<p><strong>Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezICPMS Library in the week of 20th October 2025? Check out new documents from the field of spectroscopy/spectrometry and related techniques!</strong></p><blockquote><p><span style="font-size:20px;">👉 </span><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library"><span style="font-size:20px;"><strong>SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT SPECTROSCOPY/SPECTROMETRY RELATED TECHNIQUES</strong></span></a></p></blockquote><blockquote><p><strong>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques?</strong> Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library"><strong>LabRulezLCMS</strong></a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library"><strong>LabRulezGCMS</strong></a> libraries.</p></blockquote><p>This week we bring you application notes <strong>Agilent Technologies</strong> and <strong>Shimadzu</strong> and poster by <strong>Thermo Fisher Scientific!</strong></p><h3><strong>1. Agilent Technologies: Optimizing Microplastic Characterization by LDIR: Automated versus Manual Workflows</strong></h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/te_microplastic_analysis_manual_8700_ldir_5994_8677en_agilent_e6976c74fd.pdf"><strong>Full PDF for download</strong></a></li></ul><p>The Agilent <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=8700+LDIR"><strong>8700 LDIR</strong></a> chemical imaging system with Agilent Clarity control software provides automated and manual workflows for the characterization of microplastics isolated from a wide range of matrices.&nbsp;</p><p>The Particle Analysis workflow is specially designed for routine testing, enabling fast, fully automated characterization of particles within a default size range of 20 to 500&nbsp;µm. This range can be adjusted based on user methodology and analytical requirements. Once a region of interest has been defined on the substrate and a spectral library has been selected in the software, the 8700 LDIR automatically detects particles, acquires infrared (IR) spectra, matches the spectra against the library, and updates results in real time.&nbsp;</p><p>The manual analysis workflow allows users to adjust parameters, acquire spectra, and collect high-magnification images of particles as small as a few micrometers, providing greater flexibility for method development and research applications.&nbsp;</p><p>This technical overview evaluates the performance of both types of workflow using NIST-traceable polystyrene (PS) latex beads of 2, 5, and 10&nbsp;µm diameter. Measurements were performed on both low-E slides and aluminum-coated (AI-coated) filters (0.8&nbsp;µm pore size) to assess the influence of the substrate background on the minimum measurable particle size.</p><h4><strong>Results and discussion&nbsp;</strong></h4><h5><strong>Manual workflow&nbsp;</strong></h5><ul><li><strong>2&nbsp;µm PS beads: </strong>High-magnification visible images were obtained for the 2&nbsp;µm PS beads on the low-E slide by focusing on individual particles and using the ruler feature in the Clarity software to measure the length (Table 2). IR images were generated at 1,442&nbsp;cm–1 with a pixel size resolution of 1&nbsp;µm, resolving the 2&nbsp;µm beads. Using the line profile feature and a reduced acquisition (sweep) speed, 20 spectra were acquired. The averaged spectrum (automatically obtained after data collection) was compared to reference spectra in the Microplastics Starter 2.1 library. The particle was correctly identified as polystyrene with a hit quality index (HQI) of 0.940. The 2&nbsp;µm particles were successfully detected and identified on low-E slides only. Background interference from the 0.8&nbsp;µm pores of the Al-coated filters prevented data collection from the 2&nbsp;µm particles.&nbsp;</li><li><strong>5&nbsp;µm PS beads:</strong> High-magnification visible and IR images were successfully obtained for the 5&nbsp;µm PS beads on both types of substrate. The spectra were collected in line profile mode using a faster data acquisition rate than for the smaller particles. The beads were accurately identified as PS with HQIs of 0.924 and 0.947 for the low-E slide and Al-filter, respectively (Table 2).&nbsp;</li><li><strong>10&nbsp;µm PS beads: </strong>The 10&nbsp;µm PS beads were easily imaged and identified on both substrates with improved HQIs of 0.972 for the low-E slide and 0.968 for the Al-coated filter (Table 2).</li></ul><h4><strong>Conclusion&nbsp;</strong></h4><p>The <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=10&amp;search=8700+LDIR"><strong>Agilent 8700 LDIR</strong></a> chemical imaging system is capable of analyzing microplastics as small as 2&nbsp;µm on a low-E slide using a manual workflow and 5&nbsp;µm and above using the automated Particle Analysis method. However, the automated workflow provided the most reliable identification and highest-confidence library matching results for particles ≥&nbsp;10&nbsp;µm. Together, the two workflows offer complementary capabilities—automation for the rapid, routine analysis of larger particles and manual control for smaller particle characterization and research applications.</p><h3><strong>2. Shimadzu: Quantitative Analysis of Leaching of Heavy Metals in Soil Using ICP-MS</strong></h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_00892_en_5aeef239fe.pdf"><strong>Full PDF for download</strong></a></li></ul><p>When soil is polluted by human activities such as industrial operations and waste disposal, harmful substances can be absorbed into the human body. This may have an adverse effect on health. In Japan, the Soil Contamination Countermeasures Act stipulates soil survey methods and appropriate management methodsto prevent adverse health effects.&nbsp;</p><p>The health risks due to soil contamination can be divided into two categories: those caused by leaching of harmful substances contained in soil into groundwater and ingestion of groundwater containing such harmful substances (ingestion from groundwater), and those caused by direct ingestion of harmful substances contained in soil through the mouth or skin (direct ingestion). Under the Soil Contamination Countermeasures Act, soil leaching standards are set to address the risk of ingestion from groundwater, and soil content standards are set to address the risk of direct ingestion. These standards are expected to become stricter in the future in line with other environmental regulations. Thus, it is important to select a highly sensitive analytical method in advance.&nbsp;</p><p>In this application, the results of analyzing the concentrations of heavy metals leached from five types of soil samples using ICPMS, which is currently recognized as the most sensitive method for elemental analysis in soil, will be introduced.</p><h4><strong>Instrument Configurations and Analysis Conditions</strong></h4><ul><li><strong>Instrument:</strong> <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=ICPMS-2050"><strong>ICPMS-2050&nbsp;</strong></a></li><li><strong>Nebulizer: </strong>Nebulizer DC04</li></ul><h4><strong>Conclusion&nbsp;</strong></h4><p>Leaching analysis of heavy metals in soil was conducted using the ICPMS-2050. The measurement sensitivity of the system was sufficient to meet the soil leaching standard, and the spike recovery test showed that the influence of the matrix on this measurement was small. By adopting a unique mini-torch system, ICPMS-2050 can perform high-sensitivity and low-interference measurements at about 2/3 (about 11 L/min) of the argon gas flow rate of conventional ICP-MS. In addition, good results in a long-term stability test, where 50 samples were measured continuously, demonstrated its performance (high sensitivity, low interference) and cost savings, especially in the routine analysis of multiple samples.</p><h3><strong>3. Thermo Fisher Scientific: Hyphenation of a high-speed laser ablation system to Quadrupole Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) for imaging applications</strong></h3><ul><li>Poster</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/po_001853_tea_laser_ablation_icp_ms_ewcps_po001853_em_en_2f84e2e8ea.pdf"><strong>Full PDF for download</strong></a></li></ul><p>Laser Ablation (LA) coupled with ICP-MS is a well-established way to directly analyze solid samples. The main advantages of laser ablation include the ability to avoid lengthy and potentially contamination prone sample preparation protocols and the ability to obtain information about the spatial resolution of an analyte in a sample.&nbsp;</p><p>The interest in so-called mapping techniques has increased in recent years, calling for laser ablation systems to develop methods to improve sample transfer and therefore speed of mapping experiments. New laser-ablation systems dedicated to high-speed mapping are commercially available and can be easily coupled to quadrupole ICP-MS for such applications.</p><p>With the improvement in sample transfer and washout times from laser ablation systems, the time available to analyze discrete packets of sample from a laser pulse is drastically reduced. The limit for lateral resolution using a sequential ICP-MS, such as a quadrupole ICP-MS, is dependent on the dwell times chosen for each measured m/z channel. This has a direct impact on the signal-to-background ratio achievable for each m/z channel; therefore, a direct impact on the final image contrast for each mapped m/z channel.</p><h4><strong>Methods</strong></h4><p>An Elemental Scientific Lasers imageGEO193 Laser Ablation system fitted with a TwoVol3 Ablation chamber was directly coupled with a <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/1206"><strong>Thermo Scientific™ iCAP™ TQ ICP-MS</strong></a> using a compatible Dual Concentric Injector. Data was acquired using <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/1489"><strong>Thermo Scientific™ Qtegra™ Intelligent Scientific Data Solution™ (ISDS) Software</strong></a> and processed using Iolite™ Laser Ablation Data Reduction Software.</p><h4><strong>Results and Discussions&nbsp;</strong></h4><h5><strong>Washout Measurement and Optimization&nbsp;</strong></h5><p>For low-dispersion laser ablation set-ups, it is vitally important to assess the washout performance and peak shape of the laser pulses to determine the maximum scanning rate that can be used for a particular number of m/z channels without introducing blurring effects. To do this, a low repetition rate line was ablated on the sample surface and a matrix element was measured at 1 ms dwell time (44Ca as 44Ca.16O in this case).</p><p>Aliasing occurs, in essence, if the repetition rate and the cycle time of the laser ablation system and the ICP-MS system are not properly synchronized. This phenomenon causes periodicity in signal intensities that appear as bands in the final image. To combat this, the laser repetition rate and the sampling cycle frequency need to be matched so that an integer number of laser pulses fall within one quadrupole sweep.<sup>1</sup>&nbsp;</p><p>Pixelation blur is mainly a factor of the resolution at which the image is gathered, i.e., the laser spot size and the resulting pixel size. 2 To achieve high resolution (low blur), a small spot size must be used; however, this will directly decrease the signal-tobackground ratio (i.e., contrast) and increase the total experiment time. The amount of acceptable blurring must therefore be balanced with the desired contrast and experiment time.</p><p>Smearing, or motion blur, occurs when the transfer of material (washout) cannot keep up with the tracking of the laser across the sample surface (i.e., the scanning rate of the translation stages) and subsequent laser pulses are partially mixed. This is mitigated by adjusting the laser scanning time and repetition rates so that each laser pulse is fully resolved from each other when reaching the detector of the ICP-MS.&nbsp;</p><p>Contrast, as discussed briefly above, is a function of signal-tobackground ratio and can be adjusted by the amount of material ablated per shot (spot size and/or fluence) or the dwell time of each scanned m/z channel during the quadrupole sweep. Given a set of lasing conditions, optimizing the distribution of dwell times between all m/z channels scanned will achieve the best possible contrast for all analytes in one run.&nbsp;</p><p>Optimization of the Dwell Times was performed using the Precognition Add-On from Iolite Software available for ActiveView2 Laser Ablation Software. First, signal intensity data for all desired isotopes were acquired using a simple line scan across a section of the sample surface with high perceived variability. The data were loaded into the Precognition module, which then optimized the dwell times to improve the Signal-toNoise ratio (SNR) for each scanned isotope. There are two methods available:&nbsp;</p><ol><li>The Hutchinson Method: Dwell times are distributed such that the SNR is increased to above 3 for all isotopes.&nbsp;</li><li>The Van Malderen Method: adjusts dwell times to improve SNR of isotopes whilst being constrained to the washout of the cell.&nbsp;</li></ol><p>The Hutchinson method may result in cycle times much longer than the pulse width of the signal, so in this study the Van Malderen method was chosen. Resulting dwell times are summarized in Table 2.</p><h4><strong>Conclusions&nbsp;</strong></h4><p>Through careful optimization of laser ablation and ICP-MS parameters, it is possible to generate high quality multi-elemental images at a fast rate. The use of new low-dispersion laser ablation cells and aerosol transfer technology is not limited to simultaneous mass spectrometers and is also applicable to sequential scanning mass spectrometers such as Quadrupole ICP-MS.&nbsp;</p><p>The major limitation of coupling low-dispersion Laser Ablation systems to sequential mass spectrometers is the limited number of elements that can be scanned; however, this is offset by the sensitivity and the specificity of, especially, triple quadrupole ICPMS systems for the reduction of interferences on select analytes.&nbsp;</p><p>Most imaging experiments can be reduced to three or four analytes of interest, and in these cases LA-ICP-MS coupled to Triple Quadrupole ICP-MS using a low-dispersion, fast imaging setup can provide the analytical data quality required to answer challenging research questions.</p>

