Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezLCMS Library in the week of 9th December 2024? Check out new documents from the field of liquid phase, especially HPLC and LC/MS techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT LCMS AND RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezGCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezICPMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you applications by Shimadzu, Metrohm, and &nbsp;Waters Corporation, a presentation by Agilent Technologies, and a poster from MSACL by Thermo Fisher Scientific!<h4>1. Shimadzu: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_00750_en_bee79113e7.pdf">Analysis of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) using Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer Part 1 - Fish Fillet</a></h4><ul><li>Application</li></ul>User Benefits<ul><li>The optimized procedure for pretreatment and LC-MS/MS analytical conditions enable accurate quantification of thirty major PFASs targeted by AOAC SMPR from 0.1 μg/kg.</li><li>The method allows the initiation of PFASs analysis in food.</li></ul>IntroductionPer- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) are a collective name for more than four thousand organofluorine compounds. Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) are representative compounds of PFAS. They are used in a wide range of applications, such as fire retardants, food packaging materials, and non-stick coatings, due to their water-repellent, oil-repellent, heat-resistant, and chemical-resistant properties. Due to their structural stability, PFAS widely remains in the environment. There are concerns about health risks caused by human ingestion of fish that have ingested seawater, river water, or feed contaminated with PFAS. Therefore, quantitative assessment of PFAS levels in fish should be important.This application news introduces a quantitative analysis of PFAS in tuna fillets with LC-MS/MS. Thirty principal PFASs targeted by AOAC INTERNATIONAL, a North American organization that standardizes food testing methods and verifies analytical methods, were analyzed using newly created method, which was investigated from the pretreatment procedure then validated by recovery test. By reducing losses during the pretreatment and optimizing the analytical conditions, good recovery rates were obtained for all compounds.ConclusionThis application news described a quantitative analysis of thirty PFAS targeted by AOAC INTERNATIONAL in tuna fillet. The analysis was performed using a quadrupole mass spectrometer LCMS-8060NX equipped with ultra-high performance liquid chromatograph Nexera X3 UHPLC system. Shim-pack Scepter, which provides good separation and peak shape, was used as the column. A spiked recovery test were conducted, and all compounds showed recovery rate within 80-120% and repeatability below 20% at spiked concentrations of 0.1, 1, 5 μg/kg. In particular, recovery rates of PFOS, PFOA, PFNA, and PFHxS were within 95.5-108.4% at all spiked concentrations. Using optimized pretreatment and analytical methods, accurate quantitation is possible from 0.1 μg/kg.<h4>2. Agilent Technologies: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/getting_the_most_from_your_diode_array_detector_aug292024_a46bb2eeed.pdf">Getting the Most from Your Diode Array Detector</a></h4><ul><li>Presentation</li></ul><h5>Agenda</h5><ul><li>Introduction</li><li>Fundamentals<ul><li>Beer-Lambert law</li><li>UV-vis detection</li><li>DAD and MWD</li><li>DAD spectra collection</li><li>UV spectrum confirmation</li><li>peak purity</li></ul></li><li>Maximizing sensitivity<ul><li>What is sensitivity?</li><li>Factors affecting sensitivity</li><li>Analyte</li><li>Factors affecting sensitivity</li><li>System</li><li>Detector</li></ul></li><li>Spectral acquisition<ul><li>Settings</li><li>Spectrum storage</li><li>Range, step, and threshold</li><li>OpenLab Resources</li></ul></li><li>DAD maintenance<ul><li>Maintenance schedule</li><li>InfinityLab LC performance standard</li><li>Lab advisor</li><li>Care of flow cells</li><li>Flow cells</li><li>Best practices</li><li>Maintenance resources</li></ul></li><li>Troubleshooting</li><li>Additional Resources</li></ul><h4>3. Waters Corporation: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/720008521_en_ff59413ad8.pdf">HPLC Autosampler Performance II: Improved Injection Precision of USP Methods With the Alliance™ iS HPLC System</a></h4><ul><li>Application</li></ul>AbstractMethod conditions and instrument characteristics can affect the autosampler performance of High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) systems. Challenging method conditions, such as low injection volume and highly organic sample diluents, require high precision to meet strict suitability requirements. Instrument characteristics, such as sample aspiration mechanism and injector draw rate, often vary between vendors and may impact the precision performance of the autosampler. This can pose a challenge for analytical laboratories that desire to run methods with strict precision suitability criteria across HPLC systems from different vendors. In this study, the injection precision performance of the Alliance iS HPLC System and similar HPLC systems were compared using four compendial HPLC methods from the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) with strict precision criteria and challenging method conditions. Peak area reproducibility was evaluated as a proxy for autosampler performance of each system.Benefits<ul><li>High precision for a range of sample diluents and injection volumes on the Alliance iS HPLC System</li><li>Meets strict injection precision criteria for challenging USP methods on the Alliance iS HPLC System</li><li>Demonstrates improved precision on the Alliance iS HPLC System over similar HPLC systems for highly organic sample diluent</li></ul>IntroductionFor many regulated methods in the United States Pharmacopeia (USP), injection precision is a common system suitability criterion. Injection precision is a measure of the autosampler performance in a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system. The autosampler is responsible for delivering precise aliquots of sample to the HPLC system flow path.1 This performance can be impacted by method conditions and instrument characteristics.2,3,4 To ensure that acquired data is accurate and meets suitability requirements of the method, high performance is required from an autosampler.Instrument characteristics, such as sample aspiration mechanism and injector draw rate, vary among vendors due to differences in system design. Sample aspiration is typically controlled by either a metering device or a sampling syringe.1 Injector draw rate is a setting typically set to a default speed that often varies with instrument vendor.4 These different characteristics can complicate running methods across systems from different vendors. A routine method that performs well on one HPLC system may not meet system suitability criteria on a different HPLC system. Therefore, it is important to consider how autosampler performance is affected by instrument characteristics.In this study, four USP Assay monographs were used to examine the impact of instrument characteristics on injection precision of an Alliance iS HPLC System and comparable HPLC systems. The HPLC systems include sampling syringe and metering device aspiration mechanisms and utilize different injector draw speeds. The USP Assay methods have challenging method conditions: varying organic content in the sample diluent (20%–100% organic), low injection volumes (6.6 μL–20 μL), and narrow injection precision criteria (0.73% to 2.0%).ConclusionThe ability of an HPLC system to acquire consistent, repeatable data is critical and requires high performance from an autosampler. This study examined the impact of instrument characteristics, such as sample aspiration mechanisms and injector draw rates, on HPLC performance in meeting precision requirements. Autosampler performance is complex and was found to vary with the method and the system. The metering device has benefits for precision performance over the sampling syringe, using a more finely tuned syringe draw motor and being located in-line with the high-pressure flow path.For fluconazole and ketoconazole USP assays, the Alliance iS HPLC demonstrated the best performance overall, with the lowest peak area %RSDs. The ketoconazole assay had particularly challenging method conditions and produced widely varying results among the HPLC systems. Alliance iS HPLC System demonstrated high precision and produced consistent and reproducible results across the three-day period, meeting the stringent 0.73% peak area RSD requirement.The ketoconazole assay produced disparate results among the HPLC systems using metering devices, which was unexpected. Upon tracking the absolute peak area of ketoconazole for each system, evaporation and carryover were ruled out as causes of the peak variability. Additionally, despite identical injector draw rates on two of the HPLC systems, their performance varied significantly. While aspiration mechanism and injector draw rate are important factors, they do not fully explain the observed variations in autosampler performance.<h4>4. Metrohm: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_c_198_download_6dcbc46fdf.pdf">Calcium acetate assay in calcium acetate capsules</a></h4><ul><li>Application</li></ul>Method validation according to the U.S. Pharmacopeia (USP)Calcium acetate functions as a phosphate binder in the gastrointestinal tract, helping to lower high phosphate levels in individuals with kidney disease who are receiving dialysis treatment [1,2]. To meet the stringent quality standards for pharmaceutical products, manufacturers and laboratories must use validated methods from the United States Pharmacopeia – National Formulary (USP-NF). Previously, such methods included titration or liquid chromatography (LC) with UV detection. As part of their modernization efforts, the USP has updated the calcium monograph to include ion chromatographic (IC) analysis, which is more straightforward and sensitive than previous methods. For the calcium acetate assay, the USP specifies ion chromatography using a cation-exchange column with L76 column material and non-suppressed conductivity detection to quantify the amount of calcium ions in calcium acetate capsules [3].The current IC method employs a Metrosep C 6 -150/4.0 column (L76) to separate calcium from other ions in calcium acetate capsules. This method has been validated according to USP General Chapters &lt;621&gt; Chromatography [4] and &lt;1225&gt; Validation of Compendial Procedures [5]. All acceptance criteria for the calcium acetate assay in the USP monograph «Calcium Acetate Capsules» are met.SAMPLE AND SAMPLE PREPARATIONThe standard solution nominally contains 0.08 mg/mL of USP Calcium Acetate Reference Standard (Cat#1086334) in water. It is prepared by accurately weighing 80.0 mg of USP Calcium Acetate Reference Standard and transferring it into a clean 1000 mL volumetric flask. It is dissolved and made up to the mark with ultrapure water (UPW).For sample stock solutions nominally containing 6.7 mg/mL of calcium acetate, an appropriate portion of the contents of at least 20 capsules are transferred into a 2000 mL volumetric flask. UPW is added to about 40% of the final volume of the volumetric flask, and the solution is then sonicated for 30 minutes with intermittent shaking. Afterwards, the solution is made up to the mark with UPW and filtered through 0.2 μm filter paper.For sample solutions nominally containing 0.08 mg/mL of calcium acetate, 5.97 mL of sample stock solution are transferred into a clean 500 mL volumetric flask. This is diluted and made up to the mark with UPW. All solutions are sonicated for 5 minutes before injection.CONCLUSIONAccording to the USP monograph for calcium acetate capsules [3], the assay for calcium acetate involves determining calcium content using ion chromatography (IC) on a separation column with L76 packing material (here: Metrosep C 6). The validation results met all requirements of the monograph and adhered to the guidelines specified in USP General Chapters &lt;621&gt; Chromatography and &lt;1225&gt; Validation of Compendial Procedures [4,5]. The described IC method is appropriate for quantifying calcium in calcium acetate capsules.<h4>5. Thermo Fisher Scientific / <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/companies/294">MSACL</a>: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/po_quantitation_per_polyfluoroalkyl_human_serum_po_en_e61e41c57b.pdf">Quantitation of a Panel of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) in Human Serum</a></h4><ul><li>Poster (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/companies/294">MSACL</a>)</li></ul><h5>Abstract</h5>Purpose: Develop an LC-MS analytical method for quantitation of PFAS compound in human serum.Methods: Human serum samples were spiked with 37 PFAS compounds followed by protein precipitation with 4x volume of methanol. The supernatant was analyzed on an LC-MS system equipped with low-PSAF tubing and a delay column to minimize background interferences.Results: LOQs from 0.025 to 2.5 ng/mL were reached for all compounds.<h5>Introduction</h5>Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances have been monitored in environmental and industrial samples for some time. Wellness panels are becoming more frequent and quantitating PFAS in biological samples are a part of these panels. Due to the evolving regulations and discoveries of potential health effects with these compounds it important to measure a wide range of PFAS compounds.<h5>Conclusions</h5><ul><li>10-minute method for 37 PFAS compounds on the Vanquish UHPLC and TSQ Altis Plus was developed. The method showed good accuracy and precision measurements.</li><li>While this method used simple protein precipitation for sample processing, future work includes developing an SPE method to enhance detection limits.</li></ul>

