>Conclusion</strong></h4><p>Leveraging Thermo Freestyle software alongside high-resolution mass spectrometry enhances the accuracy and reliability of elemental composition determination. By refining mass selection and isotope ratio analysis, researchers can significantly reduce false-positive identifications and improve confidence in their results.</p>

Data Processing Using Thermo Freestyle Software with NIST MSMS Search for Compound Identifications (Elemental Composition with Freestyle)

Injection artifacts in odorant analysis by gas chromatography

<p><strong>Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezGCMS Library in the week of 7th April 2025? Check out new documents from the field of the gas phase, especially GC and GC/MS techniques!</strong></p><blockquote><p><span style="font-size:20px;">👉 </span><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library"><span style="font-size:20px;"><strong>SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT GCMS AND RELATED TECHNIQUES</strong></span></a></p></blockquote><blockquote><p><strong>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques?</strong> Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library"><strong>LabRulezLCMS</strong></a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library"><strong>LabRulezICPMS</strong></a> libraries.</p></blockquote><p>This week we bring you brochures by <strong>Agilent Technologies, Shimadzu, </strong>application note by<strong> Thermo Fisher Scientific </strong>and poster by<strong> University of Liège / MDCW!</strong></p><h3><strong>1. Agilent Technologies: Ensure Composition, Purity, and Calorific Value</strong></h3><p><strong>Agilent natural gas analyzers</strong></p><ul><li>Brochure</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/br_nga_gc_analyzer_5994_8260en_agilent_1_6070086f28.pdf"><strong>Full PDF for download</strong></a></li></ul><h4><strong>Produce Accurate, Reliable Data and Maximize Product Quality</strong></h4><p>Before it can be sold, natural gas must meet specifications for calorific value and purity. Accordingly, collection, processing, transmitting, and distribution require an array of analytical capabilities.</p><h5><strong>Confidently measure permanent gases and hydrocarbon content with Agilent natural gas analyzers&nbsp;</strong></h5><p>Agilent natural gas analyzers (NGAs) are based on <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?manufacturerItems=1&amp;search=8890+GC"><strong>Agilent 8890 GC</strong></a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?manufacturerItems=1&amp;search=990+micro+GC"><strong>990 Micro GC systems</strong></a>. Each is factory configured and chemically tested to deliver the results you need, fast, while saving you precious startup time.&nbsp;</p><p>Choose from standard or extended configurations, or for a solution for sour natural gas. Our ability to create custom analyzers, along with specialty hardware and modifications, allows you to customize a natural gas analyzer for your specific needs.</p><h4><strong>Agilent 8890 fast GC&nbsp;</strong></h4><h5><strong>Precisely analyze natural gas&nbsp;</strong></h5><p>Separating complex mixtures of hydrocarbons and permanent gases (oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon dioxide) can be difficult on a single-channel GC. The Agilent 8890 natural gas analyzer is configured for one or two channels and conforms to ASTM D1945, GPA 2261, and GPA 2286 methods.&nbsp;</p><ul><li>A second thermal conductivity detector (TCD) channel improves hydrogen detection and linearity.&nbsp;</li><li>Optional flame ionization detector (FID) enables low-level hydrocarbon analysis.&nbsp;</li><li>Customized reporting simplifies data review and processing. OpenLab CDS reporting provides calculations in mole, weight, or volume percentages, and calculated heat content. It also offers the calorific value add-on.</li></ul><h4><strong>Agilent 990 Micro GC&nbsp;</strong></h4><h5><strong>Precision results in seconds&nbsp;</strong></h5><p>Agilent 990 Micro GC natural gas analyzers cover key GPA, ISO, and GB/T methods, and they provide accurate compositional data and calculated physical properties. Their small size and mobility make them ideal for labs, pilot plants, and field work—delivering the information you need anytime, anywhere.&nbsp;</p><ul><li>Ready-to-go configuration and methods include proven hardware and software.&nbsp;</li><li>Reporting is based on standardized GPA, ISO, and GB/T calculation methods.</li><li>Options include sample pressure reduction, filtering, and automated stream selection valves.&nbsp;</li><li>Natural gas odorant monitoring is available in an optional extra channel.&nbsp;</li></ul><p>Additionally, the Agilent 990 Micro GC PRO is designed for online process environments and features onboard data collection, integration, and result generation.&nbsp;</p><ul><li>Control processes by directing automatic user-defined information to an external system.&nbsp;</li><li>Eliminate the need for an external computer by using our onboard setup feature.&nbsp;</li><li>Meet industry standards with confidence through various communication protocols, such as Modbus, FTP, and 4-20 mA.&nbsp;</li><li>Enable online monitoring of calorific value and odorants (such as THT or DMS).&nbsp;</li><li>Deliver quick analysis of dissolved gases in mud-logging during drilling operations that need to be constantly monitored.