News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 43, 2025

<p><strong>Essential-oil nanoformulations represent promising green-nanotechnology tools for mosquito control. We investigated, for the first time, the effect of Polysorbate 80 (PS80) on the larvicidal efficiency of </strong><i><strong>Dizygostemon riparius</strong></i><strong> essential-oil nanoemulsions (EODr) against </strong><i><strong>Aedes albopictus</strong></i><strong>, a vector of arboviruses such as dengue. Using a simplex-centroid design, EODr nanoemulsions were optimized and their ecotoxicological impact assessed on </strong><i><strong>Artemia salina</strong></i><strong> microcrustaceans.</strong></p><p>The essential oil, obtained by hydrodistillation, contained fenchol, fenchyl acetate, caryophyllene, and caryophyllene oxide, as confirmed by GC–MS–FID and NMR analyses. Dynamic light scattering and TEM revealed spheroidal nanostructures with favorable stability (PDI, ZP). The optimized formulation displayed potent larvicidal activity and markedly lower toxicity than conventional chemical larvicides, underscoring its potential as a sustainable mosquito-control alternative.</p><blockquote><h4><strong>The original article</strong></h4><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c04690"><strong>Influence of Polysorbate 80 on the Larvicidal and Ecotoxicological Profile of Dizygostemon riparius Essential Oil Nanoemulsion: Insights into Green Nanotechnology</strong></a></h4><p>Clenilma M. Brandão, Djanira R. dos Santos, Lucas G. P. Silva, Mirla C. Ferreira, Joyce M. de F. Mesquita, Melissa P. Souza, Carlos A. Holanda, Renato S. Gonçalves, Emmanoel V. Costa, Georgiana E. de C. Marques, Rogério de M. Teles, Kiany S. B. Cavalcante*</p><p>J. Agric. Food Chem. 2025, 73, 31, 19327–19339</p><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c04690">https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c04690</a></p><h6>licensed under <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><strong>CC-BY 4.0</strong></a></h6></blockquote><p><strong>Selected sections from the article follow. Formats and hyperlinks were adapted from the original.</strong></p><p>Emerging and reemerging arboviruses represent a global public health challenge. Dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses are primarily transmitted by <i>Aedes aegypti</i> and <i>Aedes albopictus</i> mosquitoes. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(1,2)</a> This is a global concern, but especially in Brazil and Maranhão, where vaccination coverage is still expanding and the recurrent increase in epidemic cases raises concerns and requires urgent measures to prevent and combat the mosquito vectors. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(3)</a> The main control strategies are the use of larvicides and synthetic insecticides. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(4)</a> However, the repeated use of these synthetic compounds has contributed to the selection of resistant populations of <i>Aedes</i> mosquito species. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(5)</a></p><p>In this way, the search for natural larvicides has proven to be a promising alternative strategy, with essential oils (EOs) standing out, since the complex mixture of bioactives in EOs includes classes of metabolites that give plants protection and reduce resistance against attacks by pathogens and insects. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(6)</a></p><p>The bioactivity of EOs can be attributed to their complex mixture mainly composed of monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and their oxygenated derivatives. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(7,8)</a> The biological activity of EOs against <i>Aedes</i> mosquitoes is associated with multiple mechanisms, depending on the target action, from digestive toxicity to enzyme inhibition and toxicity to the nervous system in the larval stage. They are therefore promising, effective, and potentially environmentally safe alternatives to current synthetic larvicides. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(9−11)</a></p><p>However, the limited availability of raw materials, low yield, high volatility, and low miscibility of EOs in aqueous media make their application in natura unfeasible. In this context, the use of surfactants is necessary, with nonionic surfactants being the most viable for use with EOs, as they reduce changes in their properties and promote the formation of micellar and/or vesicular structures with greater efficiency on a micro and/or nanoemulsion scale. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(12,13)</a></p><p>In this context, the study focuses on the chemical composition of the EO of the plant species identified in the Cerrado biome region in the state of Maranhão, with two floral morphotypes, lilac and white, registered as <i>Dizygostemon riparius</i> Scatigna and Colletta (Plantaginaceae), <a href="javascript:void(0);">(14)</a> characterized the chemical profile of the EO of <i>D. riparius</i> (EO<i>Dr</i>) as terpenic and evaluated the larvicidal action against larvae of the <i>A. albopictus</i> mosquito, with this action being attributed to the EO matrix consisting of the major chemotypes, fenchyl acetate and fenchol. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(15)</a></p><p>In the above-mentioned study, polysorbate 80 (PS<sub>80</sub>), a nonionic surfactant, was used in the composition of the emulsified system. Although PS<sub>80</sub> is widely used in the preparation of emulsions, microemulsions and nanoemulsions, optimal concentration for formulations of mixtures with EOs is not well-defined in the literature. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(16−18)</a></p><p>In addition to the search for emulsified systems and promising strategies to enhance the action of the bioactives present in EO<i>Dr</i>, the use of design of experiments (DOE), such as simplex centroid design (SCD), are of paramount importance to understand the interaction between the constituents of emulsified systems, in addition to increasing target-biocidal action and decreasing biological resistance. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(19)</a></p><p>The SCD is a mathematical-statistical approach to mixture design aimed at developing and optimizing analytical responses. The adoption of this approach has proven to be methodologically effective for modeling the combined biological activities of different secondary metabolites. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(20,21)</a></p><p>Furthermore, this type of experimental design is of great practical interest, as it involves a minimum number of experiments, the development of improved and/or innovative formulations that provide targeted responses and highlight general aspects of the interactions between independent factors. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(22−24)</a></p><p>The article presents the formulation and characterization of EO<i>Dr</i> nanoemulsion systems and the investigation of the influence of PS<sub>80</sub> on the larvicidal and ecotoxicological activity of emulsified EO<i>Dr</i> mixtures, using the SCD methodology, as well as their EO<i>Dr</i>-PS<sub>80</sub> interactions.</p><h4><strong>Experimental Section</strong></h4><h5><strong>Chemical Composition: CG-FID and GC-MS</strong></h5><p>The GC-FID analysis was conducted using a <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=GC-17A"><strong>Shimadzu GC-17A</strong></a>. The GC-MS analysis was performed using a Thermo Scientific Trace Ultra GC coupled to an <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/products/484"><strong>ISQ MSQ</strong></a>. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(27,28)</a> Detailed methodology is provided in the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c04690/suppl_file/jf5c04690_si_001.pdf">Supporting Information</a>.</p><h5><strong>Chemical Composition: NMR 1H and 13C</strong></h5><p>The NMR spectra of the EO<i>Dr</i> sample and the chemical standards of the main compounds, including 1D (<sup>1</sup>H, <sup>13</sup>C, DEPT-135) and 2D (COSY, HSQC, HMBC), were recorded using a BRUKER AVANCE III HD spectrometer (Billerica, MA, USA), operating at 11.75 T (500.13 MHz for <sup>1</sup>H NMR and 125.76 MHz for <sup>13</sup>C NMR). Detailed methodology is provided in the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c04690/suppl_file/jf5c04690_si_001.pdf">Supporting Information</a>.