News from LabRulezLCMS Library - Week 50, 2024

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezICPMS Library in week 50, 2024? Check out new documents from the field of spectroscopy, especially ICP/MS techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT ICPMS AND RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezGCMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you applications by Agilent Technologies, Shimadzu, and Thermo Fisher Scientific!<h4>1. Thermo Fisher Scientific: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_003165_tea_icp_ms_icap_msx_water_bureau_of_indian_standards_an003165_na_en_891819730a.pdf">Multielement analysis of drinking water samples as per regulations from the Bureau of Indian Standards using ICP-MS</a></h4><ul><li>Application</li></ul>GoalTo demonstrate the performance of the Thermo Scientific™ iCAP™ MSX ICP-MS for analysis of a variety of water samples, including surface waters, groundwaters, and drinking waters, following the Indian Standards’ specifications.IntroductionThe quality of drinking water refers to its safety, purity, and suitability for human consumption. It is essential that drinking water meets specific standards and guidelines to ensure it does not pose any health risks to individuals who consume it. Drinking waters are regularly monitored for the content of different elements, in particular highly toxic heavy metals such as arsenic, cadmium, mercury, and lead, which are severely detrimental for human and environmental health. The regulations applicable for testing and assuring water quality in India are as follows:<ul><li>IS 10500:2012 Drinking water - Specification</li><li>IS 13428:2005 Packaged Natural Mineral Water - Specification</li><li>IS 14543:2004 Packaged Drinking Water - Specification</li></ul>These regulations specify stringent maximum contaminant levels (MCLs) of different toxic and some nutritional elements in drinking water samples, as listed in Table 1.Drinking water samples must be regularly monitored to ensure that they comply with these regulations. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is a powerful technique for analyzing a wide range of analytes in given samples, providing superior sensitivity that enables the reliable detection of very low concentrations of analytes in water samples. Additionally, a high robustness of the ICP-MS system is also a desired feature because it helps analytical testing laboratories, carrying out analysis of different drinking water samples regularly, to cope with a high sample load and deliver accurate results on time. While drinking water samples are usually low in Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) content, different drinking waters may be fortified with varying amounts of nutrient elements to increase their nutritional values. When analyzing a mix of such different samples, Argon Gas Dilution (AGD) offers a comprehensive solution for effective handling of a variety of sample types including those with high TDS in one analytical run. In addition, AGD helps to avoid off-line liquid sample dilution, which in turn saves associated labor and cost, and minimizes the risk of contamination, while still delivering consistent results with minimum matrix effects.This application note describes the analysis of different drinking water samples using the iCAP MSX ICP-MS operated with AGD as a tool to facilitate sample dilution directly during sample introduction.ConclusionThis application note highlights the ease and effectiveness of using the iCAP MSX ICP-MS in combination with the iSC-65 Autosampler for routine monitoring of water quality in terms of elemental composition. The method described involves a 5-fold dilution of all samples using AGD (Argon Gas Dilution) for the sensitive and reliable elemental analysis across different drinking water samples. By utilizing this approach, accurate and precise results can be obtained for routine water quality monitoring. The instrument performance exceeds the requirements of analytical testing laboratories tasked with the analysis of different water and other environmental samples. The main conclusions are summarized below.<ul><li>The use of Argon Gas Dilution, the availability of different dilution levels, and accomplishing dilution automatically inside the instrument with no additional sample handling required reduces time and effort spent in preparing samples and helps achieve seamless measurements of drinking water samples. The AGD features are easy to set up and operate and are fully integrated and supported in the Qtegra ISDS Software.</li><li>Excellent linearity was achieved for all analytes due to the large linear dynamic range of the iCAP MSX ICP-MS, which allows for precise determination of major elements and trace elements with low and high concentrations in one measurement without further sample dilution. The LODs of the different analytes demonstrate that the instrument easily meets and exceeds the sensitivity requirements specified in local regulations pertaining to water analysis.</li><li>Robust and stable analytical performance with exceptional signal stability was demonstrated over a 12-hour uninterrupted sequence.</li></ul><h4>2. Shimadzu: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/a421_0b334306a3.pdf">Infrared Spectra of Polyvinyl Chloride</a></h4><ul><li>Application</li></ul>User BenefitsPVC can be qualitatively determined by checking specific peaks, and the presence of PVC can be confirmed even when the amount of additive is very large.Since PVC has few peaks in the fingerprint region, it is easy to qualitatively identify the additives contained in PVC.IntroductionPolyvinyl chloride (PVC) is a synthetic thermoplastic polymer with excellent water resistance, acid resistance, alkali resistance, electrical nonconductivity, and flame resistance, and is used in a wide variety of applications, including film, synthetic leather, fibers, wire coating, rope, and toys, to name a few. Various types of additives such as plasticizers, stabilizers, and fillers can be added to this PVC resin, so that the final PVC product can be either rigid or soft, depending on the amount of plasticizer added. Various types of plasticizers, for example di-2-ethyl hexyl phthalate (dioctyl phthalate), have been added to PVC at concentrations higher than 10 % to produce soft PVC. Since PVC displays relatively weak infrared absorption, PVC that contains a large amount of phthalic ester is strongly affected by that substance, displaying an infrared spectrum which is more similar in shape to the phthalic ester than PVC. For this reason, many soft PVC samples have shown the similar type of infrared spectrum as the phthalic ester. However, due to concerns about the adverse health affects of these phthalic ester plasticizers, including their carcinogenicity, their application and content levels are regulated. Consequently, soft PVC containing various types of plasticizers instead of those containing phthalic esters are currently being marketed.Since soft PVC containing a large amount of plasticizer displays an infrared spectrum that is greatly affected by the plasticizer, a variety of infrared spectral shapes are seen with soft PVC. Here we introduce and discuss the infrared spectra of this type of soft PVC.ConclusionIn this application, we analyzed PVC containing various plasticizers using the ATR method and demonstrated that the C-Cl stretching vibration near 610 cm-1 is important for identifying PVC. By checking the infrared spectrum using FTIR, it is possible to easily perform qualitative analysis of plasticizers used in soft PVC.<h4>3. Agilent Technologies: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_uv_vis_nir_spectroscopy_band_gap_analysis_semiconducting_materials_5994_7854en_agilent_0ab9ab5fa9.pdf">Determination of Band Gap in Metal Oxides Using UV-Vis Spectroscopy</a></h4><ul><li>Application</li></ul>IntroductionThe band gap of semiconducting materials plays a critical role in shaping their performance across various electronic and optoelectronic applications. UV-Vis spectroscopy stands as an efficient method for evaluating these band gaps, providing insights into the electronic structure of materials. This understanding is pivotal in refining materials used in fields such as photocatalysis and solar energy conversion.1UV-Vis spectroscopy measures the absorbance or reflectance of materials over a range of wavelengths. When the energy of incident photons matches or exceeds the band gap energy, electrons transition from the valence band to the conduction band, leading to distinctive absorption characteristics.This application note investigates band gap analysis using UV-Vis spectroscopy, and presents a detailed methodology for precise and dependable measurements by leveraging the capabilities of the Agilent Cary 5000 UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer and Agilent Cary WinUV software.ConclusionThe findings of this study highlight the efficacy of using the Agilent Cary 5000 UV-Vis-NIR spectrophotometer combined with Agilent Cary WinUV software for accurate and reliable band gap analysis of semiconducting materials. The integration of the Praying Mantis diffuse reflectance accessory ensured reproducible sample positioning and measurements. The use of the first derivative of wavelength scans, facilitated by the software's built-in calculator function, proved to be a streamlined and precise method for determining band gaps. The band gap values obtained were consistent with established literature, confirming the validity of this approach. This methodology offers a robust and efficient tool for researchers working in fields such as photocatalysis and solar energy conversion, enabling precise characterization of electronic structures in various materials.