</li></ul><h4><strong>Agilent </strong><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?manufacturerItems=1&amp;search=GC+gasifier+"><strong>GC gasifier&nbsp;</strong></a></h4><h5><strong>Reliably introduce liquefied gas into your GC&nbsp;</strong></h5><p>The Agilent GC gasifier accessory safely controls the transition of liquefied gas to a gaseous state without discrimination or adsorption due to its inert flow path. So you can feel confident that the sample in the line is the sample being analyzed.</p><ul><li>Samples are delivered to the GC system under constant flow and pressure.&nbsp;</li><li>Control and monitor the gasifier with ease through the GC user interface.&nbsp;</li><li>Seamlessly switch between two samples—or one sample plus a calibration standard or purge gas.&nbsp;</li><li>Purge N2 gas without the need to disconnect samples</li></ul><h4><strong>Capture, analyze, and share data: </strong><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?manufacturerItems=1&amp;search=OpenLab+CDS"><strong>OpenLab CDS</strong></a><strong> works the way you do&nbsp;</strong></h4><p>OpenLab CDS is a chromatography data system that combines productivity, usability, and the highest level of data integrity. With a single user interface, you can control your Agilent LC, GC, Micro GC, single quadrupole LC/MS, and GC/MS, as well as other vendors’ instruments in the lab, to streamline training and support. Built-in tools provide time-saving steps in analysis, interpretation, and reporting workflows while technical controls ensure work quality, effective records management, and enhanced data security.&nbsp;</p><p>Reporting for natural gas analyzers (as with refinery gas analyzers) can be done through OpenLab CDS with the built-in NGA/RGA reporting tool or through Diablo Analytical, which can take data from OpenLab CDS, ChemStation or EZChrom.&nbsp;</p><p>The OpenLab reporting feature for NGA lets you generate a custom calculation file, a constants file, and a report template for conditions defined in GPA, ASTM, or ISO standards. FPS (foot-pound-second)- based calculations (Btu) are used by GPA, ASTM, and other organizations in the United States. Metric-based calculations (meter-kilogram-second) are used for reporting natural gas composition and physical property calculations according to ISO 6976 for EU and GB/T 11062 for China.&nbsp;</p><p><strong>Note: </strong>Optionally the 990 Micro GC can be equipped with a PRO license. In this process-mode, which is usually highly automated and unattended, the instrument communicates compositional analysis results and calculated physical property data directly to a remote process computer. All data is handled on board (via browser-based access), and this does not require OpenLab CDS.</p><h3><strong>2. University of Liège / MDCW: Identification of Antifungal Volatile Organic Compounds (Vocs) from Streptomyces Scabiei 87-22 Using GC×GC-TOF-MS</strong></h3><ul><li>Poster</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Poster_Djulia_Bensaada_workshop_a1731538ea.pdf"><strong>Full PDF for download</strong></a></li></ul><p>Plant pathogens harm food production and the economy, while synthetic fungicides pose health and environmental risks, emphasizing the need for new alternatives.<sup>1 </sup>Streptomyces scabiei 87-22 shows promises by producing antifungal volatile organic compounds (VOCs). This study seeks to identify the VOCs responsible for their antifungal effects, with the aim to open the door to developing environmentally friendly biofungicides.<sup>2</sup>&nbsp;</p><h4><strong>Study inception</strong></h4><ul><li>In vitro experiments were conducted on Alternaria solani, Gibberella zeae, and Penicillium sp. NS1 to assess antifungal activity</li><li>Different growth conditions of Streptomyces scabiei 87-22 were evaluated</li><li>using five culture media: MHB, LB, TSB, ISP2, and ISP6&nbsp;</li></ul><h4><strong>Results and discussion</strong></h4><ul><li>20 Antifungal VOCs were identified in the different samples</li><li>VOCs production depend on the culture media</li><li>Some VOCs are inherent to the culture media</li><li>Non targeted approach is needed&nbsp;</li></ul><h4><strong>Conclusion and perspectives</strong></h4><p>Out of 25 identified VOCs, 4 demonstrated antifungal activity in vitro, highlighting their potential as antifungal agents. Conduct antifungal tests on the remaining 19 VOCs to fully evaluate their potential. Extend the study to a broader range of bacterial strains to assess their antimicrobial spectrum.</p><h3><strong>3. Shimadzu: Gas Chromatography Detector VGA-100 / VGA-101</strong></h3><ul><li>Brochure</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/c180_e102_01f0ccb1eb.pdf"><strong>Full PDF for download</strong></a></li></ul><h4><strong>Meet the alternative with a vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) detector for Gas Chromatography</strong></h4><p>The VUV (Vacuum Ultraviolet) detector is designed to collect absorption spectrum of compounds eluted from GC in the wavelength range of 120 nm to 240 nm (vacuum ultraviolet region). It consists of a deuterium lamp, ¬ow cell, grating device and detection device. Hydrocarbons, such as fuels, have strong absorption in the range of 115 nm to 185 nm (due to σ→σ* and π→→π* transitions), making the VUV detector an ideal choice for fuel analysis.