</p><h5><strong>Nanoemulsions Formulation</strong></h5><p>The nanoemulsions were obtained by the low-energy oil–water emulsification method (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c04690#fig1">Figure 1</a>) without the use of specialized equipment. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(29)</a> The steps of preparation of the mixtures involved some of the 12 principles of green chemistry. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(30)</a></p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/J_Agric_Food_Chem_2025_73_31_19327_19339_Figure_1_General_scheme_for_the_preparation_of_EO_Dr_PS_80_nanoformulations_03a883a55f.jpg" alt="J. Agric. Food Chem. 2025, 73, 31, 19327–19339: Figure 1. General scheme for the preparation of EODr-PS80 nanoformulations." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_J_Agric_Food_Chem_2025_73_31_19327_19339_Figure_1_General_scheme_for_the_preparation_of_EO_Dr_PS_80_nanoformulations_03a883a55f.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1674" height="658"></p><h4><strong>Results and Discussion</strong></h4><h5><strong>Chemical Profile: GC-MS and CG-FID</strong></h5><p>The chemical profiling of the EO<i>Dr</i> matrix confirmed the plant species’ chemical composition and allowed us to associate the interactions between its constituents with the observed biological responses.</p><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c04690#tbl1">Table 1</a> shows the chemical composition via GC-MS and CG-FID of the EO<i>Dr</i> matrix, lilac floral morphotype, as well as the analysis of the chemical patterns (Sigma-Aldrich) of the four chemotypes in relative percentage (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c04690/suppl_file/jf5c04690_si_001.pdf">Figures S1–S13</a>).</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/J_Agric_Food_Chem_2025_73_31_19327_19339_Table_1_Chemical_Composition_of_EO_Dr_Lilac_Morphotype_and_Patterns_of_the_Major_Chemotypes_0068a4fae4.jpg" alt="J. Agric. Food Chem. 2025, 73, 31, 19327–19339: Table 1. Chemical Composition of EODr, Lilac Morphotype, and Patterns of the Major Chemotypes. P = chromatogram peaks (Figures S1, S6, S8, S10, and S12); RTmin = retention time; RICalc. = calculated retention indices (on TR-5MS capillary column 30 m × 0.25 mm × 0.25 μm) according to van Den Dool and Kratz, (27) based on a homologous series of normal alkanes; RILit. = literature retention indices, Adams; (28) % = relative percentage; MF = molecular formula; TC = terpene classes." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_J_Agric_Food_Chem_2025_73_31_19327_19339_Table_1_Chemical_Composition_of_EO_Dr_Lilac_Morphotype_and_Patterns_of_the_Major_Chemotypes_0068a4fae4.jpg 136w," sizes="100vw" width="944" height="1085"></p><p>The chemical matrix of EO<i>Dr</i> shows a terpene profile, displaying chemical compound classes of monoterpenes, oxygenated monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes and oxygenated sesquiterpenes, totaling 98.77% of the relative percentage of chemical constituents. The predominance of oxygenated monoterpenes fenchol and fenchyl acetate is significant, totaling 89.0% of the EO<i>Dr</i> matrix.</p><p>The chemical profile observed in the present study is in line with the results reported by Brandão and collaborators, <a href="javascript:void(0);">(15)</a> as well as Galvão and associates <a href="javascript:void(0);">(39)</a> who observed the terpene pattern of the EO of the same plant species, with emphasis on the chemotypes of the species, oxygenated monoterpenes, endo fenchol, 42.97%; endo fenchyl acetate, 46.03%; sesquiterpenes; (E)-caryophyllene, 4.81% and oxygenated sesquiterpenes, caryophyllene oxide, 1.94%.</p><p>The percentage variations observed in the chemical composition compared to previously published studies are due to circadian, seasonal and edaphoclimatic conditions, as the yield and chemical composition of EOs are associated with rainfall, relative humidity, solar radiation, atmospheric constitution and variations in temperature range, wind, soil and relief. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(40−44)</a></p><p>Several studies suggest that the terpenic pattern of various chemical matrices of EOs extracted from different botanical families is correlated with high larvicidal activity against <i>A. albopictus</i> and <i>A. aegypti</i> larvae. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(45,46)</a> In this respect, studies indicate that the bioactives in the essential oil and crude extracts of the lilac morphotype of the species from the Maranhão Cerrado, <i>D. riparius</i>, have effective larvicidal activity, respectively, against the species <i>A. albopictus</i> and <i>A. aegypti</i>. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(15,47)</a></p><h5><strong>Chemical Profile: 1H NMR and 13C NMR</strong></h5><p>The <sup>1</sup>H NMR data (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c04690#tbl2">Table 2</a>) provide crucial insights into the differentiation of the four major compounds in the EO<i>Dr</i> sample: fenchol, fenchyl acetate, caryophyllene, and caryophyllene oxide (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c04690#fig3">Figure 3</a>).</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/J_Agric_Food_Chem_2025_73_31_19327_19339_Figure_3_Structures_of_the_main_compounds_chemical_markers_of_the_species_D_riparius_4b26a414e5.jpg" alt="J. Agric. Food Chem. 2025, 73, 31, 19327–19339: Figure 3. Structures of the main compounds, chemical markers of the species D. riparius." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_J_Agric_Food_Chem_2025_73_31_19327_19339_Figure_3_Structures_of_the_main_compounds_chemical_markers_of_the_species_D_riparius_4b26a414e5.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1657" height="353"></p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/J_Agric_Food_Chem_2025_73_31_19327_19339_Table_2_NMR_Data_for_1_H_125_M_Hz_CD_Cl3_of_the_Sample_Presented_as_Chemical_Shifts_d_b2ea86d88d.jpg" alt="J. Agric. Food Chem. 2025, 73, 31, 19327–19339: Table 2. NMR Data for 1H (125 MHz; CDCl3) of the Sample Presented as Chemical Shifts (δ)" srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_J_Agric_Food_Chem_2025_73_31_19327_19339_Table_2_NMR_Data_for_1_H_125_M_Hz_CD_Cl3_of_the_Sample_Presented_as_Chemical_Shifts_d_b2ea86d88d.jpg 211w," sizes="100vw" width="1060" height="786"></p><p>Fenchol and fenchyl acetate exhibit characteristic singlets at δ 1.08 and 1.09 for C8, along with methyl signals at δ 0.98–1.03 (C9) and δ 0.86–0.77 (C10), which confirm their bicyclic structures. The presence of a doublet at δ 3.25 in fenchol and at δ 4.35 in fenchyl acetate further differentiates the hydroxyl and acetate functional groups at C2, respectively.</p><p>Caryophyllene is distinguished by its olefinic protons at δ 5.43–5.29 (H5), indicative of its bicyclo[3.3.0]octane system, whereas caryophyllene oxide exhibits shifts at δ 4.97 and 4.86 (H13), confirming the presence of an epoxide moiety. Additionally, the overlapping multiplets in the aliphatic region (δ 1.05–1.77) for all four compounds complicate signal attribution, especially due to spectral congestion from fenchol and fenchyl acetate.</p><p>However, the combined use of <sup>13</sup>C NMR, DEPT-135, and two-dimensional NMR techniques enabled the complete assignment of all proton resonances, ensuring accurate structural characterization (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c04690/suppl_file/jf5c04690_si_001.pdf">Figures S14–S19</a>).</p><p>The NMR data (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jafc.5c04690#tbl3">Table 3</a>) clearly distinguish the four major compounds in the EO<i>Dr</i> sample. Fenchol and fenchyl acetate exhibit similar chemical shifts, particularly at δ 49.1 and δ 48.1 (C1) and in the C3–C10 region. The key differentiating feature is the ester carbonyl signal at δ 171.6 in fenchyl acetate, absent in fenchol. Both compounds also display an oxygenated carbon at δ 85.1 and δ 86.1 (C2), indicative of a tertiary alcohol or ester functionality.</p>