News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 50, 2024

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezGCMS Library in the week of 6th January 2025? Check out new documents from the field of the gas phase, especially GC and GC/MS techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT GCMS AND RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezICPMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you applications and other documents by Agilent Technologies, Thermo Fisher Scientific, and Shimadzu!<h4>1. Shimadzu: GC-MS-Based Evaluation of Fatty Acid Composition in Microalgae</h4><ul><li>Application</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/ap_aplnote106_en_a5170916d8.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Given the urgent need to mitigate climate change and reduce dependence on fossil fuels, there has been a substantial increase in research and development efforts focused on the production of Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) from microalgae. As the fatty acids contained in microalgae are used as raw materials for SAF, the standardization of analytical methods for these fatty acids is imperative for accurately evaluating the potential of microalgae as a SAF source. This paper introduces a case study in which we validated an analytical method for fatty acids in microalgae biomass using the GCMS-TQ TM 8040 NX, a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer capable of high-resolution and high-sensitivity detection.<h5>GC-MS Analysis Methods</h5>GCMS-TQ8040 NX (Fig. 3A) was employed for FAME analyses. The detailed analytical condition is shown in Table 2. Retention times of target compounds were predicted using the Smart Metabolites Database (Fig. 3B) based on the retention indices of n-alkanes, and the analysis method was automatically created. Quantification of FAMEs was performed using Supelco 37 Component FAME Mix (Sigma-Aldrich). All values are presented as mean ±SD.<h5>Conclusion</h5>This application note presented a comparative validation of fatty acid analysis methods for microalgae using the gas chromatography-mass spectrometer GCMS-TQ8040 NX. Our results from conventional fatty acid analysis, which involved an extraction process, showed that the quantity of fatty acids detected in microalgae was influenced by the type and ratio of extraction solvents. Additionally, since optimal conditions differ among microalgal species, consideration of extraction solvents is necessary in analyses involving extraction processes. In contrast, the in situ analysis without an extraction process was found to result in lower fatty acid detection compared to the extraction-based method, indicating that further improvements are needed.<h4>2. Agilent Technologies:&nbsp;Hydrocarbon Class Analysis of Conventional and Synthetic Aviation Turbine Fuels by ASTM D8396</h4><ul><li>Application</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_aviation_turbine_fuels_astm_d8396_5994_7929en_agilent_7d0fe51745.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Flow-modulated GCxGC-FID using the Agilent Reverse Flow Modulator and 8890 GC.This application note demonstrates the performance of the Agilent Reversed Flow Modulator (RFM) and Agilent 8890 GC through molecular group-type analysis of aviation turbine fuel and synthetic aviation turbine fuel (SATF) by comprehensive multidimensional gas chromatography with flame ionization detection (GCxGC-FID) per ASTM D8396. Method precision was explored using both hydrogen and helium carrier gases and yielded quantitative precision below 1.0 %RSD for 39 out of 42 compounds and 42 out of 42 compounds, respectively, across 10 consecutive replicate injections of a gravimetric standard. GCxGC data analysis was conducted using GC Image – GCxGC Edition, and the demonstration of reconciling GCxGC peak movement using GC Image's affine transformation capabilities is also highlighted. Finally, the method is used to show the group-type quantification of a reference jet fuel, an HEFA and an FT-SPK SATF, two kerosene reference materials, and a diesel-FAMEs blend.<h5>Experimental</h5>An 8890 GC was configured with an Agilent 7693A autosampler, split/splitless (SSL) inlet, RFM, and two flame ionization detectors (FID). The second FID is an optional but highly recommended addition and was connected to the outlet of the restrictor column to actively monitor and ensure that the modulation channel was not overfilled during the run. To facilitate modulation, the RFM was paired with a pneumatic switching device (PSD) connected to the carrier gas supply. Both the hydrogen and helium carrier methods used a "reverse column configuration". The first-dimension column was a mid-polar DB-17, and the second-dimension column was a non-polar DB-1HT. The DB-17 was chosen over a more-polar phase (such as a polyethylene glycol "wax" phase) for its robustness and ability to elute heavier polyaromatic species at lower temperatures. The DB-1HT was manually cut to a length of 5.00 m from an original length of 30 m. Both the hydrogen and helium carrier methods used uncoated deactivated fused silica with an internal diameter of 0.10 mm cut to lengths of 1.99 and 2.64 m, respectively, as the restrictor column. Detailed instrument configurations and method parameters can be found in Table 1, and a picture and flow schematic of the RFM is shown in Figure 2.ConclusionAn Agilent 8890 GC configured with an Agilent Reversed Flow Modulator has been demonstrated as a simple, precise, and robust GCxGC flow modulator through the application of ASTM D8396 using both hydrogen and helium carrier. Identification of marker compounds and delineation between molecular classes was achieved using the template-based identification protocol within GC Image. Group-based quantification was demonstrated for conventional jet fuel, SATF as FT-SPK and HEFA-SPK, kerosene, and a diesel-FAME blend. A precision study was conducted with 10 consecutive replicate injections of a gravimetric mixture and showed quantitative precision of less than 1.0 %RSD for practically all 42 compounds over a concentration range of 0.50 to 5.50% mass. The exceptional retention time repeatability from Agilent's 6th-generation EPC technology combined with GC Image's advanced and intuitive image transformation capabilities establishes the foundation for long-term success with D8396 and future GCxGC test methods.<h4>3. Thermo Fisher Scientific: Sensitive and cryogen-free analysis of epichlorohydrin and other VOCs in drinking water by using In-Tube Extraction Dynamic Headspace (ITEX-DHS) sampling coupled to GC-MS</h4><ul><li>Application</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_003503_gc_ms_itex_dhs_vocs_an003503_na_en_f9e523f52a.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>The aim of this study is to demonstrate the suitability of In-Tube Extraction Dynamic Headspace (ITEX-DHS) for the analysis of very volatile organic compounds (VVOCs), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and epichlorohydrin (ECH) in drinking water, when coupled to a cryogen-free refocusing into a programmed temperature vaporizer (PTV) injector.<h5>Instrumentation</h5>A Thermo Scientific™ TriPlus™ RSH SMART autosampler2 equipped with an ITEX-DHS tool was coupled to a Thermo Scientific™ TRACE ™ 1610 GC, configured with a Thermo Scientific™ iConnect™ programmed temperature vaporizer (iConnect-PTV) injector, and a Thermo Scientific™ ISQ™ 7610 single quadrupole mass spectrometer. The PTV injector was equipped with a liner packed with Tenax TA (P/N 45312145-UI), suitable for a cryogen-free refocusing of the most volatile compounds.Chromatographic separation was achieved using a Thermo Scientific™ TraceGOLD™ TG-624 SilMS, 60 m × 0.25 mm × 1.4 μm column (P/N 26085-3330). This column provided high inertness and thermal stability with maximum temperatures up to 320 °C. The phase thickness makes this column ideal for volatile organics analysis. Helium was used as carrier gas, providing high chromatographic efficiency and inertness.<h5>Conclusions</h5>The results of these experiments demonstrate that the In-Tube Extraction Dynamic Headspace (ITEX-DHS) coupled to the ISQ 7610 GC-MS system equipped with an iConnect PTV injector provides an ideal solution for analytical science laboratories monitoring critical contaminants in drinking water.<ul><li>Dynamic headspace is a convenient solventless extraction and enrichment technique for VVOCs, VOCs, and ECH in drinking water with almost no sample preparation required.</li><li>The ITEX-DHS sampling technology offers a robust and powerful enrichment of volatiles, removing typical issues involved when purging the aqueous samples and allowing for equivalent limits of detection to the P&amp;T sampling technique.</li><li>The ITEX-DHS sampling technology coupled to a Tenax TA packed liner and PTV injector allows for analyte trapping and refocusing prior to column transfer so that improved peak shapes for the early eluting compounds can be achieved.</li><li>The ITEX-DHS enrichment capability combined with SIM acquisitions allows for sensitive analysis of ECH and other VOCs with limits of detection in the low ppt range (from 2 to 220 ng/L) ensuring adequate performance to meet the thresholds set by the current EU regulation.</li><li>The reliability of the entire workflow (analyte extraction, enrichment, injection, and data acquisition) was demonstrated with absolute peak area repeatability &lt;14% over n=10 injections of matrix-matched standards spiked at 0.25 μg/L.</li><li>The integrated control for both autosampler and GC-MS in a single CDS ensures a streamlined automated workflow from sample extraction to sequence set up, data acquisition, and reporting.</li></ul>