&nbsp;</p><p>The VUV wavelength region is typically characterized by signi cant background absorption. Traditionally, very high-energy photons generated by a synchrotron facilities were used to obtain VUV spectrum. The VGA-100/101 VUV detector minimizes background absorption to an exceptional degree, enabling easy acquisition of VUV spectrum.</p><h4><strong>Gas Chromatography detection in a whole new light</strong></h4><h5><strong>VUV analysis system offers…</strong></h5><ul><li><strong>Identification performance specialized for fuel analysis</strong><ul><li>Full spectrum detection in the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) wavelength region enhances identi cation performance of various hydrocarbon compounds.</li><li>Excellent oven performance of the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?manufacturerItems=3&amp;search=nexis+gc-2030"><strong>Nexis GC-2030</strong></a> improves identi cation performance with retention index.</li></ul></li><li><strong>Full compliance with ASTM official standards</strong><ul><li>A multi-method architecture that allows testing of different fuels and methods on the same analyzer without changing hardware.</li><li>Dedicated spectral libraries for various ASTM of cial methods</li></ul></li><li><strong>Enhanced analysis support functions</strong><ul><li>Time Interval Deconvolution™ (TID™) to easily deconvolve co-eluting analytes.</li><li>Push-button, automated data analysis and reporting using VUV Analyze™ Software.</li></ul></li></ul><h3><strong>4. Thermo Fisher Scientific: Thermo Scientific Orbitrap GC-MS HRAM Flavor and Fragrances Library</strong></h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/ps_003097_gc_orbitrap_gc_ms_flavor_fragrances_ps003097_na_en_206f484d12.pdf"><strong>Full PDF for download</strong></a></li></ul><p>Flavors and fragrances analysis aims to give a comprehensive characterization of samples to determine their origin (natural or synthetic), assess their quality, ensure product consistency, and comply with regulatory standards. This analysis is crucial for industries such as food, beverages, cosmetics, and perfumery to develop and maintain consistent product formulations and control. With such a high number of possible compounds, a library is an essential tool to support compound identification within a fast time frame. The Thermo Scientific™ Orbitrap™ GC-MS<strong> </strong>Flavor and Fragrances Library is a high-resolution, accuratemass (HRAM) spectral library for electron ionization (EI) GC-MS. It contains 411 compounds, which cover over eleven different chemical classes.</p><p>When used in combination with powerful Orbitrap technology and data processing tools such as <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/products/1759"><strong>Thermo Scientific™ Compound Discoverer™ software</strong></a>, accurate flavor and fragrance identification can be quickly achieved. The <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/products/472"><strong>Thermo Scientific™ Orbitrap Exploris™ GC mass spectrometers </strong></a>provide unique advantages for flavor and flagrance analysis over alternative instrumental techniques. Orbitrap technology allows analytical chemists to gain data certainty and achieve unprecedented selectivity using a full-scan acquisition, enabling:&nbsp;</p><ul><li>The targeting of an unlimited number of analytes down to triple quadrupole level detection limits&nbsp;</li><li>Identification of unknowns driven by spectral matching and sub-ppm mass accuracies&nbsp;</li><li>Retrospective screening of compounds not known to be of interest at time of acquisition</li></ul><p>Furthermore, the consistent sub-ppm mass accuracy delivered by the system, regardless of peak intensity, allows for confident targeting of compounds within narrow mass accuracy windows. The Thermo Scientific Orbitrap GC-MS Flavor and Fragrances Library enables a rapid and customizable set-up of a screening method, which allows users to quickly implement this powerful technology. Included in this Library are:&nbsp;</p><ul><li>High-resolution, accurate-mass spectral library acquired at 60,000 mass resolving power (FWHM m/z 200)&nbsp;</li><li>Spectra for 411 flavor compounds across eleven categories refined and curated with elemental composition of each EI fragment verified (Figure 1)&nbsp;</li><li>Compound information list showing chemical categories, odors, rendition index values, and GC column types used&nbsp;</li><li>Kovats retention index entries&nbsp;</li><li>Can be used in combination with existing unit mass libraries.&nbsp;</li></ul><p>The Orbitrap GC-MS Flavor and Fragrances Library can be used to quickly apply the theoretical masses for each analyte into a <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/products/77"><strong>Thermo Scientific™ TraceFinder™ software</strong></a> fullscan screening or quantitation processing method. Also included for each compound is an accurate mass reference spectrum acquired on an Orbitrap GC-MS system at 60,000 resolving power.&nbsp;</p><p>This spectral library can be used as a standalone reference or in conjunction with the unknowns screening functionality of Compound Discoverer software (Figures 2 and 3) or TraceFinder software. Each software utilizes chromatographic deconvolution followed by accurate mass spectral library search to identify untargeted compounds.</p>