Influence of Polysorbate 80 on the Larvicidal and Ecotoxicological Profile of Dizygostemon riparius Essential Oil Nanoemulsion: Insights into Green Nanotechnology

<p><strong>A new approach for optimizing paired pulsed electrosynthesis is demonstrated through real-time monitoring of electrode interfacial reactions using voltammetry–electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (VESI-MS). This technique provides molecular-level insight into redox events, enabling precise control and synchronization of oxidation and reduction pulses and supporting the discovery of new alternating current (AC) electrochemical transformations.</strong></p><p>Applying this concept, we achieved a <strong>selective decarboxylative hydroxylation</strong>, coupling oxygen reduction with the oxidative decarboxylation of a carboxylic acid. In a pilot study with <strong>2-phenylpropionic acid</strong>, the method produced <strong>1-phenylethanol</strong> with excellent selectivity using only molecular oxygen, KPF₆, water, and carbon electrodes. The results establish VESI-MS as a powerful tool for <strong>rational design of pulsed electrochemical reactions</strong>.</p><blockquote><h4><strong>The original article</strong></h4><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jacs.5c12895"><strong>Paired Pulsed Decarboxylative Hydroxylation Designed by Online Electrochemistry–Mass Spectrometry</strong></a></h4><p>Adarsh Koovakattil Surendran, and Jana Roithová*</p><p>J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2025, 147, 41, 36975–36979</p><p><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.5c12895">https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.5c12895</a></p><h6>licensed under <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><strong>CC-BY 4.0</strong></a></h6></blockquote><p><strong>Selected sections from the article follow. Formats and hyperlinks were adapted from the original.</strong></p><p>Electrosynthesis utilizes single or sequences of one-electron oxidation and reduction steps to enable clean chemical transformations that would typically require stoichiometric reagents, rare metal catalysts, or other activation methods. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(1−8)</a> However, this seemingly ideal approach is often complicated by undesired effects associated with the electrosynthesis process. For example, mass transport effects can lead to the accumulation of intermediates, triggering unwanted side reactions, and causing issues such as overoxidation, over-reduction, or electrode fouling due to uncontrolled interfacial conditions. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(9−12)</a> In many instances, effective chemical synthesis occurs at one electrode, while it is coupled with a sacrificial redox reaction at the other electrode (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jacs.5c12895#fig1">Figure 1</a>a). <a href="javascript:void(0);">(13,14)</a>&nbsp;</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/J_Am_Chem_Soc_2025_147_41_36975_36979_Figure_1_Examples_of_approaches_to_electrosynthesis_15e8836c7d.jpg" alt="J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2025, 147, 41, 36975–36979: Figure 1. Examples of approaches to electrosynthesis. (a) DC Kolbe synthesis. (14,36) (b) rAP Kolbe synthesis. (14) (c) Convergent Paired Electrosynthesis. (22) (d) Paired Pulsed Electrosynthesis (developed here)." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_J_Am_Chem_Soc_2025_147_41_36975_36979_Figure_1_Examples_of_approaches_to_electrosynthesis_15e8836c7d.jpg 245w," sizes="100vw" width="1831" height="1116"></p><p>Recent advancements in the field have demonstrated that utilizing alternating current or alternating voltage pulses (AVP) can help reduce mass transport effects, local pH variation, and minimize electrode fouling (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jacs.5c12895#fig1">Figure 1</a>b). <a href="javascript:void(0);">(14−18)</a> However, designing these pulses necessitates careful consideration of the chemistry at the electrode interface, which presents challenges that may hinder the development of AVP for electrosynthesis. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(19−21)</a></p><p>Another promising development is the convergent pairing of electrochemical reactions, where both electrodes generate reactive intermediates that eventually couple to form a product (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jacs.5c12895#fig1">Figure 1</a>c). <a href="javascript:void(0);">(22−25)</a> The generality of this approach is often hindered by the spatial separation of the initially formed reactive species, which frequently requires the formation of persistent radicals or other stabilized intermediates.</p><p>Electrochemistry – mass spectrometry couplings can provide molecular insight into electrochemical reactions. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(26−31)</a> We have recently developed a Voltammetry–Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (VESI-MS) approach to study chemical processes occurring near electrodes in real-time during the electrochemical reaction (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/jacs.5c12895/suppl_file/ja5c12895_si_001.pdf">Figures S1 and S2</a>). <a href="javascript:void(0);">(10,32)</a> In this paper, we demonstrate how this approach can be employed to tune voltage pulses and design pulsed paired electrosynthesis. We specifically illustrate its application in the decarboxylative hydroxylation reaction (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jacs.5c12895#fig1">Figure 1</a>d). By utilizing alternating voltage pulsing, we can selectively produce the alcohol while suppressing both radical dimerization and overoxidation. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(33−36)</a></p><p>The hypothesis of the reaction posits that electrochemical oxygen reduction (ORR) and carboxylic acid oxidation (CAO) are complementary redox reactions. ORR is favored in acidic conditions, whereas CAO requires a basic environment. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(14,36−38)</a> The superoxide or peroxide species generated during the ORR can function as in situ bases, deprotonating carboxylic acids to produce carboxylates. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(39,40)</a> These carboxylates are then oxidized during the subsequent anodic pulse, leading to decarboxylation and the formation of alkyl radicals. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(11,36,41)</a> In the next step, the cathodic pulse reduces oxygen to hydroxyl radical or other reactive oxygen species (ROS), which may react with the alkyl radicals to form the corresponding alcohol. <a href="javascript:void(0);">(42−44)</a>&nbsp;</p><p>As oxidation and reduction alternate at each electrode, the same redox sequence occurs at both electrodes in tandem, eliminating the need for a sacrificial counter-reaction and enabling efficient paired electrolysis.</p><p>We tested our hypothesis with the VESI-MS experiments. First, we evaluated whether carboxylate can be generated during oxygen reduction on a Toray carbon electrode. We selected 2-phenylpropionic acid (RCOOH in the following) as the model substrate due to the stability of its secondary benzylic radical and cation. A linear sweep VESI-MS voltammogram from −0.2 to −1.95 V vs Pt, of a 2 mM RCOOH in acetone under O<sub>2</sub> (0.12 bar) with KPF<sub>6</sub> (2 mM) electrolyte confirms that carboxylate can be generated in situ during ORR (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jacs.5c12895#fig2">Figure 2</a>a, see <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/jacs.5c12895/suppl_file/ja5c12895_si_001.pdf">Figure S4</a> for the related mass spectra). The current caused by the oxygen reduction at the electrode correlates with the depletion of the carboxylic acid signal ([RCOOH]K<sup>+</sup>) and a simultaneous rise of the signal of carboxylate anions ([RCOO<sup>–</sup>]2K<sup>+</sup>). We use KPF<sub>6</sub> rather than the commonly used tetrabutylammonium salts because it is cheaper and more compatible with ESI-MS measurements. In addition, potassium ions often bind to neutral molecules during the ionization, enabling their detection by ESI-MS, as observed here.</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/JAMCHE_4_b5e8d114c3.jpg" alt="J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2025, 147, 41, 36975–36979: Figure 2. (a) Proof of concept: oxygen reduction at the electrode leads to carboxylic acid deprotonation. (b) Tuning the reduction pulse length for the maximum carboxylate formation. (c) VESI-MS setup." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_JAMCHE_4_b5e8d114c3.jpg 210w," sizes="100vw" width="1000" height="744"></p><p>To effectively couple the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) with carboxylate oxidation, we need to estimate the time scales of each reaction: the duration of the reduction pulse for maximizing carboxylate formation and the optimal oxidation pulse length for complete decarboxylation. We focused first on optimizing the reduction pulse. We applied symmetric square wave pulses between −1.8 V (vs Pt) (where ORR and carboxylate formation occur) and 0 V (where no reaction takes place). Pulse durations were varied from 100 μs to 300 ms (100 μs, 1, 10, 50, 100, 200, and 300 ms), and the carboxylate formation was monitored in real-time with mass spectrometry. To establish a nonpulsed baseline, the electrode was held at −0.9 V (vs Pt) for 30 s, followed by pulsing for about 2 min to ensure adequate detection time. The transfer time between the electrode and ESI-MS detection was about 10 s. No carboxylate signal was observed for pulse durations below 10 ms, while a slight increase was seen at 10 ms, followed by a sharp rise at 100 ms, reaching a maximum at 200–300 ms (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jacs.5c12895#fig2">Figure 2</a>b and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/jacs.5c12895/suppl_file/ja5c12895_si_001.pdf">Figure S5</a>). The onset of the carboxylate signal is influenced by its concentration; lower concentrations require longer times for detectable accumulation. Hence, a 300 ms pulse maximizes the concentration of carboxylate, but we reach the diffusion limit since the same amount of carboxylate can be produced with 200 ms pulses over a longer period.</p><p>We chose to fix the 200 ms reduction pulse duration at −1.8 V and proceeded with optimizing the oxidation pulse. The oxidation voltage was set to 1.7 V (vs Pt) as determined from VESI-MS experiments with a constant −1.8 V (vs Pt) (200 ms) reduction pulse and systematically increasing the oxidation pulse potential from 1 to 1.7 V (vs Pt) (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/jacs.5c12895/suppl_file/ja5c12895_si_001.pdf">Figure S6</a>, the pulse duration was symmetrical, 200 ms). At 1.7 V (vs Pt), all the carboxylate ions generated from the reduction pulse are oxidized, leading to the disappearance of the [RCOO<sup>–</sup>]2K<sup>+</sup> ions from the mass spectra. Next, we varied the oxidation pulse duration, keeping the offset of 1.7 V (vs Pt), from 100 μs to 600 ms, while monitoring the depletion of the carboxylate signal (<a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/jacs.5c12895#fig3">Figure 3</a>a and <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/jacs.5c12895/suppl_file/ja5c12895_si_001.pdf">Figure S7</a>, the reduction pulses were kept constant at −1.8 V (vs Pt) for 200 ms). The experimental sequence again started by holding the average DC potential (−0.05 V) for 30 s, followed by recording the effects of pulsing for 2 min.</p><p><img src="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/J_Am_Chem_Soc_2025_147_41_36975_36979_Figure_3_Pairing_the_200_ms_reduction_pulses_with_the_oxidation_pulses_f1a5ab4bf6.jpg" alt="J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2025, 147, 41, 36975–36979: Figure 3. Pairing the 200 ms reduction pulses with the oxidation pulses." srcset="https://storage.googleapis.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/thumbnail_J_Am_Chem_Soc_2025_147_41_36975_36979_Figure_3_Pairing_the_200_ms_reduction_pulses_with_the_oxidation_pulses_f1a5ab4bf6.jpg 223w," sizes="100vw" width="1000" height="699"></p>