News from LabRulezGCMS Library - Week 2, 2025

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezLCMS Library in the week of 6th January 2025? Check out new documents from the field of liquid phase, especially HPLC and LC/MS techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT LCMS AND RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezGCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezICPMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you applications by Shimadzu, Metrohm, and &nbsp;Waters Corporation, a presentation by Agilent Technologies, and a poster from MSACL by Thermo Fisher Scientific!<h4>1. ALS Europe: Environmental Challenges of Pharmaceuticals: Persistence and Accumulation in Ecosystems</h4><ul><li>Technical note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/enviromail_21_europe_environmental_challenges_of_pharmaceuticals_nov2024_ad8337748c.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>The drugs are used extensively not only in human and veterinary medicine but are also widely found in livestock feed. Because pharmaceuticals are designed to be effective even at low concentrations, these specific contaminants can exist in the environment at extremely low levels. As with pesticides, these compounds can accumulate in different parts of the ecosystem. Since conventional wastewater treatment plants cannot adequately remove these substances, they are released into the environment, including surface and groundwater, and consequently into drinking water sources.<h5>Pharmaceuticals as "New" Pesticides...</h5>Pharmaceuticals represent a broad and chemically diverse group of substances that is continuously expanding and is characterised by a wide range of clinical effects and extensive use, often leading to overuse, in both human and veterinary medicine. From an environmental perspective, they are classified as organic micropollutants due to their presence in water at low concentrations (ranging from ng/L to μg/L). Both the public and experts are concerned not only about their negative impacts on natural ecosystems but also about their presence in drinking water and the related effects on human health. Their contribution to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is also significant, as it greatly complicates the treatment of infectious diseases and represents a major challenge for current and future medicine.Drugs can enter the environment through various pathways. One of the primary sources of contamination is wastewater from households and health and social care facilities, which contains human urine and faeces, as well as unused or expired pharmaceuticals. Another significant source is wastewater from the pharmaceutical industry. Consequently, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) themselves become sources of environmental contamination, as they are unable to effectively remove pharmaceuticals, allowing them to be transported further into the environment [1].ALS Laboratories have developed and accredited a multiresidue methods for the determination of more than 100 different pharmaceuticals and their metabolites in various types of water. All of our analytical methods use the LC/MS/MS technique for analytes determination, which provides high sensitivity, selectivity and precision of measurement and allows the determination of target compounds at the very low limits required for residue analysis.<h4>2. Thermo Fisher Scientific:&nbsp;Orbitrap Astral MS Literature List: Rethink what is possible</h4><ul><li>Guide</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/eb003337_ms_orbitrap_astral_litlist_eb003337_na_en_454d9ad02c.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Bacterial Proteomics, Drug Resistance, Crosslinking-MS, Metaproteomics, Data Analysis, Mamalian Development, Oxidation, Plant Proteomics, Phosphoproteomics, Plasma Proteomics, Single-Cell Proteomics, Reproducibility, Spatial Proteomics, Salivary Proteome, Technology, Tissue Proteomics, Ubiquitylation, Vaccine Research, Whole Proteome<h4>3. Agilent Technologies: Easy and Fast Automation of Sample Preparation</h4><ul><li>Application</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/te_injector_program_sample_preparation_hplc_5994_7703en_agilent_05f73923a6.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Sample preparation using injector workflows with the Agilent 1260 Infinity III Multisampler and Vialsampler.The demand for automated workflows is increasing as the number of samples in the lab continues to grow, but implementing automation in the lab environment is difficult, time-consuming, and costly. This technical overview describes an alternative method for implementing an automation method quickly and easily for sample preparation. This includes derivatization of amino acid samples, sample dilution, and preparation of calibration standards using an Agilent 1260 Infinity III Multisampler or Agilent 1260 Infinity III Vialsampler in combination with injector workflows. The results obtained were excellent in terms of precision, repeatability, and sensitivity, and are independent of the operator's skills.<h5>The 1260 Infinity III LC comprised the following modules:</h5><ul><li>Agilent 1260 Infinity III Binary Pump (G7112B)</li><li>Either: Agilent 1260 Infinity III Vialsampler (G7129A) with Integrated Column Compartment (G7130A), 100 μL analytical head and 100 μL sample loop (default setup)</li><li>Or: Agilent 1260 Infinity III Multisampler (G7167A) with 100 μL analytical head and 100 μL sample loop (default setup) and additional Multicolumn Thermostat (G7116A)</li><li>Agilent 1260 Infinity III Variable Wavelength Detector (VWD) (G7114A), equipped with a 10 mm standard flow cell (14 μL, option #018)</li><li>Agilent 1260 Infinity III Fluorescence Detector Spectra (FLD) (G7121B), equipped with an 8 μL FLD cell (G1321-60005)</li></ul><h5>Agilent OpenLab CDS version 2.8 or later</h5><h5>Columns</h5><ul><li>Agilent InfinityLab Poroshell 120 EC-C18, 2.1 × 50 mm, 2.7 μm (part number 699975-902)</li><li>Agilent AdvanceBio AAA LC column, 3.0 × 100 mm, 2.7 μm (part number 695975-322) with Agilent AdvanceBio AAA guard column, 3.0 × 5 mm, 2.7 μm (part number 823750-946)</li></ul>Injector workflows, in combination with the Agilent 1260 Infinity III Multisampler or Agilent 1260 Infinity III Vialsampler enable automation of certain sample preparation methods such as derivatization of amino acids, sample dilution, and preparation of calibration standards with excellent precision, repeatability, and sensitivity. The injector workflow differs from the conventional injector program in its ability to set up methods faster and easier without error, saving time and cost.<h4>4. Waters Corporation:&nbsp;Evaluation of Modern and Legacy HPLC Systems for the Size-Exclusion Analysis of Aggregation and Fragmentation in a Monoclonal Antibody Drug</h4><ul><li>Application</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/720008614_en_f03ac5dc38.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Size-exclusion chromatography is a widely used characterization technique for the analysis of aggregation and fragmentation of monoclonal antibody drugs. Traditional high-performance liquid chromatography systems have a large amount of extra-column dispersion which makes size-exclusion data analysis difficult due to band broadening and increased peak tailing. Additionally, biologic analytes may experience non-specific adsorption throughout the chromatographic flow path, further increasing the effects of peak tailing. The Alliance™ iS Bio HPLC System addresses both concerns by offering lower system dispersion than legacy HPLC systems alongside a bio-inert flow path employing MaxPeak™ High-Performance Surfaces Technology.In this work an Alliance iS Bio HPLC System, an Alliance e2695, and a competitive Bio-inert HPLC system are compared using a size-exclusion method for analysis of monoclonal antibody aggregation and fragmentation. Dispersion on each system is determined and the Alliance iS Bio HPLC is shown to have the lowest 4σ dispersion. This translates to lower peak tailing, tighter peak width, and a more accurate measurement of low- molecular weight species of infliximab due to lower monomer peak tailing and better monomer resolution.<h5>Benefits</h5><ul><li>Biocompatible system for use in salty bio-applications</li><li>MaxPeak HPS for reduced off-target analyte interaction results in less peak tailing</li><li>Low system dispersion results in better fragmentation determination</li></ul><h4>5. Shimadzu: Rapid Screening of 501 Emerging Contaminants in Water Using Polarity-Extended Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry</h4><ul><li>Application</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_03_lcmsms_919_en_1790a25e03.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul><h5>User Benefits</h5><ul><li>Polarity-Extended Liquid Chromatography combines hydrophilic interaction chromatography and reversed-phase chromatography to achieve simultaneous analysis of polar and weakly polar compounds.</li><li>This method can detect 501 emerging contaminants, offering a broad scope in terms of both quantity and variety.</li><li>The water sample is concentrated using freeze-drying method, effectively recovering both polar and non-polar compounds are recovered well.</li></ul><h5>Introduction</h5>In recent years, water pollution has become increasingly serious, and the problem of emerging pollutants in water has attracted much attention. Traditional analytical methods for emerging pollutants mainly focus on 1-2 categories of emerging pollutants and pay less attention to strongly polar pollutants. The Polarity-Extended Liquid Chromatography, through patented technologies such as polarity splitting, online dilution, and dual gradients, combines a Hilic column (first dimension) and a C18 column (second dimension), which can broaden the polarity analysis range of compounds and achieve simultaneous analysis of polar and weakly polar compounds. Fig. 1 shows the Polarity-Extended Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry System.In this paper, a method for rapid screening of 501 emerging pollutants was established by using Shimadzu's Polarity-Extended Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry System. This method solves the problem of simultaneous analysis of strong and weak polar pollutants.<h5>Conclusion</h5>In this study, a method for detecting emerging pollutants in water by combining the Polarity-Extended Liquid Chromatography and LCMS - 8050 series coupling system was established. This method combines hydrophilic interaction chromatography and reversed - phase chromatography to achieve the simultaneous separation of polar and non - polar compounds with a single injection. The detection of 501 emerging pollutants was achieved within 28 minutes. The linearity and repeatability of the method meet the quantitative requirements. After pretreatment operations such as freeze - drying, re-dissolution, and nitrogen blowing of the samples, the recovery rates for most compounds were satisfactory. This method has been successfully used for the rapid screening of new pollutants in tap water and sewage. The combination of Polarity-Extended Liquid Chromatography and mass spectrometry enables the one-injection analysis of compounds with different polarities without significantly increasing analysis time, making it suitable for the rapid screening of emerging pollutants in water.<h4>6. Metrohm:&nbsp;Installation Instruction for ProfIC Vario 7 Anion</h4><ul><li>Manual</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/AB_379_2_1d0cb4a2d3.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>The ProfIC Vario 7 Anion is a Professional IC Vario system with Inline Dilution and Inline Dialysis for the fully automatic determination of anions with sequential suppression in very high concentrations in matrices containing emulsions. This system enables users to dilute the sample and eliminate droplets of fat or organic solvents or particles prior to the analysis.