News from LabRulezGCMS Library - Week 15, 2025

News from LabRulezLCMS Library - Week 15, 2025

Reactivity and fluxes of antimony in a macrotidal estuarine salinity gradient: Insights from single and triple quadrupole ICP-MS performances

News from LabRulezLCMS Library - Week 16, 2025

News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 16, 2025

<p><strong>Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezGCMS Library in the week of 21st April 2025? Check out new documents from the field of the gas phase, especially GC and GC/MS techniques!</strong></p><blockquote><p><span style="font-size:20px;">👉 </span><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library"><span style="font-size:20px;"><strong>SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT GCMS AND RELATED TECHNIQUES</strong></span></a></p></blockquote><blockquote><p><strong>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques?</strong> Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library"><strong>LabRulezLCMS</strong></a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library"><strong>LabRulezICPMS</strong></a> libraries.</p></blockquote><p>This week we bring you application notes by <strong>Agilent Technologies </strong>and<strong> Shimadzu, </strong>poster by<strong> MDCW / Mane SEA PTE </strong>and technical note by<strong> Thermo Fisher Scientific!</strong></p><h3><strong>1. Agilent Technologies: Determination of Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB) by GC/MS According to EPA Method 1628</strong></h3><p><strong>Using an Agilent </strong><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?manufacturerItems=1&amp;search=8890+GC"><strong>8890 GC</strong></a><strong> with an Agilent </strong><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?manufacturerItems=1&amp;search=5977C+GC%2FMSD+"><strong>5977C GC/MSD </strong></a><strong>in selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode</strong></p><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_pcbs_gcms_epa_method_1628_5994_8056en_agilent_1_dcb1461047.pdf"><strong>Full PDF for download</strong></a></li></ul><p>PCBs are synthetic compounds belonging to the chlorinated hydrocarbon family. Historically, PCBs were extensively used in various industrial applications, including electrical components, plasticizers, and pigments and dyes. However, due to their environmental persistence and potential health risks, their use was banned in 1979 under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). Classified as POPs, PCBs resist degradation and are known to bioaccumulate in aquatic life according to the EPA.1 In response to the need for effective monitoring of PCBs, the EPA has developed method 1628, which employs low-resolution mass spectrometry in SIM mode.2 This method is the first to measure all 209 individual PCB congeners, calibrating for 65 PCBs and screening for the remaining 144 congeners. The method includes 29 labeled PCB surrogates and three labeled PCBs as internal standards for analytical accuracy. In this application note, an 8890 GC with a 5977C GC/MSD was used to analyze PCBs in sand and soil, meeting all requirements for EPA method 1628.</p><h4><strong>Experimental</strong></h4><p>An 8890 GC with a 5977C GC/MSD was used for this work. The 8890 GC was configured with mid column backflush to prolong column lifetime. Detailed method parameters were set according to EPA method 1628 and are shown in Tables 1 to 3.</p><h4><strong>Results and discussion</strong></h4><p>Example chromatograms are shown in Figures 1 and 2. Figure 1 shows the separation of the 65 calibrated PCB congeners and the 32 labeled PCB congeners at 50 and 40 ppb, respectively. The analytical separation of all 209 PCB congeners and 32 labeled PCB congeners at 50 and 40 ppb is shown in Figure 2.</p><p>Per the method requirements for EPA method 1628, PCB congeners 28 and 31 must be chromatographically separated. The valley of the two peaks must be less than 80% of the height of the smaller peak, which is demonstrated in Figure 3. The method also requires that PCB congener 118 at 10 ppb has a signal to noise ratio (S/N) greater than or equal to 3:1. Figure 4 shows successfully meeting this method criteria with a S/N of 6.1 for PCB congener 118 at 10 ppb.</p><h4><strong>Conclusion&nbsp;</strong></h4><p>An Agilent 8890 GC with an Agilent 5977C GC/MSD was successfully used to analyze PCB congeners according to EPA method 1628. This method uses low-resolution SIM mode to quantitate 65 congeners while being able to see all 209 native congeners. All method requirements were met, including for linearity, resolution, and sensitivity.</p><h3><strong>2. MDCW / Mane SEA PTE: Unraveling The Distribution and Enantiomer Ratio of Selected Carotenoid-derived Aroma Compounds In Oolong Tea Using MD-GC Coupled with MS</strong></h3><ul><li>Poster</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Poster_14_13587ac212.pdf"><strong>Full PDF for download</strong></a></li></ul><p>Carotenoid-derived compounds (CDCs) are important contributors to the xcharacteristic flavour of oolong tea. These compounds can exist in different xisomeric forms that have similar structural, physical and chemical but different sensory properties, making their differentiation difficult but important.