Paired Pulsed Decarboxylative Hydroxylation Designed by Online Electrochemistry–Mass Spectrometry

Fe3O4/ZIF-8-90 Nanocomposite as a Strategy for Oncological Treatment

<p><strong>In the week of October 27, the following webinars await you in the field of gas / solid phase and especially Raman, FTIR, GC and GC/MS.</strong></p><blockquote><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/webinars"><strong>👉 DETAILS AND REGISTRATION IN THE WEBINARS SECTION</strong></a></h4><p><strong>👉 Search and filter in the largest global database</strong> with over <strong>5 000 GC, LC, MS and spectroscopy webinars</strong>.</p></blockquote><h5><strong>1. Agilent Technologies: Session 4 – OpenLab CDS for MS Data</strong></h5><ul><li>Tu, 28.10.2025 18:00 CET</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/webinar/3220">Registration</a></li></ul><p>Learn expert tips for efficiently analyzing MS-specific data within OpenLab CDS. Enhance your workflow with optimized data review and processing strategies.</p><h5><strong>2. Wasson-ECE Instrumentation: Data Handling Software – OpenLab ChemStation vs CDS</strong></h5><ul><li>Tu, 28.10.2025 20:30 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/webinar/5524">Registration</a></li></ul><p>Compare Agilent OpenLab ChemStation and CDS software. Discover key differences in data handling, reporting, and workflow efficiency for modern labs.</p><h5><strong>3. Agilent Technologies: Forensic Identification Using Infrared Spectroscopy</strong></h5><ul><li>Tu, 28.10.2025 21:30 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/webinar/5522">Registration</a></li></ul><p>Learn how the Agilent Cary 630 FTIR with ATR enables fast, accurate identification of forensic samples for reliable evidence analysis.</p><h5><strong>4. AZoM: Rheo+Raman – Deeper Polymer Insights from Research to QC</strong></h5><ul><li>We, 29.10.2025 14:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/webinar/5599">Registration</a></li></ul><p>Join Prof. Thomas J. Wallin (MIT) and Anton Paar experts to see how Rheo+Raman reveals polymer flow, curing, and 3D printing behavior in real time.</p><h5><strong>5. AZoM: Power Up Your Process – Discover the Prima PRO 710 Mass Spectrometer</strong></h5><ul><li>Th, 30.10.2025 15:00 CET</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/webinar/5576">Registration</a></li></ul><p>Explore Thermo Fisher’s new Prima PRO and Sentinel PRO 710 MS systems for smarter, faster, and more reliable real-time gas analysis.</p>

Webinars LabRulezGCMS Week 44/2025

<p><strong>In the week of October 27, the following webinars await you in the field of liquid phase and especially HPLC and LC/MS.</strong></p><blockquote><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinars"><strong>👉 DETAILS AND REGISTRATION IN THE WEBINARS SECTION</strong></a></h4><p><strong>👉 Search and filter in the largest global database</strong> with over <strong>5 000 GC, LC, MS and spectroscopy webinars</strong>.</p></blockquote><h5><strong>1. Technology Networks: Robust LC-MS/MS Solutions for Food Safety Testing</strong></h5><ul><li>Tu, 28.10.2025 16:00 CET</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/5574">Registration</a></li></ul><p>Discover how advanced LC-MS workflows enhance food safety testing by improving detection of pesticides, PFAS, and drugs while ensuring compliance and reducing costs.</p><h5><strong>2. Technology Networks: Maximizing Biological Insights With Integrated Platforms</strong></h5><ul><li>Tu, 28.10.2025 16:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/5560">Registration</a></li></ul><p>Boost proteome coverage and throughput using ion mobility separation and integrated analytical platforms for deeper biological understanding.</p><h5><strong>3. Waters Corporation: New Bioanalysis Methods for Enhanced Recovery and Quantification</strong></h5><ul><li>Tu, 28.10.2025 17:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/5592">Registration</a></li></ul><p>Episode 1 of “Oligos, Oligos, Oligos!” — explore SILIS-enabled LC-MS/MS quantitation and ion-pairing-free HILIC for lipid-conjugated oligonucleotides.</p><h5><strong>4. Waters Corporation: Approaches for Improving Purification Outcomes for Polar Compounds</strong></h5><ul><li>Tu, 28.10.2025 17:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/5588">Registration</a></li></ul><p>Learn strategies to improve purification of polar compounds using polar-retentive stationary phases and advanced chromatographic techniques.</p><h5><strong>5. Waters Corporation: Smarter Bioprocessing Starts Here – Advanced PAT Solutions</strong></h5><ul><li>Tu, 28.10.2025 17:00 CET</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/5472">Registration</a></li></ul><p>Discover how BioAccord LC-MS, PATrol UPLC, and ultraDAWN MALS/DLS systems accelerate biopharma process development and manufacturing control.</p><h5><strong>6. Agilent Technologies: Session 4 – OpenLab CDS for MS Data</strong></h5><ul><li>Tu, 28.10.2025 18:00 CET</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/3220">Registration</a></li></ul><p>Get tips for efficient MS data analysis using OpenLab CDS to improve data handling, visualization, and interpretation.</p><h5><strong>7. Phenomenex: Method Development and Optimization of Native RPLC-HRMS Characterization of ADCs</strong></h5><ul><li>We, 29.10.2025 10:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/5470">Registration</a></li></ul><p>Develop and optimize native RPLC-HRMS workflows for ADC characterization using Biozen Native RP columns for DAR, isomer, and MS-friendly analyses.</p><h5><strong>8. Thermo Fisher Scientific: RNA Therapeutics Characterization With Automated LC-MS Workflow</strong></h5><ul><li>We, 29.10.2025 14:00 CET</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/5614">Registration</a></li></ul><p>Learn how automated LC-MS and Chromeleon CDS streamline RNA therapeutic characterization and improve analytical reproducibility.</p><h5><strong>9. Thermo Fisher Scientific: Micro-flow LC-MS/MS for Multiresidue Pesticide Analysis in Fruits and Vegetables</strong></h5><ul><li>Th, 30.10.2025 14:00 CET</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/webinar/5545">Registration</a></li></ul><p>Explore micro-flow LC-MS/MS workflows for pesticide analysis — enhancing sensitivity, reducing solvent use, and ensuring regulatory compliance.</p>

