Zinc, nickel, calcium, and magnesium in borated water of a pressurized water reactor (PWR)

IC Application Note C–140 In pressurized water reactors (PWRs), light water is used as coolant in the primary side. Boron (as boric acid) is added to the coolant to absorb neutrons thus controlling reactivity. Lithium hydroxide assures a pH value…

IC Application Note C–137 Copper, nickel, zinc, and common cations in the water-steam circuit of a boiling water reactor (BWR) Water chemistry of the water-steam circuit is crucial for maintaining plant reliability and for ensuring optimal plant operational conditions. Impurities…

IC Application Note Q–6 Online analysis of trace anions in borated water of a pressurized water reactor (PWR) Water of the primary circuit of pressurized water reactors (PWR) contains boron for neutron absorption. The high borate content interferes with the…

IC Application Note C–139 Cations and amines in the water-steam circuit Water in steel-based cooling systems requires a pH value slightly above 7 to prevent corrosion. Often ammonium or organic amines are applied for pH adjustement. This application shows the…