</p><p>However, the analysis of these carotenoid-derived compounds and determination of their enantiomeric distributions in tea is challenging due to their low concentrations and wide variability. In consideration of their impact on sensory perception, these challenges faced in their detection and quantification need to be addressed</p><p><strong>OBJECTIVE:</strong> To develop and optimize two-dimensional gas chromatography methods for the detection of CDCs and investigate their enantiomer distribution in different oolong teas.</p><h4><strong>ANALYTICAL WORKFLOW</strong></h4><ul><li>Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography (GCxGC)</li><li>Heart-Cutting Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography (GC-GC)</li></ul><h4><strong>GCxGC-qTOF/MS OPTIMISATION</strong></h4><ol><li>Continuous cold jet to trap the analytes at the head of the 2D column&nbsp;</li><li>Pulsed hot jet set at a fixed interval to release the trapped analytes&nbsp;</li></ol><p><strong>Modulation period:</strong> amount of time between hot jet pulses Hot jet duration: length of time when the hot jet is turned on</p><h4><strong>Conclusion</strong></h4><ul><li>The modulation period determines the time when the compounds are allowed to separate on 2D and should be optimized to avoid wrap-around of peaks while efficiently utilizing the separation space. On the other hand, hot jet duration determines the amount of compounds entering the 2D.&nbsp;<ul><li>The optimized parameters for modulation period (14 s) and hot jet duration (350 μs) were used.&nbsp;</li></ul></li><li>MD-GC can overcome the challenges faced by conventional GC in the separation of complex tea matrices.&nbsp;<ul><li><strong>GCxGC:</strong> improves detection limit due to cryogenic trapping of the modulation step.&nbsp;</li><li><strong>GC-GC:</strong> removes interference from peaks of interest while improving quantification.&nbsp;</li></ul></li><li>Different cultivars and processing parameters result in different volatile compound compositions in oolong teas.</li></ul><h3><strong>3. Shimadzu: High-Sensitivity Analysis of Formic Acid in Methanol Solution Using Jetanizer</strong></h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_00833_en_adef055a54.pdf"><strong>Full PDF for download</strong></a></li></ul><h5><strong>User benefits:</strong></h5><ul><li>Using <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=Jetanizer"><strong>Jetanizer</strong></a> as a <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?manufacturerItems=3&amp;search=Nexis+GC-2030+FID"><strong>GC-FID</strong></a> nozzle makes it possible to accurately analyze formic acid in methanol solution.</li><li>The Jetanizersimply replaces the conventional GC-FID nozzle, making it easy to install and inexpensive.</li></ul><p>Green Transformation (GX) initiatives aim to transition from fossil fuels to green energy and balance greenhouse gas emissions reduction with economic growth. These initiatives are expected to use innovative technologies such as artificial photosynthesis, which utilizes sunlight to produce hydrogen and organic compoundsfrom water and carbon dioxide.&nbsp;</p><p>Research on such artificial photosynthesis, along with the analysis of impurities in chemical products and raw materials, highlights the demand for high-sensitivity analysis of formic acid. A simple method for analyzing formic acid is gas chromatography (GC), where a TCD detector is used for highconcentration samples, and a BID detector is used for lowconcentration samples. Unfortunately, the FID detector, a general-purpose detector, lacks sensitivity to formic acid. However, by replacing the FID detector with a Jetanizer (In-Jet type methanizer) that contains a catalyst in the FID nozzle and adjusting the analysis conditions, high-sensitivity measurement of formic acid at the ppm level becomes possible.</p><p>This Application News presents an example of the highsensitivity analysis of formic acid contained in a methanol solvent using Jetanizer as the GC-FID nozzle.</p><h4><strong>Features of the Jetanizer</strong></h4><p>The Jetanizer is a compact FID-Jet type methanizer that contains a catalyst filled inside (Fig. 1). As a result, it enables the detection of CO and CO2, which cannot be detected by a standard FID, by reducing them and converting them into methane. Additionally, the heating elements, sensors, and extra hydrogen gas supply lines previously required for methanizers are no longer necessary, allowing for direct installation and use just like a standard FID.</p><h4><strong>Measurement of Formic Acid in Methanol</strong></h4><p>The chromatograms of formic acid at various concentrations in methanol (1, 5, 10, 50, 100, 500, and 1000 ppm) and an enlarged view of the low concentration range are shown in Fig. 4. The calibration curve for N = 5 is presented in Fig. 5. Additionally, the overlaid chromatograms for continuous measurement at 10 ppm are shown in Fig. 6, and the RSD% of the area values for N = 5 at each concentration is provided in Table 2. Good reproducibility of the area was confirmed at each concentration.