Webinars LabRulezLCMS Week 44/2025

<p><strong>In the week from October 27, the following webinars await you in the field of atomic and molecular spectroscopy and spectrometry</strong></p><blockquote><h4><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinars"><strong>👉 DETAILS AND REGISTRATION IN THE WEBINARS SECTION</strong></a></h4><p><strong>👉 Search and filter in the largest global database</strong> with over <strong>5 000 GC, LC, MS and spectroscopy webinars</strong>.</p></blockquote><h5><strong>1. Wiley: Discover 21st Century Laser-Free Confocal Microscopy</strong></h5><ul><li>Tu, 28.10.2025 16:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinar/5598">Registration</a></li></ul><p>Explore how structured illumination and detection deliver confocal-quality imaging without lasers. Learn cost-effective, high-resolution biological imaging techniques.</p><h5><strong>2. Agilent Technologies: Forensic Identification Using Infrared Spectroscopy</strong></h5><ul><li>Tu, 28.10.2025 21:30 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinar/5522">Registration</a></li></ul><p>Discover how the Agilent Cary 630 FTIR with ATR provides rapid and accurate forensic sample identification, ensuring reliable analytical results.</p><h5><strong>3. AZoM: Rheo+Raman – Deeper Polymer Insights from Research to QC</strong></h5><ul><li>We, 29.10.2025 14:00 CEST</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinar/5599">Registration</a></li></ul><p>Join MIT’s Prof. Thomas J. Wallin and Anton Paar experts to explore how Rheo+Raman reveals real-time polymer curing, flow, and 3D printing behaviors.</p><h5><strong>4. Mettler-Toledo: Uncover the Secrets of Temperature-Modulated DSC</strong></h5><ul><li>Th, 30.10.2025 08:00 CET</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinar/4750">Registration</a></li></ul><p>Learn the theory behind TMDSC and discover TOPEM applications for advanced material characterization and thermal analysis.</p><h5><strong>5. Bruker: QUANTAX WDS – Advancing Microanalysis Beyond the Limits of SEM EDS</strong></h5><ul><li>Th, 30.10.2025 17:00 CET</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinar/5600">Registration</a></li></ul><p>See how QUANTAX WDS improves SEM microanalysis with better spectral resolution, higher sensitivity, and superior light-element detection.</p><h5><strong>6. Anton Paar: e-SPRESSO Webinar – Big Density Results from Small Samples</strong></h5><ul><li>Th, 30.10.2025 20:00 CET</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinar/5575">Registration</a></li></ul><p>Learn how to perform accurate solid density measurements with minimal sample quantities, ensuring precision and reliability in material analysis.</p><h5><strong>7. Agilent Technologies: Internal Standard Selection</strong></h5><ul><li>Th, 30.10.2025 20:00 CET</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/webinar/5450">Registration</a></li></ul><p>Master how to choose and apply the right internal standard for analytical workflows to improve quantitation accuracy and reproducibility.</p>