News from LabRulezLCMS Library - Week 2, 2025

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezICPMS Library in the week of 6th January 2025? Check out new documents from the field of spectroscopy/spectrometry and related techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT SPECTROSCOPY/SPECTROMETRY RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezGCMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you applications by ALS Europe, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Agilent Technologies and Shimadzu!<h4>1. ALS Europe: Precision and Detail Ensured by Scanning Electron Microscopy</h4><ul><li>Technical note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/enviromail_19_europe_precision_and_detail_ensured_by_scanning_electron_microscopy_july2024_f03db63b86.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>A Scanning Electron Microscope equipped with Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) represents a powerful tool and robust analytical technique that offers an extensive array of data regarding the microstructural and compositional attributes of a diverse spectrum of materials. ALS Laboratories are equipped with a modern scanning electron microscope Tescan VEGA 3 LMU with an energy-dispersive detector (EDS) Oxford X-Max 20. It is an ideal technique for surface inspection, identification of the elemental composition of unknown particles in a sample, or advanced determination of particle size or type distribution.<h5>Elemental Analysis</h5>An effective complement to the microscope itself is the aforementioned EDS detector, which can detect characteristic X-rays and assign them to specific elements. The latest systems are capable of detecting elements heavier than boron, i.e., elements with an atomic number &gt;5. The Oxford AZtec X-Max 20 EDS detector in our laboratories can very quickly confirm or exclude the presence of elements heavier than beryllium (excluding hydrogen, helium, and lithium). The result is a spectrum from which the composition of the examined particle can be determined. This capability can be utilised, for example, to compare the sample material with a supplied standard or to observe changes occurring in the sample when exposed to various processes and conditions.<h5>Feature Analysis</h5>Using the software module "Feature Analysis," it is possible to automatically analyse a large number of particles in terms of morphology, chemical composition, or a combination of both. A significant advantage over common techniques such as laser diffraction is the ability to directly image the analysed particles. The particles can be sorted entirely automatically, either by morphology, by defining parameters such as length, area, shape, etc., or by chemical composition, for example, whether they contain a specific element or not. The outputs can include various graphs and tables (see Figures 4 (A/B).The most common analyses in ALS Laboratories include: the anti-corrosion coating of car parts, the specification of foreign particles, a very frequent analysis is an identification of deposits on filters, identification of sediments, or stains, and defects on the surface of various materials and products. SEM-EDS analysis is also often an integral part of production processes, where quality control of intermediate and final products is crucial.<h4>2. Thermo Fisher Scientific: Analysis of photovoltaic grade silicon using triple quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS)</h4><ul><li>Application</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_003016_tea_icp_ms_icap_mtx_photovoltaics_an003016_em_en_27bac73d30.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>To demonstrate a robust and accurate analytical method for the determination of bulk and trace elements in photovoltaic samples using triple quadrupole ICP-MS<h5>Introduction</h5>Development of renewable and low-carbon energy sources has become critical in addressing global concerns related to carbon emissions and climate change. One key technology in achieving the reduction of CO2 emissions while ensuring a stable and reliable energy supply is the use of photovoltaic (PV) technology. PV technology harnesses the natural energy from the sun and converts it into electrical power, emits zero CO2, and enhances energy security. Additionally, PV solar cells are predominantly composed of silicon, an abundant resource on Earth, making the transition to PV energy a viable option as a primary source of electricity, aligning with the move towards climate-friendly energy resources.However, it is important to acknowledge that PV also has certain drawbacks, including susceptibility to damage, dependence on sunlight, and associated costs. To address these concerns, it is crucial to focus on developing innovative solutions that result in durable products, increased energy efficiency, and degradation prevention.<h5>Experimental optimization of the instrument parameters</h5>An <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/1488">iCAP MTX ICP-MS</a>, operated together with a Thermo Scientific™ iSC-65 Autosampler, was used for all analyses. The sample introduction system consisted of a Peltier-cooled (at 2.7 °C) and dedicated HF sample introduction kit consisting of a baffled PFA cyclonic spray chamber (Savillex, Eden Prairie, MN, USA), PFA concentric nebulizer (Savillex), and PLUS torch1 with a 2.0 mm i.d. removable sapphire injector. The built-in argon humidifier was used for moisturizing the nebulizer gas to prevent salt deposit on the nebulizer tip, along with integrated argon gas dilution.&nbsp;To further increase uptime of the instrument, intelligent matrix handling was used, a unique feature of the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products?instrumentationItems=83&amp;search=MSX+MTX">Thermo Scientific™ iCAP™ MX Series ICP-MS instruments</a> to reduce exposure to sample matrix during sample uptake and wash. Interferences on all analytes were effectively controlled using the QCell collision/reaction cell (CRC) and leveraging the superior interference removal capabilities of a triple quadrupole ICP-MS instrument. In addition to the use of O2 as a reactive gas in triple quadrupole mode for highly interfered analytes such as phosphorus, sulfur, arsenic and selenium, the instrument was also operated in single quadrupole mode using helium and kinetic energy discrimination (KED) for interference free analysis of other analytes over the full mass range. Table 1 summarizes the instrument configuration and analytical parameters.The selection of the most appropriate isotopes per analyte, as well as the optimum analysis conditions (i.e., KED mode versus reactive gas, on mass mode versus mass shift mode) was automatically accomplished using the Reaction Finder Method Development Assistant available in the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/1489">Thermo Scientific™ Qtegra™ Intelligent Scientific Data Solution™ (ISDS) Software</a>. Measurement modes were optimized using the provided autotune procedures.The iSC-65 Autosampler allowed for the use of Step Ahead functionality to shorten the overall measurement time per sample and increase the number of samples that can be analyzed per unit time.<h4>3. Agilent Technologies: ICP-OES Analysis of Electrolytes for All-Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries</h4><ul><li>Application</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/application_v_flow_battery_icp_oes_5800_5994_7968en_agilent_1_563bab0388.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Quantification of impurity elements in vanadium sulfate electrolytes using an Agilent 5800 VDV ICP-OES.The detrimental effects of burning fossil fuels on the climate, environment, and air quality are driving the shift towards cleaner and more sustainable sources of energy. However, challenges remain for the renewable energy sector, as both wind and solar power can be intermittent, leading to fluctuations in energy generation. To offset the uncontrollable nature of these weather-based technologies, there is increasing demand for large-scale energy storage solutions to balance the requirements of energy grids. Addressing these challenges is crucial for achieving sustainable, reliable, and secure systems that can meet both current and future energy needs.Compared to traditional batteries, which store energy in the electrodes, flow batteries are electrochemical (redox) systems that store and release energy through chemical reactions within the electrolyte. This mechanism means that the capacity and power of flow batteries can be tailored separately, providing scalability and long lifespans. This flexibility makes them suitable for grid-scale energy storage and backup power systems.<h5>Instrumentation</h5>Elemental analysis of the samples was carried out using the Agilent 5800 VDV ICP-OES. The instrument was fitted with a SeaSpray glass concentric nebulizer, double-pass cyclonic spray chamber, and an Easy-fit fully demountable torch with 1.8 mm quartz injector.Agilent ICP Expert software was used to control the 5800 ICP-OES, optimize and run the method, and to process the data.<h5>Automatic background correction</h5>The Fitted Background Correction (FBC) routine within the ICP Expert software was used for all elements in this study. FBC uses a sophisticated mathematical algorithm to automatically model and subtract simple and complex background structures produced by non-analyte signals.<h5>Conclusion</h5>The Agilent 5800 VDV ICP-OES successfully determined 11 impurity elements in four all-vanadium flow battery electrolytes—an important quality control application within the battery production process. The main advantages of the analytical method include:<ul><li>Good calibration linearity (R&gt;0.9999) and low method detection limits (&lt;0.09 mg/L) for all target analytes.</li><li>Confirmation of the method’s accuracy demonstrated by 94 to 103% recoveries of 0.5 mg/L spikes added to one of the commercial vanadium sulfate electrolyte samples.</li><li>Recovery of all elements within 100 ±10% indicating that the 5800 can tolerate the high concentration of vanadium in the electrolyte samples, due to its robust vertical plasma and SSRF generator.</li><li>Excellent instrument stability, as shown by the precision of repeated measurements of a commercial electrolyte sample over four hours (RSDs &lt; 2.3%).</li></ul>The 5800 VDV ICP-OES method is suitable for the accurate quantification of some key impurity elements in electrolytes used in all-vanadium flow batteries, in accordance with China standard method GB/T 37204-2018.<h4>4. Shimadzu: Observation of Rubber Fatigue Testing Specimens Using Two Types of X-Ray CT Systems</h4><ul><li>Application</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_00740_en_9631abda15.pdf">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul><h5>User Benefits</h5><ul><li>The volume and shape of individual micro-defects in rubber can be observed in detail using a microfocus X-ray CT system.</li><li>The approximate position and size of microcracks can be determined efficiently using a phase-contrast X-ray CT system.</li><li>The progression status of defects and cracks in rubber can be compared at respective cycle counts of fatigue testing.</li></ul>Rubber products serve an important role in a wide range of fields, such as automotive tires, industrial products, and medical devices. However, functional losses can occur due to fatigue and aging after long periods of use. Therefore, evaluating the durability of rubber is an important issue.In order to evaluate the progression of defects during usage, rubber must be inspected before it fails. It can be inspected by cutting it apart, but non-destructive inspections are preferable due to the disadvantages of destructive inspections, such as the inability to restore specimens after inspections and the limitation of only being able to evaluate cut surfaces.Internal defects can be detected and three-dimensionally observed using an X-ray CT system. One X-ray imaging method typically used is absorption imaging, which generates images based on the quantity of X-rays absorbed. Another method is phase imaging, which is a new unconventional method that generates images based on variations in the phase of X-rays. This article describes using two types of instruments based on those different imaging methods to observe rubber during fatigue testing (Table 1).<h5>Conclusion</h5>Specimens for testing rubber fatigue were scanned using two types of X-ray imaging systems, a microfocus X-ray CT system and a phase-contrast X-ray CT system. By stretching samples, magnified images were acquired by the inspeXio SMX-225CT FPD HR Plus X-ray CT inspection system, and even small defects could be observed in detail and defect volume and count values compared at respective cycle count levels. The Xctal 5000 can determine the approximate orientation, size, and depth of microcracks without stretching samples or using magnified imaging. Both instruments can inspect items non-destructively, and the same specimen can be used to understand the progression of defects and cracks at any number of cycles. The characteristics of these instruments for scanning and analyzing data from specimens tested for rubber fatigue are indicated in Table 7.