</p><h4><strong>Conclusion&nbsp;</strong></h4><p>High-sensitivity analysis of formic acid is essential for the impurity analysis of chemical products and raw materials, including GX. When analyzing formic acid using GC, it is necessary to select the appropriate detector based on the measurement concentration range. The method introduced here allows for the convenient analysis of formic acid by performing phosphoric acid treatment on the insert and column and utilizing a Jetanizer.</p><h3><strong>4. Thermo Fisher Scientific: What is the benefit of high mass resolving power on the Orbitrap Exploris GC Series?</strong></h3><ul><li>Technical note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/sl_003312_gc_hram_orbitrap_exploris_240_targeted_gc_sl003312_na_en_8f86e0d919.pdf"><strong>Full PDF for download</strong></a></li></ul><h4><strong>Why do I need high mass resolving power from Orbitrap technology?</strong>&nbsp;</h4><ul><li>Resolve target analytes from interfering compounds and matrix ions of similar mass.&nbsp;</li><li>Achieve sub-ppm mass accuracy to give data certainty in compound identification.&nbsp;</li><li>Sub-ppm mass accuracy enables narrow mass extraction windows (± 5 ppm) to give high selectivity, which in turn makes peak detection algorithms efficient.&nbsp;</li><li>Easily increase scope of analysis through full scan accurate mass data acquisition (Figure 1).&nbsp;</li><li>Quickly and confidently propose elemental compositions for the identification of unknown features.&nbsp;</li><li>Retrospective data processing of samples long after data acquisition.&nbsp;</li><li>Have high mass resolving power and sensitivity. No compromise.&nbsp;</li></ul><p>With resolving power of up to 240,000 and consistent sub-ppm mass accuracy, the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/products/472"><strong>Thermo Scientific™ Orbitrap Exploris™ GC 240 mass spectrometer </strong></a>is a unique laboratory tool for targeted and discovery workflows, where screening, quantitation, compound identification, and structural elucidation applications are required.&nbsp;</p><p>High-resolution Orbitrap mass spectrometry has been available with both liquid and gas chromatography for many years and has proven to be a highly valuable analytical technique.1-4 More recently, the technology in gas chromatography moved to join the Thermo Scientific Orbitrap Exploris Mass Spectrometer series. This new platform of a benchtop hybrid quadrupoleOrbitrap mass spectrometer opens up research opportunities in a system with a significantly reduced footprint, saving both energy and raw materials. The benchtop hybrid quadrupole-Orbitrap mass spectrometer provides new possibilities for increased mass accuracy, sensitivity, and selectivity for GC-amenable compounds. Figure 2 shows how the resolving power is in the ideal range for volatile small molecules, with resolving power increasing with lowering <i>m</i>/<i>z.</i></p><h4><strong>The impact of mass resolution on selectivity for targeted analysis&nbsp;</strong></h4><p>High-resolution, accurate-mass (HR/AM) experiments typically provide a full scan analysis of a sample, and for small molecule analyses, the scan range is typically 50–600 Da. Orbitrap technology provides the required selectivity to resolve the target compound from other compounds or from matrix ions of similar mass. For targeted compound analysis, the accurate mass of the diagnostic ion is extracted with a narrow mass extraction window (typically &lt; 5 ppm). This narrow window is possible only when the instrument provides sufficient mass accuracy, for which high mass resolving power is essential. However, when two mass profiles overlap, the measured mass profile is the sum of the two individual profiles. This overlap results in the incorrect assignment of the mass of the target compound. The problem is demonstrated in Figure 3, where a QuEChERS leek extract in acetonitrile was analyzed four times at resolving powers of 15K, 30K, 60K, and 120K (m/z 200).&nbsp;</p><p>Being able to separate two compounds that are close in mass is one of the significant advantages of high-resolution accurate mass. This is demonstrated in Figures 4A-C where the compounds flurenol methyl ester C<sub>15</sub>H<sub>12</sub>O<sub>3</sub> m/z = 240.0781 and dimetilan C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>16</sub>N<sub>4</sub>O<sub>3</sub> m/z = 240.1217 were analyzed at equal intensity at three different resolving power levels of 30,000, 60,000, and 240,000. The zoomed spectra show excellent separation at all resolution levels, with improvements at 60K and 240K showing the clear benefits. When analyzed at 10:1 ratio (Figure 5), there is still good separation and mass accuracy. The latter reflects the real world where compounds will be at varying intensities, and it is essential that mass accuracy is maintained to make confident identifications.</p>