Webinars LabRulezICPMS Week 44/2025

News from LabRulezGCMS Library - Week 44, 2025

News from LabRulezLCMS Library - Week 44, 2025

<p><strong>Our Library never stops expanding. What are the most recent contributions to LabRulezICPMS Library in the week of 27th October 2025? Check out new documents from the field of spectroscopy/spectrometry and related techniques!</strong></p><blockquote><p><span style="font-size:20px;">👉 </span><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library"><span style="font-size:20px;"><strong>SEARCH THE LARGEST REPOSITORY OF DOCUMENTS ABOUT SPECTROSCOPY/SPECTROMETRY RELATED TECHNIQUES</strong></span></a></p></blockquote><blockquote><p><strong>👉 Need info about different analytical techniques?</strong> Peek into <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://lcms.labrulez.com/library"><strong>LabRulezLCMS</strong></a> or <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://gcms.labrulez.com/library"><strong>LabRulezGCMS</strong></a> libraries.</p></blockquote><p>This week we bring you application notes by <strong>LECO</strong>, <strong>Shimadzu</strong> and <strong>Thermo Fisher Scientific!</strong></p><h3><strong>1. LECO: Determination of Total Organic Carbon in Soil, Rock, and Shale by Acid Digestion and Combustion</strong></h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/C832_TOTAL_ORGANIC_CARBON_SOIL_ROCK_SHALE_203_821_679_b48939f659.pdf"><strong>Full PDF for download</strong></a></li></ul><p>Total organic carbon (TOC) determination in soil, rock, and shale is a common analytical tool used for determining locations of natural hydrocarbon fossil fuel deposits. The organic carbon richness of rock samples (TOC%) is one of the most important parameters used in the evaluation of sediments as a potential source for petroleum or natural gas. TOC content controls the hydrocarbon generation ability of rock and the content of adsorbed natural gas within the rock, as it is the source material responsible for the formation of natural hydrocarbon fossil fuel deposits.&nbsp;</p><p>TOC determination can also be used for the assessment of soil quality in agriculture and as a quality control parameter for raw building materials. TOC content is one of the most important constituents of soil due to its capacity to affect plant growth as both a source of energy and a trigger for nutrient availability through mineralization. The determination of TOC is also an important quality control parameter used during the manufacturing of cement, from the raw material until the final product.</p><h4><strong>Instrument Model and Configuration&nbsp;</strong></h4><p>The LECO C832 is a macro combustion carbon determinator that utilizes a pure oxygen environment in a high-temperature horizontal ceramic combustion furnace designed to handle macro sample masses. A weighed sample is combusted, and the combustion gases are swept from the furnace and through anhydrone tubes for the removal of moisture. The combustion gases are then carried to a non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) cell for the detection of carbon (as CO<sub>2</sub>).</p><h4><strong>Typical Results&nbsp;</strong></h4><p>Data was generated utilizing a linear, full regression calibration using fractional masses (~0.1 g to ~0.25 g) of LECO 502-950 LCRM Synthetic Carbon (0.14% C), LECO 502-696 LCRM Synthetic Carbon (1.01% C), LECO 502-905 LCRM Synthetic Carbon (5.00% C) and fractional masses (~0.1 g to ~0.5 g) of LECO 502-902 LCRM Calcium Carbonate (12.03% C). The calibration was verified with LECO 502-696 LCRM Synthetic Carbon (1.01% C).</p><h3><strong>2. Shimadzu: Determination of Metal Elements in Edible Oils Using ICP-MS</strong></h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_01_00920_en_a8363ed014.pdf"><strong>Full PDF for download</strong></a></li></ul><h4><strong>User Benefits</strong></h4><ul><li>It is possible to accurately analyze metal elements in edible oils.&nbsp;</li><li>Edible oils can be analyzed using only dilution with organic solvents, which simplifies sample preparation and improves throughput.&nbsp;</li><li>The use of solvent-resistant peristaltic pump tubing enables the addition of internal standard elements in-line, even during the analysis of organic solvents, thereby eliminating the need for manual addition.</li></ul><p>Edible oils are essential in our diet. Analyzing metal elements in edible oils is crucial for ensuring food safety and preserving oil quality. The Codex General Standard for Contaminants and Toxins in Food and Feed1) (hereinafter referred to as CODEX) requires the management of heavy metals (such as arsenic and lead) present in edible oils. Additionally, metal ions such as copper, iron, and manganese in edible oils can act as oxidation catalysts, affecting the deterioration of the oil.&nbsp;</p><p>For the analysis of metal elements in edible oils, methods involving the acid digestion of the oil followed by analysis using ICP Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) or ICP Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) are known. While digestion with acid can remove the organic matrix, it also carries the risk of volatilizing or contaminating the analytes during the complex sample preparation process, which can lead to errors in the analysis results. Furthermore, the complex sample preparations are timeconsuming and limit throughput. Another method involves diluting edible oils with organic solvents and analyzing them by ICP-OES. However, with this method, it can be challenging to achieve sufficient sensitivity for the analysis of harmful trace elementssuch as As and Pb.&nbsp;</p><p>In this Application News, the ICPMS-2050 (Fig. 1) was used to analyze 25 metal elements by simply diluting edible oils with an organic solvent. Spike recovery tests are also performed to verify the validity of the analytical results.</p><h4><strong>Removal of Interference and Detection Limit&nbsp;</strong></h4><p>To analyze metal elements with high sensitivity in organic solvents, it is necessary to eliminate interferences caused by carbon from the organic solvent. For example, there are carbonderived polyatomic ion interferences such as 12C12C+ on 24Mg, 12C16O+ on 28Si, and 40Ar12C+ on 52Cr. By using collision mode with helium gas or reaction mode with hydrogen gas, these interferences can be eliminated, enabling sensitive analysis. As an example, Fig. 2 shows the calibration curve for Cr under each condition. In the No Gas mode, the influence of 40Ar12C+ results in a high background equivalent concentration (BEC), making it challenging to analyze trace amounts of 52Cr. However, in collision mode and reaction mode, interferences can be eliminated, reducing the BEC and enabling the analysis of trace amounts of 52Cr.&nbsp;</p><p>Additionally, the detection limits (DLs) are shown in Table 4. The detection limits were calculated as the concentration that gives a signal equivalent to three times the standard deviation (σ) of the calibration blank sample (STD0). Detection limits of arsenic and lead in edible oils were sufficient to monitor the CODEX standard values of 100 µg/kg (0.1 mg/kg).