News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 2, 2025

Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezGCMS Library in the week of 13th January 2025? Check out new documents from the field of the gas phase, especially GC and GC/MS techniques!<blockquote>👉 <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library">SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT GCMS AND RELATED TECHNIQUES</a></blockquote><blockquote>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques? Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezLCMS</a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library">LabRulezICPMS</a> libraries.</blockquote>This week we bring you applications and other documents by Agilent Technologies, Thermo Fisher Scientific, and Shimadzu!<h4>1. Thermo Fisher Scientific: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/po_7000_mrm_toxicology_asms_2024_wp810_en_agilent_b9f153ff37.pdf">HERAtech Laboratories satisfies growing water-analysis demand and reduces costs using workflow automation</a></h4><ul><li>Case study</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/paper/28639">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>“Automation is fundamental because thirteen analysts are not enough to cope with our increase in samples. The automated approach we use allows for method consolidation with the analysis of PAHs and pesticides in a single GC run. Additionally, the possibility to perform sample extraction automatically, followed by online GC-MS/MS analysis, offers a significant reduction of labor spent and a significant reduction in solvent consumption.”Dr. Paolo Morelli, Laboratory Manager, HERAtech S.r.l., Sasso Marconi (BO), Italy“It’s necessary to evaluate every possible marginal gain on every single process in the workflow to remove any bottlenecks. The bottleneck that Thermo Fisher Scientific has helped us solve is huge for sample preparation for pesticides and in particular for PAHs by eliminating manual SPE.”Dr. Paolo Morelli, Laboratory Manager, HERAtech S.r.l., Sasso Marconi (BO), Italy<blockquote><h5>Analytical system used at HERAtech for automated determination of pesticides and PAHs in water samples</h5><ul><li>TriPlus RSH SMART autosampler</li><li>Thermo Scientific™ TRACE ™ 1610 Series gas chromatograph with Thermo Scientific™ iConnect™ Programmable Temperature Vaporizing (PTV) injector module for large-volume injection</li><li>Thermo Scientific™ TSQ™ 9610 triple quadrupole mass spectrometer</li></ul></blockquote>“The key aspect of this automated solution is an analytical system capable of carrying out automatically, in a fully unattended way, all the extraction phases of the LLE protocol using microvolumes.”Dr. Paolo Morelli, Laboratory Manager, HERAtech S.r.l., Sasso Marconi (BO), Italy“We made significant investments focused on automation in terms of instruments that allow us to analyze more analytes in one run. In particular, we aimed to consolidate different methods into a single method and provide as many analytical measurements as possible with a single machine. Our goal was simultaneous analysis of 70 analytes including pesticides and PAHs, with quantification limits between 0.0005 μg/L (0.5 ng/L) and 0.02 μg/L.”Dr. Paolo Morelli, Laboratory Manager, HERAtech S.r.l., Sasso Marconi (BO), Italy“Only two solvents are necessary to perform automated DLLME, and the much lower volumes offer significant cost savings. The sample volume required is much lower, reducing logistic costs of transportation and storage.”Dr. Paolo Morelli, Laboratory Manager, HERAtech S.r.l., Sasso Marconi (BO), Italy<h4>2. Agilent Technologies/ASMS: A Triple Quadrupole GC/MS MRM Database for Forensic and Toxicological Workflows</h4><ul><li>Poster</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/paper/27204">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>Systematic toxicological analysis in forensic investigation demands continuous adaptability to an ever-evolving toxicant landscape.The three main challenges are:<ol><li>low concentrations of the toxicants</li><li>an ever-growing number of analytes to be monitored and quantitated</li><li>the limitations in obtaining analytical standards for every chemical.</li></ol>For the volatile compounds, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) is the method of choice when analyzing forensic drugs and toxicants [1, 2]. GC/MS forensic toxicological workflow greatly benefits from selectivity and sensitivity of multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) approach enabled with triple quadrupole GC/MS (GC/TQ).The aim of this work was to develop an MRM database to help toxicological researchers build screening and quantitation methods simplifying method development.The database of MRM transitions for relevant toxicants was established and successfully applied to creating GC/TQ methods for analyzing real-world authentic samples with greater sensitivity and confidence than the conventional GC/MS approach. The database will be available for download starting July 2024.<h4>3. Shimadzu: GC/GC-MS Glass Insert/Liner Selection Guide</h4><ul><li>Guide</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/paper/26962">Full PDF for download</a></li></ul>In a gas chromatograph, the sample is injected into the column via the injection unit. A glass insert / liner is used to vaporize the sample more efficiently, and to inject the vaporized sample into the column with no unnecessary dispersion. Additionally, using a glass insert reduces the extent to which contaminants such as high boiling point compounds from the sample contaminate the injection unit. Accordingly, selecting a glass insert appropriate for the objective heightens the accuracy of analysis and leads to more reliable results.When selecting a glass insert, various selection standards are used depending on the application. For example, the following cases can be cited as selection standards for glass inserts.&nbsp;<ul><li>What type of injection unit is used? What sample injection method is used during analysis?</li><li>Is the glass insert filled with wool (glass wool)? What shape is the glass insert?</li><li>What are the dimensions of the glass insert?</li><li>Is surface treatment of the glass insert necessary?</li></ul>Glass inserts with a variety of specifications are commercially available to suit these varied selection criteria, so selecting a glass insert can be daunting.This selection guide describes how to select an appropriate glass insert for the objective/application as well as points to consider in accordance with elements of the glass insert configuration. Additionally, this guide introduces glass inserts appropriate for your Shimadzu GC system.

News from LabRulezGCMS Library - Week 3, 2025

Synthesis and absolute configuration of cyclic synthetic cathinones derived from α-tetralone