News from LabRulezGCMS Library - Week 17, 2025

News from LabRulezLCMS Library - Week 17, 2025

<p><strong>Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezICPMS Library in the week of 21st April 2025? Check out new documents from the field of spectroscopy/spectrometry and related techniques!</strong></p><blockquote><p><span style="font-size:20px;">👉 </span><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library"><span style="font-size:20px;"><strong>SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT SPECTROSCOPY/SPECTROMETRY RELATED TECHNIQUES</strong></span></a></p></blockquote><blockquote><p><strong>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques?</strong> Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library"><strong>LabRulezLCMS</strong></a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library"><strong>LabRulezGCMS</strong></a> libraries.</p></blockquote><p>This week we bring you application notes by <strong>Agilent Technologies </strong>and<strong> Shimadzu </strong>and other document by <strong>Thermo Fisher Scientific</strong>!</p><h3><strong>1. Agilent Technologies: Determination of Elements in a Solid Sulfide Electrolyte using ICP-OES</strong></h3><p><strong>Analysis of next generation solid-state lithium-ion battery electrolyte chemicals by Agilent </strong><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=5800+VDV+ICP-OES"><strong>5800 VDV ICP-OES</strong></a></p><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_solid_sulfide_electrolyte_5800_icp_oes_5994_8287en_agilent_1_e13d65c6a8.pdf"><strong>Full PDF for download</strong></a></li></ul><p>The rapid expansion of renewable energy sources and electric mobility usage is driving interest in the next generation of energy storage technologies. Currently, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are the leading storage method that is used across a wide range of applications. However, LIBs are limited by raw material availability and high costs, as well as concerns around safety. Solid-state batteries are emerging as an alternative energy storage technology. These batteries use a solid superionic material as the electrolyte instead of traditional liquid-phase electrolytes. This material, which transmits ions through a solid crystalline lattice, has the potential for high energy density compared to conventional batteries, as well as increased safety and operating temperatures.<sup>1</sup> Li10GeP2 S12 (LGPS) is one such inorganic solid electrolyte that is currently being investigated due to its high ionic conductivity. As with traditional battery electrolytes, the quality and purity of the solid electrolyte must be high to effectively facilitate ion transport. The presence of elemental contaminants could potentially affect the regular lattice structures of the electrolyte and impact battery longevity, lifespan, and safety.<sup>2,3</sup>&nbsp;</p><p>Spectroscopic techniques like Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) are widely used to determine elemental contaminants in complex materials. The technique is especially useful for the simultaneous measurement of trace elements in samples such as battery electrolytes, due to its speed, sensitivity, and tolerance to high total dissolved solids (TDS).&nbsp;</p><p>Both the Agilent <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=5800+VDV+ICP-OES"><strong>5800 Vertical Dual View</strong></a> (VDV) and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=5900+SVDV+ICP-OES+"><strong>5900 Synchronous Vertical Dual View (SVDV) ICP-OES </strong></a>instruments have been adopted across the LIB value chain to address the varied analytical needs of the industry.4 Both instruments are ideal for labs dealing with novel materials, high numbers of samples, or aiming to make efficiency gains. In the absence of comparative methods for the analysis of LGPS, we focused on the development, optimization, and validation of the method to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the results. To support this process, we utilized the following hardware and software usability features to support the workflow throughout the study:&nbsp;</p><ul><li>IntelliQuant Screening: The fast scan software feature was used to initially screen LGPS samples for elemental content across the entire wavelength range. The semiquantitative data provided valuable information on the identity of elements in the sample, enabled selection of appropriate analyte wavelengths, and helped establish suitable calibration ranges.&nbsp;</li><li>Early Maintenance Feedback (EMF): This software feature alerts the analyst when maintenance is required, based on a series of sensors, counters, and trackers. By maintaining optimum instrument operating conditions, unnecessary downtime is reduced, increasing the productivity of the instrument.&nbsp;</li><li>Intelligent Rinse: A feature that adjusts washout times based on the actual time it takes to wash out each element in the sample. This intelligent rinsing routine ensures that there are no carryover issues for problematic or high concentration elements.&nbsp;</li></ul><p>In this study, the 5800 VDV ICP-OES with an Agilent SPS 4 autosampler was used to determine 29 elements in battery grade LGPS electrolyte powder following microwave digestion. The elements included aluminum, arsenic, boron, barium, beryllium, calcium, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, iron, gallium, germanium, potassium, lithium, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, sodium, nickel, phosphorus, lead, sulfur, antimony, silicon, strontium, titanium, vanadium, and zinc.</p><h4><strong>Results and discussion</strong></h4><h5><strong>Calibration and linearity&nbsp;</strong></h5><p>All 29 analytes were quantified using an external standard calibration method, with background correction performed by the instrument’s default and automatic Fitted Background Correction (FBC) routine. The FBC software corrects simple and complex background peaks automatically, requiring no input from the analyst. The results of the linear regression analysis of each analyte show excellent linearity across the calibration range with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.99900 to 1.00000 (Table 3). A representative spectrum and calibration curve for Cr 267.716 nm are shown in Figure 7.</p><h5><strong>Long-term stability&nbsp;</strong></h5><p>To assess the stability of the 5800 VDV ICP-OES, 241 solutions were measured over eight hours without recalibration. The solutions consisted of 10 LGPS solutions and a QC block, which contained a rinse, Continuing Calibration Blank (CCB), and Continuing Calibration Verification (CCV) solutions. The CCV solution contained 0.250 mg/L of all analytes except Li, Ge, P and S, which were present at 250 mg/L. The recovery of the CCV was then plotted, as shown in Figure 8. The stability of all elements were within 100 ± 5%, with no QC failures over the entire analytical run. The precision of all elements, displayed as % Relative Standard Error (%RSD) was ≤2.5%, except As, which was ≤5%. The recovery data demonstrates the robustness of the 5800 VDV ICP-OES for the analysis of solid-state electrolyte material for over eight hours.