</p><h4><strong>Conclusion&nbsp;</strong></h4><p>In this Application News, the analysis of metal elements in edible oils was performed using the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/library?mainauthorItems=1&amp;search=ICPMS-2050"><strong>ICPMS-2050</strong></a> with the organic solvent injection system. Good spike recoveries were achieved, confirming that trace metal elements in edible oils can be accurately quantified with a simple sample preparation involving only dilution with organic solvents. Since it is possible to analyze without the complex proceduresrequired for acid decomposition, the risk of volatilization or contamination of the analytes during the sample preparation process is reduced. Additionally, the use of solvent-resistant peristaltic pump tubing enables the in-line addition of internal standard elements, further reducing the time required forsample preparation.</p><h3><strong>3. Thermo Fisher Scientific: Fast routine analysis of trace and ultra trace elements in zinc alloys by Glow Discharge Mass Spectrometry</strong></h3><ul><li>Application note</li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/labrulez-bucket-strapi-h3hsga3/an_003108_ioms_gd_ms_element_gd_plus_zinc_alloys_an003108_em_en_34cfefa25e.pdf"><strong>Full PDF for download</strong></a></li></ul><p>Zinc is used for different applications like corrosion protection, in fertilizers, pharmaceuticals and in energy storage as alternative for lithium-based batteries. Zinc alloys are used e.g. for die casting and as galvanizing alloys<sup>1</sup> . Corrosion of zinc-aluminum alloys is accelerated by small amounts of impurities, especially lead, cadmium, and tin<sup>2,3</sup>. Lead and other impurities such as antimony influence the morphology and orientation of electrolytically deposited zinc4 . To ensure consistently high product quality, the analysis of trace and ultra trace elements in zinc and its alloys is essential. There is an increasing demand to specify better grades of zinc and zinc alloys and therefore, better limits of detection are required. With the <a target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://icpms.labrulez.com/products/1690"><strong>Thermo Scientific™ Element GD Plus™ Glow Discharge Mass Spectrometer</strong></a> sub-ppb levels of detection can be achieved, much lower than by Spark-OES and GD-OES. The Element GD Plus GD-MS is being used for quality control in routine production for different applications in industrial manufacturing environments. This document describes the fast direct determination of elements in zinc alloys down to ppb level.</p><h4><strong>Analytical setup&nbsp;</strong></h4><p>The flat zinc alloys samples (Figure 1) are analyzed directly, and no digestion is required. The instrumental conditions for the analysis with the Element GD Plus GD-MS are shown in Table 1. To remove any potential sample surface contamination, fast presputtering in continuous DC mode was applied before the data acquisition. Depending on the sample preparation (e.g. milling or grinding), the resulting degree of surface contamination, and the limits of detection required, lower presputter times can be used, leading to even higher sample throughput. Most elements are analyzed in Medium Mass Resolution (R = 4000). Gallium and Yttrium are analyzed in High Mass Resolution (R = 10000) to ensure an interference-free measurement by resolving the analytes from the ZnH and MgZn interferences.</p><h4><strong>Results&nbsp;</strong></h4><p>The Certified Reference Materials BCR-357, BCR-359 and BCR-360 have been used to calibrate Mg, Fe, Ni, Cu, Cd, In, Sn, Tl and Pb in zinc alloys. The calibration lines are displayed in Figure 2, showing excellent linearity. This calibration was used for the quantification of elements in a zinc alloy sample. For the elements that were not calibrated, the Standard Relative Sensitivity Factors (sRSF) of the Element GD Plus GD-MS were used by the software for quantification. With the sRSFs, the semiquantitative results typically fall within ± 30 % of the true values. Table 2 shows the mass fractions for selected elements as well as the relative standard deviation (RSD) of three replicative consecutive measurements on the same spot. Mass fractions in the single digit ppb range can be quantified with ≤ 10 % RSD. For mass fractions ≥ 0.4 ppm the RSD was ≤ 2 %. For mass fractions ≥ 30 ppm the RSD was 1 %. When the result was below the Limit of Detection (defined as 3 x standard deviation of low concentration measurements), it is stated as &lt; Limit of Detection. With the method used, the typical Limits of Detection are in the low single digit ppb range.</p><h4><strong>Conclusions&nbsp;</strong></h4><p>The Element GD Plus GD-MS is an extremely sensitive tool for determining trace and ultra trace impurities in solid samples. The calibration lines in zinc alloy matrices show excellent linearity. Mass fractions at the ppb and ppm level are quantified precisely and reliably. Single digit ppb mass fractions can be quantified with ≤ 10 % RSD. For mass fractions ≥ 30 ppm the precision was 1 % RSD. Interferences are safely eliminated in either Medium Mass Resolution (R = 4000) or High Mass Resolution (R = 10000). Automatic resolution switching within one second enables the routine use of the optimum mass resolution. Surface contaminations are removed by fast presputtering before the data acquisition. The analysis does not require a digestion and is fast with a sample throughput of approximately five samples per hour.</p>

News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 44, 2025

Article

Product

Events

Webinars

Application

Academy

Video

Poster

Scientists

Plastics

Environment

Food

Water

Health

Presentation

Scientific article

Interview

Toxicology

Popularization

Science and research

Software

Covid-19

Career

Laboratories

Various

PFAS 

Zaměření

Type of News

Focus

Everything from the world of analytical chemistry in one place. We connect people in solving their problems. At Labrulez you will find all the necessary information easily, quickly and clearly. Stop searching and start finding.

News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 44, 2025

News from LabRulezLCMS Library - Week 44, 2025

News from LabRulezGCMS Library - Week 44, 2025

Webinars LabRulezICPMS Week 44/2025

Webinars LabRulezLCMS Week 44/2025

Webinars LabRulezGCMS Week 44/2025

Fe3O4/ZIF-8-90 Nanocomposite as a Strategy for Oncological Treatment

Paired Pulsed Decarboxylative Hydroxylation Designed by Online Electrochemistry–Mass Spectrometry

Influence of Polysorbate 80 on the Larvicidal and Ecotoxicological Profile of Dizygostemon riparius Essential Oil Nanoemulsion: Insights into Green Nanotechnology

News from LabRulezICPMS Library - Week 43, 2025

Upcoming events

Analytical Insights Tour: From Food to Nutraceuticals

LECO Training Course Pegasus BT/BT4D BTX/BTX4D

LECO Training Course CS-744/844 Series & ON/ONH-736/836 Series

Webinars

Extending the power of LC MS/MS: advanced workflows with QTRAP®

Liner selection and injection techniques in GC

Future Days: Catalysts, What Will Define the Next Decade of Catalysis?