This webinar series demonstrates the use of the Thermo Freestyle 1.8 SP2 QF1 software for processing LCMS product-ion mass spectra &nbsp;with the NIST 23 Mass Spectral Search Program (v.3.0). &nbsp;Spectra are easily exported from Freestyle to NIST Search for component identifications utilizing the NIST MSMS libraries and any other available user, crowd-sourced, and commercial MSMS libraries. &nbsp;Freestyle is a very convenient software package for processing data obtained with the their Orbitrap LCMS instruments. &nbsp;In one run both the MS1 and MS2 spectra are obtained in both positive and negative ion modes. &nbsp;The Diode arrary and UV channels can also be easily displayed for targeting the desired species noted in LC analyses.<h5>Handout for whole series</h5><ul><li>Part 1: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Part_1_Data_Processing_My_Favorite_e29bfc0816.pdf">My Favorite Processing Mode in Freestyle</a></li><li>Part 1A: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Part_1_A_Data_Processing_Preferred_plus_Nearby_Precursors_33bc95778b.pdf">Using "Nearby Precursor" Enhanced Processing Mode in FreeStyle</a></li><li>Part 2: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Part_2_Data_Processing_Alternate_99a4b51fa6.pdf">Alternate Processing Modes in Freestyle</a></li><li>Part 3: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/part_3_improved_handout_d14f81cc32.pdf">Setup of Basic Settings in Freestyle and NIST Search</a></li><li>Part 4: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Part_4_NIST_search_type_demonstration_adb3cdc1c5.pdf">Different NIST MSMS Searches Demonstrated</a></li><li>Part 5: <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Part_5_Elemental_Composition_demonstration_27e151914b.pdf">Elemental Processing within Thermo Freestyle</a></li></ul><h3>Part 1: Data Processing for NIST MSMS Search Using Thermo Freestyle Software (My Favorite Approach)</h3>This guide outlines my preferred method for processing data in Thermo Freestyle software for NIST MSMS searches. These steps streamline data parsing and ensure accurate mass spectral interpretation for LC-MS and MSMS analyses.<h4>Equipment &amp; Software</h4><ul data-spread="false"><li>Thermo Orbitrap MSMS</li><li>Thermo Freestyle Software</li><li>NIST 2023 Tandem Library</li></ul><h4>Orbitrap Data One Acquisition</h4><ul data-spread="false"><li>LC-MS and MSMS Analyses</li><li>Non-targeted acquisition of MSMS</li><li>Positive and Negative Mode</li><li>Photo Detector Array (PDA) and UV-VIS Analyses</li><li>Example compounds:<ul data-spread="false"><li>Uvinul 3000 (MW 214)</li><li>Tinuvin 234 (MW 447)</li></ul></li></ul><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/James_Little_NIST_2023_Tandem_Library_Great_Resource_for_Unknown_Identifications_f4fc13b103.jpg" alt="James Little: NIST 2023 Tandem Library Great Resource for Unknown Identifications" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_James_Little_NIST_2023_Tandem_Library_Great_Resource_for_Unknown_Identifications_f4fc13b103.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1384" height="854"><h4>My Favorite Data Processing Workflow</h4><ul><li>shared with me by colleague</li></ul><h5>Step 1: Setting Up Freestyle Windows</h5>To optimize the workspace for data processing:<ol data-spread="false"><li>Open three windows at the bottom of Freestyle:<ul data-spread="false"><li>Top window: Positive ion MS1</li><li>Second window: Negative ion MS2</li><li>Bottom window: UV or PDA trace</li></ul></li><li>Save this layout in Workspace Options/Layouts to ensure automatic parsing when opening new files.</li><li>Add the Nearby Precursors feature to simplify MSMS selection (except for averaged MS spectra).</li></ol><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/James_Little_Step_1_Setting_Up_Freestyle_Windows_0dac4585f9.jpg" alt="James Little: Step 1 - Setting Up Freestyle Windows" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_James_Little_Step_1_Setting_Up_Freestyle_Windows_0dac4585f9.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1839" height="403"><h5>Step 2: Adjusting the Window Layout</h5><ol data-spread="false"><li>Use Select Filter to:<ul data-spread="false"><li>Change the top window to positive ion</li><li>Change the second window to negative ion</li><li>Choose PDA or UV for the bottom window</li></ul></li><li>The spectrum window will display the selected MS/MS data for further processing.</li></ol><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/James_Little_Step_2_Adjusting_the_Window_Layout_d18baf8c37.jpg" alt="James Little: Step 2 - Adjusting the Window Layout" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_James_Little_Step_2_Adjusting_the_Window_Layout_d18baf8c37.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1829" height="1042"><h5>Step 3: Processing MSMS Data</h5><ol data-spread="false"><li>Left-click in the top box for the positive ion chromatogram.</li><li>Right-click to average the spectrum in the Spectrum box.</li><li>Subtract background if necessary before averaging.</li><li>Populate the Avg Range box and select Range 1.</li><li>Go to Positive Ion Chromatogram, specify the range, and confirm.</li><li>Avoid averaging MS2 spectra when exporting to NIST search, as it will convert accurate mass to nominal mass.</li></ol><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/James_Little_Step_3_Processing_MSMS_Data_5a5e2b87b5.jpg" alt="James Little: Step 3 - Processing MSMS Data" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_James_Little_Step_3_Processing_MSMS_Data_5a5e2b87b5.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1878" height="1059"><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/James_Little_Step_3_Processing_MSMS_Data_1_131f4645ca.jpg" alt="James Little: Step 3 - Processing MSMS Data" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_James_Little_Step_3_Processing_MSMS_Data_1_131f4645ca.jpg 234w," sizes="100vw" width="1513" height="1011"><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/James_Little_Step_3_Processing_MSMS_Data_2_6ff9040f00.jpg" alt="James Little: Step 3 - Processing MSMS Data" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_James_Little_Step_3_Processing_MSMS_Data_2_6ff9040f00.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1738" height="1046"><h5>Step 4: Selecting an MS2 Spectrum for NIST Search</h5><ol data-spread="false"><li>Identify an m/z value of interest (e.g., m/z 215.0702).</li><li>Apply Chromatogram range filter to isolate the target ion.</li><li>The MS2 spectrum will replace the MS1 chromatogram in the top window.</li><li>Click on the peak of interest to generate an MS2 spectrum.</li><li>Repeat the process for Negative Ion MS2 (MSMS) spectrum.</li><li>Send spectra to NIST MS search for compound identification.</li></ol><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/James_Little_Step_4_Selecting_an_MS_2_Spectrum_for_NIST_Search_271afd5538.jpg" alt="James Little: Step 4 - Selecting an MS2 Spectrum for NIST Search" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_James_Little_Step_4_Selecting_an_MS_2_Spectrum_for_NIST_Search_271afd5538.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1849" height="1125"><h3>Conclusion</h3>Using this workflow, Thermo Freestyle software efficiently processes LC-MS/MS data for NIST searches, ensuring accurate identification of unknown compounds. By saving custom layouts and avoiding averaged MS2 spectra, this method maximizes precision and efficiency.

 Data Processing for NIST MSMS Search Using Thermo Freestyle Software (My Favorite Approach)

Brno is at the global forefront of electron microscopy. It draws primarily from the legacy of the scientist, physicist, and university lecturer Armin Delong, whose influence remains strong at Brno University of Technology (BUT), where the globally recognized physicist studied and received an honorary doctorate in 2014. The university considers electron microscopy as its strategic area and engages in research, teaching, and popularization activities in this field.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/VUT_v_Brne_Armin_Delong_pri_prebirani_cestneho_doktoratu_na_VUT_2014_2e43f52f12.jpg" alt="BUT Brno archive: Armin Delong receiving an honorary doctorate at BUT, 2014" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_VUT_v_Brne_Armin_Delong_pri_prebirani_cestneho_doktoratu_na_VUT_2014_2e43f52f12.jpg 235w," sizes="100vw" width="1600" height="1067"><h3>A pioneer of technology and science associated with BUT</h3>Armin Delong was born on 29 January 1925 in Bartovice, Ostrava, and passed away on 5 October 2017 in Brno. He was drawn to technology from an early age, building radios and transmitters and conducting physics experiments. His life was closely intertwined with the history of BUT. Immediately after the war, he began studying at the then Czechoslovak Technical University of Eduard Beneš, where he worked as a research assistant and assistant to Professor Aleš Bláha at the Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication (FEEC&nbsp;BUT). He also served as the long-time director of the Institute of Instrumentation Technology at the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences and between 1967 and 1971 led the Department of Solid-State Physics at the Faculty of Science, Masaryk University.As part of the 115th-anniversary celebrations of the Brno University of Technology, he was awarded an honorary doctorate on 16 November 2014 based on a proposal by FEEC BUT.<h3>Founder of electron microscopy in Czechoslovakia</h3>In 1951, together with classmates Vladimír Drahoš and Ladislav Zobač, Armin Delong built the first Czechoslovak tabletop electron microscope BS 242, which won a gold medal at the World Exhibition EXPO in Brussels in 1958. Subsequently, they joined the newly-established Institute of Instrumentation Technology of the&nbsp;Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences&nbsp;in Brno. TESLA made electron microscope manufacturing one of its key activities, becoming a global leader in the field for two decades thanks to Delong's ideas.Delong’s legacy lives on in Brno’s top firms and institutions specializing in electron microscopy – such as Delong Instruments, where the professor continued to work even in advanced age. “If you train good students, you might hope they’ll keep you close to the field even after retirement. I managed to achieve this,” Delong recalled in 2015.&nbsp;Other companies that carry his work forward include&nbsp;<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.tescan.cz/">TESCAN</a>, <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.nenovision.com/">NenoVision</a>, and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://thermofisher.jobs.cz/">Thermo Fisher Scientific</a>, which is among BUT's key partners. Its technological center in Brno produces cutting-edge electron microscopes and spectrometers used worldwide.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/VUT_v_Brne_archiv_Ladislava_Zobace_Ladislav_Zobac_Armin_Delong_Miroslav_Anderle_a_Vladimir_Drahos_TESLA_BS_242_af46684cd7.jpg" alt="VUT v Brně/Ladislav Zobač's archive: Ladislav Zobač, Armin Delong, Miroslav Anderle, and Vladimír Drahoš; TESLA BS 242." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_VUT_v_Brne_archiv_Ladislava_Zobace_Ladislav_Zobac_Armin_Delong_Miroslav_Anderle_a_Vladimir_Drahos_TESLA_BS_242_af46684cd7.jpg 235w," sizes="100vw" width="1600" height="1066"><h3>Electron microscopy at BUT</h3>Czechoslovak electron microscopy would not have been possible without the support of universities, and Armin Delong’s legacy naturally continues at Brno University of Technology. “Technological and scientific progress happens at universities and technical schools. If it doesn’t, that’s a problem,” Delong emphasized in a 2013 interview.BUT considers electron microscopy as its strategic focus. The university is an integral part of the Brno innovation ecosystem #brnoregion and collaborates long-term with local institutions and companies in developing electron microscopes, new methods, and their applications. “Microscopes serve various purposes – from studying structure, size, topography, and morphology to analyzing defects, fracture surfaces, and quality control of produced micro and nanostructures,” says Petr Lepcio from CEITEC BUT, where electron microscopes are used in nearly every research project. CEITEC Nano houses seven microscopes, which are <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.zvut.cz/en/topic/topic-f38144/in-the-footsteps-of-the-invisible-or-electron-microscopy-in-brno-d256161">among the most popular instruments</a> in its labs.Electron microscopy is also intensively studied by scientists at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering (FME BUT), where it is pursued by the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.fme.vutbr.cz/en/fakulta/struktura/pracoviste/ufi">Institute of Physical Engineering</a>, which is closely linked to CEITEC BUT. Through programs such as Physical Engineering and Nanotechnology or Precision Mechanics and Optics, the faculty educates top experts, many of whom find employment in the aforementioned companies after graduation. The laboratories of the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.fme.vutbr.cz/en/fakulta/struktura/pracoviste/umvi">Institute of Materials Science and Engineering</a> at FME BUT have also since 1974 owned historical transmission electron microscope BS 540, still used for teaching purposes. This microscope was developed with contributions from Tesla Brno, VUT, and CAS, as well as Armin Delong. It was the best microscope manufactured in the CSSR at the time. “Research using this instrument resulted in several patents and countless final theses, probably hundreds. It was also crucial for industrial practice, providing measurements for many factories,” describes Tomáš Podrábský from FME BUT.The field is also represented at Delong’s alma mater, FEEC BUT. The Department&nbsp;of Physics hosts the Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, conducting <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.ufyz.fekt.vut.cz/en">microscopic surface and material inspections</a>.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/VUT_v_Brne_Jan_Prokopius_Transmisni_elektronovy_mikroskop_Tesla_BS_540_na_FSI_VUT_bea5bf2aa3.jpg" alt="BUT Brno/Jan Prokopius: Transmission electron microscope Tesla BS 540 at FME BUT. " srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_VUT_v_Brne_Jan_Prokopius_Transmisni_elektronovy_mikroskop_Tesla_BS_540_na_FSI_VUT_bea5bf2aa3.jpg 235w," sizes="100vw" width="800" height="533"><h3>Popularization of electron microscopy</h3>BUT significantly contributes to organizing the Days of Electron Microscopy (DEM), aimed at popularizing the topic among families, schools, and professionals since 2017. <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.hvezdarna.cz/en/">Brno Observatory and Planetarium</a>&nbsp;has been the main organiser recently&nbsp;in partnership with companies, universities, and other institutions, offering access to usually restricted labs. Last year’s event focused on microscopic villains, with BUT representatives offering lectures, workshops, lab tours, and an exhibition of oversized viruses. This year’s DEM will occur&nbsp;on 24–30&nbsp;March 2025, with the theme “Villain or Hero”, symbolized by a giant inflatable bacteriophage. BUT is regularly represented at DEM by experts from FME BUT and CEITEC BUT. At CEITEC BUT, Stanislav Průša, also active at FME BUT, promotes (not only) electron microscopy, organizes VUT Junior, CEITEC Summer School, and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://nano.ceitec.cz/">CEITEC Nano</a> lab tours. “The number of students interested in science and technology has stagnated or even declined. Reversing this trend is a societal priority. Engaging high school students and teachers is essential, but research shows that introducing fields like electron microscopy to elementary students and their parents is equally important, as younger students are often more receptive,” says Průša.<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.tmbrno.cz/">Technical Museum in Brno</a> will celebrate the anniversary with a gathering of Armin Delong’s family, colleagues, students, and successors, with events throughout the year. Visitors can also explore the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://www.tmbrno.cz/expozice/optika/">Optics exhibit</a>, which showcases the history of microscopes, including the rare BS 242 tabletop electron microscope.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/VUT_v_Brne_CEITEC_VUT_Nejen_elektronovou_mikroskopii_popularizuje_na_CEITEC_VUT_Stanislav_Prusa_df1d891ba0.jpeg" alt="VUT v Brně/CEITEC BUT: (Not only) electron microscopy is popularized at CEITEC BUT by Stanislav Průša. " srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_VUT_v_Brne_CEITEC_VUT_Nejen_elektronovou_mikroskopii_popularizuje_na_CEITEC_VUT_Stanislav_Prusa_df1d891ba0.jpeg 235w," sizes="100vw" width="1600" height="1066">Armin Delong’s legacy remains alive at BUT and in Brno, now a global hub for the development and production of electron microscopes used at institutions like NASA and Harvard University. Delong’s words from 2013, “Every professor must identify talented individuals, ensure they don’t leave unnoticed, and work with them to pass on knowledge and ideas to foster growth,” continue to inspire professors and students, enhancing the prestige of Brno’s companies and advancing the entire field.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/VUT_v_Brne_CEITEC_VUT_Frozen_pod_sklickem_elektronoveho_mikroskopu_80bf5f6585.jpg" alt="BUT Brno/CEITEC BUT: &quot;Frozen&quot; under the electron microscope slide." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_VUT_v_Brne_CEITEC_VUT_Frozen_pod_sklickem_elektronoveho_mikroskopu_80bf5f6585.jpg 235w," sizes="100vw" width="1600" height="1065"><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/VUT_v_Brne_Archiv_VUT_Armin_Delong_pri_prebirani_cestneho_doktoratu_na_VUT_2014_83a1c6e3ec.jpg" alt="BUT Brno/Archive BUT: Armin Delong receiving an honorary doctorate at BUT, 2014. " srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_VUT_v_Brne_Archiv_VUT_Armin_Delong_pri_prebirani_cestneho_doktoratu_na_VUT_2014_83a1c6e3ec.jpg 235w," sizes="100vw" width="1600" height="1066"><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/VUT_v_Brne_CEITEC_VUT_Dny_elektronove_mikroskopie_na_CEITEC_VUT_2_52ced0704a.jpeg" alt="BUT Brno/CEITEC BUT: Electron Microscopy Days at CEITEC BUT." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_VUT_v_Brne_CEITEC_VUT_Dny_elektronove_mikroskopie_na_CEITEC_VUT_2_52ced0704a.jpeg 235w," sizes="100vw" width="1600" height="1067">