</p><h4><strong>Conclusion&nbsp;</strong></h4><p>The Agilent 5800 VDV ICP-OES with the Agilent SPS 4 autosampler was used to quantify 29 elements in 99.9% LGPS—a solid superionic material used as an electrolyte in solid-state LIBs. The samples were prepared using microwave digestion in reverse aqua regia and then analyzed by ICP-OES. With no previous methods available for reference, the following smart tools were used during the study to simplify method development and optimize the analytical workflow, ensuring consistent high-quality results throughout the analysis:&nbsp;</p><ul><li>The IntelliQuant Screening method development tool was used to set an appropriate calibration range and to select the best wavelengths to use for the quantitative method.&nbsp;</li><li>Intelligent Rinse greatly reduced the analysis time by monitoring analyte intensities and rinsing for the minimum required time, while maintaining data accuracy. More than 60 minutes were saved for every 100 solutions using the intuitive rinse routine, compared to the standard 60-second rinse time per solution.&nbsp;</li><li>Early Maintenance Feedback alerted the analyst when maintenance was required based on real usage, maintaining optimum instrument performance and uptime.</li></ul><p>The accuracy of the method was evaluated by conducting spike recovery tests of the LGPS sample. Recoveries were within 100 ± 10% in all cases, with precision (%RSD) of most elements below 2.5%. The instrument also displayed excellent stability over the eight-hour run without failing a single QC measurement. This study demonstrates that manufacturers of solid-state battery electrolytes can reliably and accurately measure impurity elements using the 5800 VDV ICP-OES.</p><h3><strong>2. Shimadzu: Multi-Element Analysis of Farmland Soil Extracts Using ICPE-9820 and a Multi-Component Extraction Method&nbsp;</strong></h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_00816_en_a130c8c0fc.pdf"><strong>Full PDF for download</strong></a></li></ul><h4><strong>User Benefits:</strong></h4><ul><li>The <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=ICPE-9820"><strong>ICPE-9820</strong></a> can quickly analyze farmland soil for multiple elements simultaneously.</li><li>The multi-component extraction method can be used for accurate analysis of even high salt samples (0.2 mol/L sodium chloride).&nbsp;</li></ul><p>Farmland soil contains constituents essential for crop growth, and their concentrations affect both yield and quality. Soil testing uses soil analysis to determine the concentrations of these constituents and the fertilization regimen needed to achieve an optimum balance of constituentsin farmland soil.&nbsp;</p><p>Soil testing typically uses a different extraction process for each target analyte, requiring a large number of analytical operations, but a multi-component extraction method can be used to analyze multiple soil constituents with a single extraction process for quicker overall analysis. The Tokyo University of Agriculture soil testing system uses sodium chloride for multi-component extraction, enabling the measurement of exchangeable constituents (Al, Ca, K, Mg, P, and S) and inorganic nitrogen (ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen) and the estimation of cation exchange capacity (CEC) from the same solution extract.&nbsp;</p><p>By measuring multiple elements simultaneously in a single analysis, The ICPE-9820, an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrophotometer (ICP-AES) offers quicker elemental analysis. And it can be combined with sodium chloride extraction to dramatically reduces the time required to perform soil testing.&nbsp;</p><p>In this Application News, the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=ICPE-9820"><strong>ICPE-9820</strong></a> analyzed farmland soil solution extracts for exchangeable constituents, available boron and trace elements, and a spike recovery test and a dilution test were then performed to validate this analytical method.</p><h4><strong>Conclusion&nbsp;</strong></h4><p>In this Application News, exchangeable components, available boron, and trace elements were analyzed in three farmland soil solutions extracted with extraction reagents used in the Soil Diagnostic System of Tokyo University of Agriculture using ICPE9820. The results from validation testing show the analytical method was accurate. And using an axial view and radial view of plasma for different purposes allowed high-concentration and low-concentration constituents to be measured simultaneously without diluting samples for individual target analytes.</p><h3><strong>3. Thermo Fisher Scientific: Pushing the limits for trace elemental analysis using triple quadrupole ICP-MS</strong></h3><ul><li>Other document (Case study)</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/cs_003716_tea_icp_ms_icap_mx_ultra_trace_analysis_aquitaine_cs003716_em_en_d2772efe45.pdf"><strong>Full PDF for download</strong></a></li></ul><p>Ultra Trace Analysis Aquitaine (UT2A) was formed in 1999 as a spin-off laboratory from the University of Pau, France, and is today a renowned independent technology center dedicated to inorganic analysis. The team’s mission is to help their clients fully understand the elemental content of their samples—not just supporting them by performing analyses but also helping established laboratories develop and fully optimize existing methods, up to the generation of ready to implement SOPs. UT2A collaborates with customers from all industries and analyzes a wide range of samples, including waters, foods, pharmaceuticals, and polymers. UT2A also provides solutions to test established methods for evaluation of performance.&nbsp;</p><p>Jean Dumont is an application engineer with a background in elemental speciation who is now managing the routine analysis performed in the laboratory. He joined UT2A in 2003 as one of the first of what is now a team of 11 technical experts and lab technicians in the field of elemental analysis. “The first ICP-MS I used did not yet have a collision cell, so we had to be very careful with interferences,” says Jean. He adds, “For us, it is also very important to include sample preparation into our considerations as it is vital to get complete digestions and also to decrease detetction limits due to backgrounds.”&nbsp;</p><p>UT2A received a Thermo Scientific™ <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/1488"><strong>iCAP™ MTX ICP-MS</strong></a> in their lab and have used it intensively and in full production over a period of 10 months. This was possible as the system was fully qualified using IQ/OQ. The instrument was usually operated twice per week, and on each day of operation, approximately 200 samples were run, including all blanks, standards, and QC checks.</p>

News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 17, 2025

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News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 17, 2025

News from LabRulezLCMS Library - Week 17, 2025

News from LabRulezGCMS Library - Week 17, 2025

News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 16, 2025

News from LabRulezLCMS Library - Week 16, 2025

Reactivity and fluxes of antimony in a macrotidal estuarine salinity gradient: Insights from single and triple quadrupole ICP-MS performances

Data Processing Using Thermo Freestyle Software with NIST MSMS Search for Compound Identifications (Elemental Composition with Freestyle)

News from LabRulezLCMS Library - Week 15, 2025

News from LabRulezGCMS Library - Week 15, 2025

Injection artifacts in odorant analysis by gas chromatography

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