100 years since the birth of the father of Czechoslovak electron microscopy

For analytical scientists working with chromatography and mass spectrometry, protecting sensitive information is crucial. Advances in instrument and software technology, combined with increased demands for in-depth analytics, has significantly increased the volume of valuable data that must be safeguarded from unauthorized access and potential breaches. One effective strategy to enhance security is to centralize data management, storing data away from the initial point of acquisition. Let us explore how this approach can significantly strengthen security for chromatography and mass spectrometry users and facilitate adherence to regulatory compliance measures surrounding electronic records.&nbsp;<h4>Understanding the analytical science landscape&nbsp;</h4>Chromatography and mass spectrometry are critical techniques in many fields including pharmaceuticals, environmental analysis and biochemistry. The data generated from these methods includes intricate details about potentially proprietary chemical compositions and biological information. Protecting this data is crucial to maintaining the integrity of scientific research and the competitive edge of organizations.<img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/Thermo_Fisher_Scientific_Enhanced_Security_Through_Centralized_Data_Management_A_guide_for_Chromatography_and_Mass_Spectrometry_Users_95f6d464f1.webp" alt="Thermo Fisher Scientific: Enhanced Security Through Centralized Data Management - A guide for Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry Users" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_Thermo_Fisher_Scientific_Enhanced_Security_Through_Centralized_Data_Management_A_guide_for_Chromatography_and_Mass_Spectrometry_Users_95f6d464f1.webp 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1200" height="600"><h4>The data security challenge&nbsp;</h4>Data acquisition, processing, storage and reporting has traditionally been conducted on isolated, static hardware-bound workstations. This approach presents significant security risks:<ul><li>Single point of failure: An isolated system with poor backup strategies can be vulnerable to catastrophic data loss via accidental damage or environmental changes. Any compromise can lead to data corruption, loss or unauthorized alterations.&nbsp;</li><li>Accessibility and convenience: Storing and processing data in a noisy lab environment can be inconvenient and impractical. Technical staff are often competing for access to instruments using the same workstation that others need for processing. This often leads to users manually transferring data outside of a controlled system for processing elsewhere. &nbsp;</li></ul><h4>The case for centralized data management&nbsp;</h4>Centralizing data management involves storing data in a central server location, away from the initial point of data acquisition. Here is how this approach can enhance security and usability for chromatography and mass spectrometry users:<ul><li>Reduced risk: A centralized system that has redundancies and backups in place can alleviate the risks associated with a single point of failure. Attackers trying to gain access will also have to deal with robust security measures not typically seen with isolated workstations&nbsp;</li><li>Enhanced data integrity: With separate systems for acquisition and storage, the integrity of the data is better preserved. Any unauthorized changes on the acquisition workstation will not directly affect the stored data.&nbsp;</li><li>Remote access and flexibility: Centralized data storage allows users to securely and conveniently access data from anywhere without manual transfer or copying the data.&nbsp;</li></ul><h4>Data retention, integrity and auditing&nbsp;</h4>Compliance with regulatory bodies such as the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) and &nbsp;EMA (European Medicines Agency) involves meeting stringent requirements for data integrity, security and retention. Centralized data management can help meet these requirements.<ul><li>Data integrity and audit trails: Separating acquisition from storage lets organizations ensure long-term raw data integrity and traceability by controlling access and providing audit trails.&nbsp;</li><li>Secure data retention: Regulations often mandate that data submissions be stored securely for extended periods. Dedicated data storage solutions can be designed to meet these requirements of large data volumes in a cost-effective way, while also protecting data from unauthorized access, accidental damage and environmental threats. &nbsp;</li></ul><h4>Practical implementation considerations for data security&nbsp;</h4>Chromatography and mass spectrometry users looking to deploy a centralized data management system should consider some data security essentials:<ul><li>Secure data transfer protocols: Use of encrypted channels for transferring data from the acquisition point to the central storage system.&nbsp;</li><li>Robust authentication mechanisms: Multi-factor authentication (MFA) to control access to both acquisition and storage systems. Single sign-on (SSO) systems also offer convenience.&nbsp;</li><li>Accessible audit trails and monitoring: Conducting regular security audits and continuous monitoring to detect and respond to potential threats promptly.&nbsp;</li><li>Leverage cloud solutions: Consider using cloud-based solutions that offer built-in security features for both data acquisition and storage. Many cloud providers offer specialized services that can help segregate these functions securely.&nbsp;</li><li>Compliance-focused data management: Ensure that the data management strategy aligns with regulatory requirements for data integrity, security and retention. This includes maintaining detailed records of data acquisition, storage, and processing activities.&nbsp;</li></ul><h4>Conclusion&nbsp;</h4>Centralizing data management by storing data away from the initial point of acquisition is a powerful strategy to enhance data security and facilitate regulatory compliance. Centralized data can be securely managed and shared remotely, allowing users to access data independently from the lab-bound workstations used for acquisition. Adopting secure data transfer protocols and robust authentication mechanisms can be made easier with modern cloud solutions. Scientists should feel empowered by these tools to protect their valuable data and maintain the integrity of their research. &nbsp;

Enhanced Security Through Centralized Data Management: A guide for Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry Users

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